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Download Alleles - heterozygous and homozygous - phenotype and genotype
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traits genes characteristics heredity sexual reproduction • A gene can have variations of itself • These special genes (called alleles) are variations of that specific gene • Dominant ALWAYS express themselves • Recessive only show when there are AT LEAST TWO RECESSIVE ALLELES TOGETHER • Alleles pairs dad mom • Capital letters are dominant. • Lower case letters are recessive. • B is dominant • b is recessive purple color is DOMINANT white is RECESSIVE Pheno • Phenotype • Genotype Geno Homo Hetero • Homo• Hetero• Homozygous SAME • Heterozygous DIFFERENT Hh bb homozygous dominant GENOTYPE • Key words homozygous dominant genotype • Homozygous • Dominant • Genotype ?? • Key words homozygous dominant genotype • Homozygous • Dominant • Genotype BB heterozygous GENOTYPE • Key words heterozygous recessive genotype • Heterozygous • Genotype ?? • Key words heterozygous recessive genotype • Heterozygous • Genotype Hh alleles genes Punnett square genotypes A fully filled Punnett square PARENT 2 GOES HERE PARENT 1 GOES HERE Potential OFFSPRING #1 Potential OFFSPRING #2 Potential OFFSPRING #3 Potential OFFSPRING #4 Parent 1 genotype Hh Parent 2 genotype Hh H Parent 1 genotype Hh Parent 2 genotype Hh H h h Move the top row down, left side over H h H HH Hh h hH hh Parent 1 genotype Hh Parent 2 genotype Hh DOMINANT first In keeping with dominant alleles “bullying” recessive alleles, we make sure to always list the DOMINANT ALLELE FIRST. This makes it easier to read when doing problems. Hh We’re done, right???? • No! Now we need to label and order our offspring. • Dominant: (3/4 squares) HH, Hh, Hh • Recessive: (1/4 squares) hh Hh 1 2 3 4 homozygous • 2/4 are AA, aa, so 50% recessive • ¼ are aa, so 25% dominant? • ¾ are AA, Aa, Aa, so 75% (25+25+25 = 75)
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