Download What is Multiple sclerosis (MS) 1

What is
Multiple
sclerosis
(MS)
Young Mi Choi
13243961
Simple statistics
2
1,75
1,8
1,6
1,4
1,24
1,2
2.3
M
41%
1
0,8
0,6
25K
0,4
0,2
2,35
2,3
2,3
0
30000
2010
2017
25607
2,25
25000
2,2
20000
21283
9.5
2,15
2,1
>
2,1
2,05
2
2008
2013
X2
20.3%
↑
15000
10000
5000
0
2010
2017
What is MS?
• Has unknown cause and no cure
• Relapsing and Progressive disease
• Major pathologic mechanisms
•Inflammation
CNS
•Axon degenerationdamag
e
•Demyelination
Variety
symptom
s
Demyelination
•A loss of myelin with relative preservation of
Myeli
axons.
n
Axon
•The affected axons tend to atrophy and eventually
degenerating.
•Due to inflammatory autoimmune process - most
common theory
(Capraiell
Progressive disease
(Monahan et
al. 2007)
Ti
Alternative theories – non
immunopathology
• Due to chronic viral infection
?
• Due to a genetically determined neurological degenerative
process
• Vitamin D and risk of MS
summary
Reference
Ahmad, H. Palmer, A.J. & Campbell, J.A. 2018, Health Economic Impact of Multiple Sclerosis in
Australia in 2017, Menzies Health Economics Research Group , viewed 29 march 2019, <
https://msra.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/health-economic-impact-of-ms-in-australia-in2017_ms-research-australia_web.pdf >.
Capraiello, A.V 2017. Figure 37, ResearchGate, viewed 29 March 2020, <
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Demyelination-results-in-a-loss-of-functional-conduction-and-mayresult-in-axonal-damage_fig1_318033133>.
Chaudhuri, A & Behan, P. 2004, ‘Multiple Sclerosis Is Not an Autoimmune Disease’, Archives of
McLane, L.M., Abdel-Hakeem, M.S. & Wherry, E.J. 2019, CD8 T Cell Exhaustion During
Chronic Viral Infection and Cancer, Annual Review of Immunology, Vol. 37, pp. 457-96,
viewed 29 March 2020, <https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-immunol041015-055318>.
Monahan et al. 2007, Process of demyelination, Farlex, viewed 29 March 2020, <https://medicaldictionary.thefreedictionary.com/_/viewer.aspx?path=MosbyMD&name=demyelination.jpg&url=htt
ps%3A%2F%2Fmedical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com%2Fdemyelination>.
Olek, M.J. & Howard, J. 2019, Clinical presentation, course, and prognosis of multiple sclerosis in
adults, UpToDate, viewed 29 March 2020, <UpToDate>
Olek, J.J. & Mowry, E. 2020, Pathogenesis and epidemiology of multiple sclerosis, UpToDate,
viewed 29 March 2020, <UpToDate>.
Pastorino, E. & Doyle-Portillo, S. 2008, Cengage Advantage Books: What is Psychology?