Download Mikbaz I - moed A

Mikbaz I - moed A - 4.01.2007
Part 1 - Introduction
1. All of the following are correct regarding PET FDG imaging in patients with
cancer, except:
a. This imaging is based on simultaneous detection of 2 gamma rays,
emitted at 180 degrees from each other, after annihilation of a positron
emitted from a radioactive isotope with an electron.
b. One of the advantages of the test is the option to use FDG not only for
imaging, but also for treatment of metastases.
c. One of the advantages of the test is the possibility to scan the whole
body following a one-time injection of the radioactive material.
d. The PET FDG test can detect active malignant tissue even when the
CT shows no pathological findings.
2. The following statements regarding the localization mechanisms of the
substances used in nuclear medicine are true, except:
a. Bone scan is based upon chemical absorption of the substance on the
hydroxyapatite crystals of the bone.
b. Lung scan is based upon simple diffusion of the substance to the lungs.
c. Thyroid scan is based upon active absorption against concentrations
gradient.
d. PET FDG scan is based upon intracellular metabolism.
3. All of the following are correct regarding renal scan, except:
a. Using the scan it is possible to diagnose rejection of an implanted
kidney both from a relative and from dead.
b. In order to apprehend occlusion of renal venous drainage, a drug, such
as capoten, can be used.
c. Renal scan is a dynamic scan.
d. Renal inflammations can be diagnosed using DMSA renal scan.
4. All of the following are correct regarding nuclear medicine, except:
a. Imaging in nuclear medicine is based upon injection of a radioactive
substance and appreciation of physiological processes in the body.
b. In order for a radioactive atom to be appropriate for use in nuclear
medical imaging, it has to have a very long half life (at least several
days).
c. The advantage of combined imaging (PET/CT, SPECT/CT) is in the
ability to locate anatomically the findings of the scan.
d. SPECT test presents the findings in three dimensions and is efficient in
localizing the findings in regions of compound anatomy.
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5. Which of the following is true regarding bone scan for diagnosing stress
fractures :
a. Bone scan can demonstrate stress fractures even when the X-ray
imaging of the area is normal.
b. Bone scan is not efficient in diagnosing stress fractures in women.
c. Tagged WBC scan is sometimes used as a complimentary to bone scan
in diagnosing stress fractures.
d. The specificity of bone scan for diagnosing stress fractures is high, but
the sensitivity is relatively low.
6. All of the following are correct regarding lung scan, except:
a. The injected particles "get stuck" in the pulmonary pre-capillaries in
the ratio of 1:1000.
b. Lung scan is efficient in demonstrating pulmonary emboli and lung
malignancies.
c. The injected substance used in the scan is albumin macro-aggregates.
d. During the test, a radioactive substance is injected into the blood
stream, and a radioactive gas is given by inhalation.
7. The diagnostic process of hyperparathyroidism can be initiated by an
incidental finding of high values of:
a. TSH and adrenal hormones
b. Calcium
c. EDTA
d. Fluorid
e. The clinical lab has no role in diagnosing diseases
8. A blood tube that has been standing for long time before being transmitted to
the laboratory, would have an erroneous reading of:
a. Sodium and potassium
b. Calcium and phosphorus
c. Potassium and calcium
d. Glucose and sodium
e. Potassium and glucose
9. A patient is admitted to the ER with high fever and fulminant inflammatory
process, and is transmitted to the ICU. In the ICU various blood tests have
been taken, and, among other findings, a very high serum potassium level is
found. How should this finding be regarded?
a. The finding is of great importance in the treatment course of the patient
b. The finding should be regarded suspiciously, as in the current state of
the patient is can be false positive
c. A fulminant inflammatory process augments all the electrolytes, thus
the finding is reasonable
d. The finding should be regarded along with the serum sodium value in
order to define the appropriate treatment
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10. A high specificity level is required for a test intended to diagnose:
a. A disease with high incidence in the population
b. A severe disease that has an efficient treatment
c. A severe disease with no efficient treatment
d. A disease with characteristics that are difficult to diagnose at physical
examination
11. What is the meaning of poor R-wave progression at leads V1-4:
a. Is common in weight lifters
b. Is a sign of significant pulmonary disease
c. Indicates a previous antero-septal MI
a. Indicates a technical problem in the connections of the ECG electrodes
12. What is the electrical axis in the strip at picture number 1:
a. Minus 45 degrees
b. 0 degrees
c. 30 degrees
d. 90 degrees
13. What is the most correct statement regarding picture number 2:
a. Rhythm can not be determined, axis +75
b. Sinus rhythm, axis +110
c. Sinus rhythm, PR interval longer than normal, axis +90
d. Sinus rhythm, normal PR interval, axis +75
14. What is the most correct statement regarding picture number 3:
a. NSR (normal sinus rhythm), normal PR interval, normal axis
b. Sinus bradycardia, normal PR interval, normal axis
c. Sinus bradycardia, normal PR interval, left axis
d. Sinus bradycardia, normal PR interval, right axis
15. From whom was attained the ECG strip at picture number 4:
a. Sixth year medical student during final exams, suffering from anxiety
attack and increased adrenaline release
b. 75 year old man, suffering from hypertension for many years
c. 23 year old woman, suffering from primary pulmonary hypertension
d. 50 year old doctor, without a history of heart disease
16. From whom was attained the ECG strip at picture number 5:
a. Sixth year medical student during final exams, suffering from anxiety
attack and increased adrenaline release
b. 75 year old man, suffering from hypertension for many years
c. 23 year old woman, suffering from primary pulmonary hypertension
d. 50 year old doctor, without a history of heart disease
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17. Upper motor neuron syndrome features:
a. Increased superficial reflexes
b. Decrease in tendon reflexes
c. Plantar flexor response
d. Spastic tonus
e. Flaccid tonus
Pictures:
Picture 1
Picture 2
Picture 3
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Picture 4
Picture 5
Possible answers:
1. b
2.
3. b
4. b
5. a
6.
7.
8.
9. c
10. c
11. d
12. d
13. c
14. d
15. c
16. d
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