Download PED in sport

STIMULANTS
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Effects on performance:
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Makes athletes more alert and helps reduce feelings of tiredness
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Side effects:
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Heart failure, high blood pressure, very addictive, user becomes irritable, unable to
sleep
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Athletes who would commonly take it:
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Long distance runner, cyclists (endurance athletes), games players
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Examples of stimulant drugs? Amphetamines, cocaine, caffeine
ANABOLIC STEROIDS
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Effect on performance:
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Helps athletes to train harder and to build muscle mass, decrease fat, develop bone
growth, aid rehabilitation.
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Mimic the effect of testosterone
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Side effects:
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Increased aggression, mood swings, high blood pressure, kidney damage,
infertility, cancer, can cause women to take on male characteristics e.g. facial hair
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Athletes who would commonly take it:
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Body builders (competition), wrestlers, weight lifters
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Often injected into blood stream, pills, creams or gels applied
to skin
DIURETICS
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Effects on performance:
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Removes fluid from the body meaning the athlete is lighter, increases urination,
helps clear traces of other substances from their urine
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Side effects:
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Severe dehydration (negatively effecting performance), kidney damage, muscle
cramps
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Athletes who would commonly take it:
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Gymnasts, dancers, wrestlers, boxers, jockeys, any other athletes who are trying to
remove a used illegal substance
NARCOTIC ANALGESICS
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Effects on performance:
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Pain killers which are used to mask pain caused by injury or fatigue
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Side effects:
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Can make injury more serious, highly addictive, withdrawal symptoms when
stopped, constipation, low blood pressure, loss of balance and coordination
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Athletes who commonly take it: All types of athletes with injury
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Examples: Heroin, codeine
BLOOD DOPING
Method of improving athletic performance by artificially boosting the blood's
ability to bring more oxygen to muscles.
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blood transfusions
injections of synthetic oxygen carriers
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Effects on performance:
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Increased energy levels, build muscle mass
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Side effects:
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Risk of stroke or heart problems; embolism
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Athletes who would commonly take it:
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Endurance athletes
EPO (ERYTHROPOIETIN) & HGH (HUMAN GROWTH
HORMONE)
EPO
horrmone that is produced naturally by the human body. EPO is released from the kidneys
and acts on the bone marrow to stimulate red blood cell production.
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Increased oxygen intake in blood which improves cardiovascular endurance
Side effects:
Blood clots, high blood pressure,
stroke, heart failure, allergic reaction
transfer of viruses/infections
HGH
Hormone produced naturally by pituitary gland
Develops muscle, makes the body use fat, helps reduce tiredness, assists in repair
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Side effects:
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kidney damage, transfer of viruses and infections (from injections), diabetes, may
contribute to growth of cancerous tumors
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Athletes who would commonly take it:
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Swimmers, sprinters, cyclists, most sports