Download 18.3 Kingdoms and Domains

18.3 Kingdoms and Domains
• The tree of life evolves
– in the beginning…… then……. The six kingdom system of
classification includes the kingdoms ANIMALIA,
PLANTAE, FUNGI, PROTISTA, AND 2 BACTERIAL
KINGDOMS EUBACTERIA AND ARCHAEBACTERIA.
• The 3 domain system
– Domain – is the most inclusive category– larger than a
kingdom.
– The three domains are: the domain of bacteria, which
corresponds to the kingdom Eubacteria; the domain
archae, which corresponds to the kingdom
archaebacteria; and the domain eukarya, which is
composed of animals, plants, fungi, and protists.
– Bacteria
» Domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls containing
peptidoglycans
– Archaea
» Domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls that do not
contain peptidoglycans
– Eukarya
» Domain of all organisms whose cells have nuclei, including protists,
plants, fungi and animals
• Protista – kingdom composed mainly of single – celled
eukaryotes: includes all eukaryotes that are not classified as
plants, animals or fungi
• Plantae – kingdom of multicellular photosynthetic autotrophs
that have cell walls containing cellulose
• Fungi – kingdom composed mainly of saprophytes, which
obtain energy and nutrients from dead and organic matter
• Animalia – kingdom of multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs
whose cells do not have cell walls
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS
DOMAIN
KINGDOM
CELL TYPE
NUMBER OF CELLS
MODE OF NUTRITION
EXAMPLES
Domains and Kingdoms
Archaebacteria
Archaebacteria
Protista
Bacteria
Eubacteria
Fungi
Eukarya
Animalia
Plantae
Kingdom Archaebacteria
•
•
•
•
•
Cell Type: prokaryote
Cell Wall: not composed of peptidoglycan
Body Type: unicellular
Nutrition: autotrophic or heterotrophic
Examples: Ancient bacteria--Extremophiles
methanococcus; halophiles
Kingdom Eubacteria
•
•
•
•
•
Cell Type: prokaryote
Cell Wall: composed of peptidoglycan
Body Type: unicellular
Nutrition: autotrophic & heterotrophic
Examples: Common bacteria
E. coli, streptococcus, staphylococcus
Kingdom Protista
•
•
•
•
•
Cell Type: Eukaryotic
Cell Wall: silica, calcium carbonate, proteins
Body Type: unicellular & multicellular
Nutrition: autotrophic & heterotrophic
Examples: Misfits like--paramecium, euglena,
amoeba
Kingdom Fungi
•
•
•
•
•
Cell Type: eukaryotic
Cell Wall: chitin
Body Type: unicellular & multicellular
Nutrition: heterotrophic (not a plant!)
Examples: yeast, morel, puffball,
Rhizopus stolonifer (bread mold)
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Plantae
•
•
•
•
•
Cell Type: eukaryotic
Cell Wall: composed of cellulose
Body Type: multicellular
Nutrition: autotrophic
Examples: corn; ferns; roses; pine tree
Kingdom Animalia
•
•
•
•
•
Cell Type: eukaryotic
Cell Wall: no cell wall
Body Type: multicellular
Nutrition: heterotrophic
Examples: manatee, shark, snakes, worms, coral,
hummingbird, insects….