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Evolution Unit Vocabulary List by TEKS New Vocabulary in Biology TEKS 7A – Evidence of Common Ancestry Vocabulary in Middle School Science Middle School Evolution common ancestry decent with modification cladogram derived characteristics fossil record biogeography molecular homology DNA/amino acid sequence developmental homology embryo embryology anatomical homology homologous structures vs. analogous vestigial structures TEKS 7B – Scientific Explanations in Fossil Record fossil record Law of Superposition (understanding of) cladogram punctuated equilibrium gradualism stasis TEKS 7G – Scientific Explanations of Cell Complexity Endosymbiotic Theory endocytosis TEKS 9D – Evidence of Organic Molecules “Primordial Soup” Hypothesis Miller-Urey Experiment amino acids RNA World Hypothesis catalytic RNA TEKS 7C – Natural Selection & Change in Populations natural selection (survival of the fittest) gene pool relative allele frequency (allele frequency) single-gene trait polygenic trait directional selection stabilizing selection disruptive selection Charles Darwin Theory of Evolution Evolution biodiversity variation natural selection (survival of the fittest) selective breeding (artificial selection) adaptation species interbreed common ancestor mutation fossil symbiotic prokaryote eukaryote membrane-bound organelle mitochondria chloroplast organic molecules vs. inorganic molecules heredity offspring migration extinction TEKS 7D – Elements of Natural Selection & Reproductive Success inherited variations reproductive success TEKS 7E – Natural Selection, Adaptations, & Diversity natural selection (survival of the fittest) adaptation diversity variation speciation inherited vs. acquired traits divergent evolution (adaptive radiation) convergent evolution coevolution natural resistance (ex: bacterial or insect resistance) reproductive isolation geographic isolation behavioral isolation temporal isolation genetic equilibrium TEKS 7F – Other Evolutionary Mechanisms mechanism gene pool genetic drift (ex. bottleneck effect) gene flow mutation genetic recombination (crossing over; gene shuffling)