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Keith R. Fowke
CURRICULUM VITAE
I. Personal Information:
Name:
Keith Raymond Fowke
Date of Birth:
February 8, 1966
Citizenship:
Canadian
Home Address:
30 Willowbend Crescent
Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R2N 1V3
Tel (204) 256-4597
Business Address:
Laboratory of Viral Immunology
Department of Medical Microbiology
University of Manitoba
539-730 William Ave. Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R3E 0W3
Tel (204) 789-3818
Fax (204) 789-3926
Email [email protected]
II. Positions Held:
1994-1996
Visiting Research Associate
Department of Medical Microbiology
University of Nairobi
NAIROBI, Kenya
Jan. 1999-Sept. 1999
Project Scientist
Cell Biology Department
BBI-Biotech Research Laboratories
217 Perry Parkway
GAITHERSBURG, Maryland, USA
Feb. 1999-July 1999
Visiting Scientist/Special Volunteer
Section of Cell Mediated Immunity
Experimental Immunology Branch
National Cancer Institute, NIH
BETHESDA, Maryland, U.S.A.
Oct. 1999-March 2004
Assistant Professor
Department of Medical Microbiology
University of Manitoba
WINNIPEG, Manitoba, Canada
2002-present
Curriculum co-director
CIHR National Training Program in Infectious Diseases
WINNIPEG, Manitoba, Canada
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Keith R. Fowke
2003-present
Visiting Scientist
National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada
WINNIPEG, Manitoba, Canada
2003-present
Safety Director
Department of Medical Microbiology
University of Manitoba
WINNIPEG, Manitoba, Canada
2004-Present
Associate Professor
Department of Medical Microbiology
University of Manitoba
WINNIPEG, Manitoba, Canada
2006-present
Visiting Lecturer
Department of Medical Microbiology
University of Nairobi
NAIROBI, Kenya
2006-Present
Associate Professor (nil-salaried)
Department of Community Health Sciences
University of Manitoba
WINNIPEG, Manitoba, Canada
III. EDUCATION:
1984-1988
Bachelor of Science (Honours First Class) - Microbiology
University of Manitoba
WINNIPEG, Manitoba, Canada
1988-1995
Doctor of Philosophy
University of Manitoba
WINNIPEG, Manitoba, Canada
Thesis Title: Resistance to HIV-1 Infection Among a
Group of Continuously Exposed Women
Supervisors: Drs. Francis A. Plummer and J. Neil Simonsen
Jan. 1995- Jan.1999
Postdoctoral Fellow
Section of Cell Mediated Immunity
Experimental Immunology Branch
National Cancer Institute, NIH
BETHESDA, Maryland, U.S.A.
Supervisor: Dr. Gene M. Shearer
IV. CONTINUING EDUCATION:
1996
Cell Biology of Immunity and Inflammation - Foundation for Advanced Education in the
Keith R. Fowke
1998
1998
2000
2003
2003
2006
2006
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Sciences (FAES) graduate school
Yeast Two Hybrid Selection Lab course - FAES graduate school
Medical Virology - FAES graduate school
Teaching Improvements Program (TIPS) Workshop – University of Manitoba
International High Containment Biosafety Workshop – Canadian Science Centre for
Human and Animal Health May 12-16 2003, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Good Laboratory Practice training session – CANVAC June 5, 2003 St. Adele, Quebec
Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education: An Evidence-Based
Perspective. Conference. University of Manitoba. April 4-5, 2006.
Containment Workshop in Design, Operation and Management. Winnipeg, Canada. May
10-12, 2006.
V. AWARDS:
1988
1989-1991
1991
1991
1991-1993
1994
1995-1997
1997-1998
1999
2002
2003
2005-2010
2005
2005
2006
B.Sc. (Honours) First Class, University of Manitoba
National Studentship, M.Sc. - National Health Research & Development Program
University of Manitoba Studentship - declined
Manitoba Health Research Council Studentship - declined
National Studentship, Ph.D. - National Health Research & Development Program
Canadian Society for Immunology Cedar Lane Poster Award
National Postdoctoral Fellowship - National Health Research & Development Program
Visiting Fellowship - Fogarty International, National Institutes of Health
University of Manitoba Faculty of Medicine Travel Award
University of Manitoba Faculty of Medicine Travel Award
Department of Medical Microbiology Clinical Studies Professional Development Fund Award
Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR) New Investigator Award
Dr. Kenneth Hughes Young Investigator Award for Medical Research, University of Manitoba
Rh Award for Outstanding Contributions to Scholarship and Research in Health Sciences, UM
Department of Medical Microbiology Clinical Studies Professional Development Fund Award
VI. SCHOLARLY AND PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES:
Journal Referee:
AIDS
AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
Expert Review of Vaccines
Vaccine
International Archives of Allergy and Immunology
Journal of Women’s Health
The Journal of Pediatrics
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
Archives of Virology
European Journal of Pharmacology
Viral Immunology
Grant Reviewer:
Canadian Institutes for Health Research (Panel Member)
Keith R. Fowke
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Virology and Viral Pathogenesis Panel (July 03-present)
Canadian Institutes for Health Research (Invitee Panel Member)
Virology and Viral Pathogenesis Panel May 2001
Virology and Viral Pathogenesis Panel May 2003
Canadian Institutes for Health Research (External Reviewer)
Virology and Viral Pathogenesis Panel
Immunology Panel
New Emerging Team Panel
University-Industry Research Chair Panel
Ontario HIV Treatment Network (External Reviewer)
Manitoba Health Research Council (Panel Member 2002-present)
Health Sciences Centre Foundation (External Reviewer)
University of Manitoba Graduate Student Major Awards Judge – 2002-present
Dr. Paul H.T. Thorlakson Foundation Fund Scientific Committee – (Panel member April 04-March 07)
International Science and Technology Centre (Russia)/NSERC – External Reviewer
Canadian Foundation for AIDS Research –External Reviewer
Associazione Italiana Per La Ricerca Sul Cancro (Assoc for Italian Cancer Research) – External Reviewer
Professional Associations:
Canadian Association for HIV Research (CAHR)
Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada
Canadian Society for Immunology
American Association for the Advancement of Science
American Society for Microbiologists
Scientific Conference Work:
U of Manitoba Medical Microbiology Retreat 2000, Hecla, MB - Organizing Committee.
2001 Canadian Association for HIV/AIDS Research (CAHR) conference Toronto ON – Session Chair,
Basic Science Rapporteur, Young Investigator Award Judge, Abstract Reviewer.
U of M Medical Microbiology Retreat 2001, Hecla, MB. - Organizing committee, Chair Trainee Poster
Competition
2002 CAHR Winnipeg MB - Basic Science Track Chair, Local Organizing Committee, Session Chair,
Abstract Reviewer
2003 CAHR Halifax NS - Basic Science Organizing Committee, Session Chair, Abstract Reviewer
2004 CAHR Montreal QB – Basic Science Organizing Committee, Abstract Reviewer
2005 International Urinary Tract Infectious Graduate Student Awards Committee Chair
2005 International Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Innovation Retreat, Organizing
Committee, Abstract Reviewer, Chair of Trainee Poster Competition
2006 CAHR Quebec City QB – Immunology Session Chair
2006 XVI International AIDS Conference, Toronto, Canada – Models of Protective Immunity Session
Chair.
Councils and Committees:
1987-88
President, Microbiology Club, University of Manitoba
1987-88
Member, Microbiology Department Council, University of Manitoba
1988-89
Member, Medical Microbiology Department Council, University of Manitoba
1996-98
Member, Experimental Immunology Branch Postdoctoral Committee
1999-present Member, Department of Medical Microbiology Council
Keith R. Fowke
2000-2001
2000-2003
2001
2001-present
2001-2002
2001-2002
2002-present
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Member, Organizing Committee for the Medical Microbiology Retreat
Member, Board of Representatives, University of Manitoba Faculty Association
Member, Basic Science Raporteur Team, 2001 CAHR Meeting
Chair, Department of Medical Microbiology Safety Committee
Member, CAHR 2002 Annual Meeting Host Organizing Committee
Chair, Track A (Basic) Committee CAHR Annual Meeting 2002
Member, Scientific Advisory Committee - Centre for Functional Food and Nutraceuticals,
U of M
2002
Member, Search Committee for Pathologist/Infectious Disease Immunologist, U of M
2005-present Chair, Infectious Immunology Research Interest Group
2005
Member, Canadian Contribution to the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Invitational
Working Group
2005
Member, Institute for Biorisk Management and Education Advisory Workshop, Sept 1,
2005.
2005
Member, Department of Medical Microbiology Graduate Studies Committee
2005-present Member, CIHR Research Advisory Group, University of Manitoba
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Keith R. Fowke
VII. TEACHING:
Philosophy:
My goal in teaching is to assist students in learning how to learn and how to think critically. It is not to have
students memorize facts. At the forefront of research information is constantly accumulating and, almost on a
daily basis, this changes how we view yesterday’s “facts”. Rather, my philosophy of teaching is to give
students the skills to effectively gather new information, process it, and present it in a thoughtful, intelligent,
and effective manner.
Approach:
My approach to teaching has evolved with experience and the assistance of the professional educators in the
Teaching Improvement Project Systems (TIPS) course. My approach is to establish the existing foundation of
knowledge, add new information, have the student reflect on the information and then express their thoughts
effectively.
Teaching Experience:
Sept. 1998
National Institutes of Health, Experimental Immunology Branch. Taught “Cell
Mediated Immunity and Disease” section of the EIBs “Introduction to
Immunology” course intended for new staff and postdoctoral fellows. Supervisor:
Dr. Paul Roche
Feb. 1999-present
Training and supervision of student and technical staff in basic laboratory practices
including biosafety level II/III procedures and techniques, tissue culture, enzyme
immunoassays, and safe use of radioactive chemicals.
2000-present
Lecturer, graduate course Virology 97:701.
2001-2005
Coordinator, Med Micro Graduate Student and Fellows Journal Clubs.
2001-2005
Coordinator, Med Micro Graduate Student Research Seminar Series
2001-present
Med I tutorial leader, infectious diseases sections.
2001-present
The Canadian Medical Hall of Fame Discovery Day in Health Sciences –
Coordinator for the “HIV Research - Studying the Immune System” Workshop
2002-present
Lecturer, graduate course Immunological Methods 72.704
2002-present
Coordinator and Lecturer, Viral Immunology Section, Molecular Biology of
Animal Viruses 97:717
2002-present
Curriculum co-coordinator, CIHR Infectious Diseases Training Program
2003-present
Course coordinator and lecturer, graduate course Ecology of Infectious Diseases
97.722
2003-present
Lecturer, graduate course Clinical Virology 97.713
2005-present
Lecturer, graduate course Microbial Pathogenicity 97.705, Dept of Med Micro
2005-present
Lecturer, graduate course Medical Immunology 36.719, Dept of Immunology
2005-present
Lecturer, graduate course Introduction to Pathology 88.702, Dept of Pathology
2005-presnet
Course co-coordinator and lecturer, Summer Institute in Infectious Diseases,
05.3910/3 and 85.3910/3, U of Winnipeg 3000 level undergraduate course (UM is a
partner institution)
Fowke Lab Trainees:
Summer Students:
Name
Ms. Sarah Myk
Ms. Mariel Plummer
Ms. Jennifer Athayde
Term
2001-2003
2002-2003
2002
Keith R. Fowke
Ms. Tamar Davis
2005
Ms Francoise Vouriot 2005
B.Sc. (Medicine)
Name
Term
Outcome
Mr. Jonothan Bellas 2000-2001
Graduated
Mr. Jared Bullard
2001-2002
Graduated
Ms. Jennifer Athayde 2003-2004
Graduated
Mr. Tavis Bodnarchuk 2006-2007 On going
Medical Student Electives
Name
Affiliation
Term
Outcome
Mr. Makobu Kimani University of Nairobi 2002
Completed
M.Sc.
Name
Term
Outcome
Mr. Paul McLaren
2000-2002
Transitioned to PhD
Ms. Sandra Koesters 2000-2002
Transitioned to PhD
Ms. Françoise Vouriot 2002-present Graduated
Ms. Catherine Card 2005-present
Ph.D.
Name
Term
Outcome
Mr. Paul McLaren
2002-present
Ms. Sandra Koesters 2002-present
Mr. Julius Oyugi
2004-present
Postdoctoral Fellow.
Name
Term
Outcome
Dr. Judie Alimonti 2001-2005
Research Biologist, National Microbiology Lab
Clinical Fellow
Name
Term
Outcome
Dr. Yoav Keynan
2005-present
Fowke Lab Trainees’ Honours:
Mr. Paul McLaren –PhD student
- 2000
Health Sciences Centre Foundation Studentship $15,000
- 2001/2
University of Manitoba Graduate Fellowship – declined
- 2001/03 Manitoba Health Research Council Graduate Fellowship - $16,000
- 2002admitted to the ICID/CIHR National Training Program in Infectious Diseases
- 2002/2003 The Ade and Co. Award for Outstanding Journal Club Presentation
- 2003-2006 CIHR Doctoral Research Award
- 2004
Canada Student Health Research Forum – Manitoba Poster Competition Prize
Mr. Jonothan Bellas – BSc(Med) student
- 2000
Morris Newman Memorial Award for First Term B.Sc.(Med) Presentation $1000
- 2001
Award for Excellence in B.Sc. (Med) final presentations $100.
Ms. Sandra Koesters –PhD Student
- 2000/2001 The Ade and Co. Award for Outstanding Journal Club Presentation
- 2001/02 Allan Ronald Graduate Fellowship - $7,000
- 2001
Faculty of Graduate Studies Travel Award
- 2002/04 Manitoba Health Research Council Graduate Fellowship - $16,000
- 2002admitted to the ICID/CIHR National Training Program in Infectious Diseases
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Keith R. Fowke
- 2003-2006 CIHR Doctoral Research Award
- 2003
Canada Student Health Research Forum – Manitoba Poster Competition Prize
- 2004
Canada Student Health Research Forum – Manitoba Poster Competition Prize
Dr. Judie Alimonti –Post-doctoral Fellow
- 2001
MHRC Fellowship
- 2001/03 CIHR Postdoctoral Fellowship $35,000/yr
- 2002admitted to the ICID/CIHR National Training Program in Infectious Diseases
Mr. Jared Bullard – BSc(Med) student
- 2001
Morris Newman Memorial Award for First Term B.Sc.(Med) Presentation $1000
- 2002
BSc (Med) Awards:
 Merck Sharp & Dohme Scholarship for Best Basic Science Project $1000
 National Student Research Forum Travel Award to Galveston 2003
 Nicholson Prize for Best Overall Project $500.
Ms. Françoise Vouroit –MSc student
- 2002/4
NSERC National Studentship - $17,300
- 2003
Faculty of Graduate Studies Travel Award
- 2004
Canada Student Health Research Forum – Manitoba Poster Competition Prize
- 2005
Manitoba Medical Service Foundation Award for Excellence in Research by a
Masters student. $1000.
Ms. Jennifer Athayde –BSc(Med) student
- 2004
Morris Newman Memorial Award for First Term B.Sc.(Med) Presentation $1000
Mr. Julius Oyugi – PhD student
- 2004/5
Manitoba Health Research Council Studentship $17,850
- 2004
Admitted to CIHR/International Centre for Infectious Disease National Training
Program
- 2006
Public Health Agency of Canada National Conference - Poster Prize Winner $250
- 2006
New Investigator Award – Basic Science Category. Canadian Association for HIV
Research Annual Meeting 2006, $1000
Ms. Catherine Card – MSc student
- 2005/6
Manitoba Health Research Council Studentship $17,850
Student Advisory Committees:
B.Sc. (Medicine) Committees
Name
Affiliation
Mr. Jonothan Bellas Medicine
Mr. Jared Bullard
Medicine
Mr. Davyd Hooper Medicine
Mr. James Koenig
Medicine
Ms. Jennifer Athayde Medicine
Ms. Kulvinder Gill Medicine
Mr. Paul Chapman Medicine
Ms. Shamina Kassum Medicine
M.Sc. Committees
Name
Mr. Qiujiang Du
Role
supervisor
supervisor
external examiner
internal examiner
supervisor
internal examiner
internal examiner
internal examiner
Affiliation
Role
Immunology committee member
Term
2000-2001
2001-2002
2000
2002-2004
2003-2004
2003-2004
2004-2005
2004-2005
Outcome
Graduated
Graduated
Graduated
Graduated
Graduated
Graduated
Graduated
Graduated
Term
2001-2004
Outcome
Graduated
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Keith R. Fowke
Ms. Lisa Fernando
Med Micro
Mr. Darryl Falzarano Med Micro
Ms. Françoise Vouroit Med Micro
Ms. Jelena Bratic
Med Micro
Ms. Catherine Card Med Micro
Ms. Ifeoma Owkor Immunology
Mr. Jimmy Tran
Immunology
Ms. Rae-Anne Hardie Med Micro
Ms. Caitlin Sarna
Med Micro
Univ. of Manitoba Ph.D. Committees
Name
Affiliation
Ms. Xiaobing Han
Med Micro
Mr. Hezhao Ji
Med Micro
Mr. Paul McLaren
Med Micro
Ms. Sandra Koesters Med Micro
Ms. Laura Bilenki
Immunology
Mr. Jieyuan Jiang
Med Micro
Mr. Julius Oyugi
Med Micro
Ms. Natasha Ryz
Hum Nutr Sci
Mr. Lyle McKinnon Med Micro
Ms. Jillian Waruk
Med Micro
Ms. Allison Land
Med Micro
External Ph.D. Committees
Name
Ms. Jane Gamberg
committee member
committee member
supervisor
committee member
supervisor
committee member
committee member
committee member
committee member
2001-2003
2002-2005
2002-2004
2004-2005
2005-present
2005-present
2006-present
2006-present
2006-present
Role
committee member
committee member
supervisor
supervisor
committee member
committee member
supervisor
committee member
committee member
committee member
committee member
Term
Outcome
2000-present
2002-present
2002-present
2002-present
2002-present
2002-present
2004-present
2005-present
2002-present
2002-present
2003-present
Affiliation
Role
Memorial U. external examiner
Term
Oct 2003
Graduated
Graduated
Graduated
Graduated
Outcome
Graduated
Keith R. Fowke
1.
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VIII. GRANTS: (* national, ** international)
**Jan. 1999- Sept 1999
Co-investigator, National Institutes of Health R01 grant A1-3306608: Plant Anti-HIV Agents. $114,851.00.
2.
Jan. 2000-Dec. 2000 Principal investigator. University of Manitoba Research Grant. Defining
Cellular Immune Responses in HIV Resistant Individuals. $5,000.
3.
**Apr 2000-Mar 01 Principal investigator. American Foundation for AIDS Research. Grant #
02676-28-RG. Defining Cellular Immune Responses in HIV-1 Resistant individuals.
$111,600.
4.
June 2000-May 2001 Principal investigator. Office of International Health (U of M). Defining
Protective HIV Immune Responses: An International Collaboration. $1,500.
5.
July 2000-June 2002 Principal investigator. Manitoba Health Research Council Operating
Grant. Mechanisms of Rapid Disease Progression in HIV infection. $50,000/yr
6.
July 2000-June 2003 Principal investigator. Manitoba Health Research Council Establishment
Grant. Establishment of the Viral Immunology Laboratory. $54,500/yr
7.
*Sept 2000-Aug 2001 Principal investigator. Canadian Foundation for Innovation New
Opportunities Grant. Mechanisms of Immune Protection against Viruses: Development of
a Viral Immunology Core. CFI contribution $133,163; Matching funding $199,744.
8.
*Sept2000-Aug01
Principal investigator. Canadian Infectious Disease Society Grant. Role of
Dendritic Cells in Mediating Resistance to HIV Infection. $14,000.
9.
*Apr 2001-Mar 2004 Principal investigator. Canadian Institutes of Health Research. HIV
Resistance: Specificity, Function and Duration of T Helper Responses. $94,471 per year.
10.
*Oct 2001-Sept 2006 Co-applicant. PI Francis Plummer Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Group Grant. The Biology of Sexually Transmitted Infections. $350,874 per year.
Role: I am one of 6 CIHR-funded PIs (four of whom are at the U of M) who make up the
Resistance and Susceptibility to Infections Research Group.
11.
*April /02-March /08 Co-applicant. PI Francis Plummer, CIHR, CIHR/International Centre for
Infectious Diseases Training Program. $300,000 per year.
Role:
 One of 6 individuals who shaped the content of the training program
 Co-chair of the Management Committee which coordinates all activities of the Program
 Curriculum co-coordinator
 directing the Infectious Minds journal club
 organizing symposia
 coordinating research practica.
Keith R. Fowke
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12.
*April /02-March/05 Co-principal investigator with Francis Plummer CANVAC National
Centre of Excellence. Immunoregulation and Immunogenetics of HIV-1 Specific Mucosal
Immune Responses in HIV-1 Resistant Sex Workers. $100,00 per year
Role: Principle investigator for the immunogentic component of this project, secondary
supervisor for other aspects, and designated representative to all CANVAC meetings.
13.
July 2002-June 2003 Principal investigator. Thorlakson Foundation. Genetic Susceptibility to
HIV Infection. $23,740
14.
Sept 2002-Aug 2003 Principal investigator. Office of International Health (U of M). Training
of Kenyan Basic Science Medical Researchers. $1,500.
15.
*Sept 2002-Aug 06 Co-investigator. PI Amin Kabani, CRTI, The Development of Monoclonal
antibodies (MAbs) for Treatment and Detection of Bio-Terrorism Agents [BTA]. .
$575,000 per year.
Role: Responsible for the construction of a human whole immunoglobulin-containing
vector.
16.
**Jan 2003-Dec. 2004Principal investigator. Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation. The
Role of a CD4 Polymorphism in Mother to Child HIV Transmission. $155,000 per year.
17.
April 2003-Mar 08 Co-investigator. PI John Wylie, CIHR, Networks and infectious disease:
social and molecular factors affecting transmission of hepatitis C and HIV among injection
drug users. $ 120,203 per year.
Role: Responsible for determining the effects of social support on the immune response,
which constitutes approximately 1/4 of the grant’s specific objectives.
18.
Jan 2004-Dec 2004 Principal investigator. Manitoba Medical Services Foundation. Detecting
HIV disease progression sooner: the use of IgG subtypes. $12,000
19.
*April 2004-March 2008
Co-applicant. PI Francis Plummer. Canadian Foundation for
Innovation International Access Fund. Canada-Kenya International Collaboration on
Infectious Diseases Research: Building on Strengths and Enhancing Capacity for
Innovation. $3,783,643
Role:
 design phase, working with the architect and biocontainment specialists
 determining all of the equipment needs and costs for the facility
 purchase and importation of specialized equipment
 writing the 10 page budget justification portion of the grant
 a member of the team that defended the proposal in front of the CFI international expert
scientific review committee
 main liaison person with the University of Nairobi
 communication with the Deputy Vice Chancellor, Principal of the College of
Health Science, Dean of Medicine and several Department Heads from the U of N
 Chair, Design Working Group composed of key stake holders
 Member, U of N Executive Building Committee
Keith R. Fowke


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hiring of key personnel outlined in proposal including a Laboratory Director
review of building progress
20.
April 2004-March 2009 Co-investigator. PI Francis Plummer. National Institutes of Health.
Immunogenetic and Immunoregulatory Basis for Mucosal Immune Responses to HIV-1 in
Highly Exposed Uninfected Sex Workers. $398,444/year.
Role: Rresponsible for supervising FACS analyses from mucosal and PBMC samples and
studies of CD4+ T cells.
21.
April 2004-March 2005. Principal investigator. CIHR. The Role of Immune Activation and
CD4 Gene Polymorphisms in an HIV Seroconversion Cohort from Kisumu, Kenya.
$83,000.
22.
Sept 2004-Aug 2010. Co-investigator. CDC – Presidential Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief. A
proposal for antiretroviral therapy delivery in two long-standing research cohorts in
Nairobi, Kenya. Anti-retroviral drugs and $130,000.
Role: One of the investigators whose research involves these cohorts.
23.
April 2005-March 2008. Principal investigator. CIHR. HIV resistance: A model of effective
CD4+ T cell memory. $71,000/yr
24.
July 2005-Oct 2010. Co-investigator. Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation: Grand Challenges in
Global Health program. Comprehensive Studies of HIV Resistance in Highly-Exposed
Uninfected Women. $2,000,000/yr
Role: Coordination of immunological studies and lead investigator on T cell phenotyping,
epitope mapping, mucosal antibody detection and surrogate immunogen studies
25.
Aug 2005-July 2006. Principal investigator. Canadian Foundation for AIDS Research.
Molecular mechanisms of a CD4 gene polymorphism associated with HIV disease
progression. $80,000.
Keith R. Fowke
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IX. PUBLICATIONS:
(Fowke Lab trainees)
1.
Dawood MR, Allan R, FOWKE KR, Embree J, Hammond GW. Development of oligonucleotide
primers and probes against structural and regulatory genes of human immunodeficiency virus type
1 (HIV-1) and their use for amplification of HIV-1 provirus by using polymerase chain reaction. J
Clin Microbiol 1992;30:2279-2283.
2.
FOWKE KR, Plummer FA, Simonsen JN. Genetic analysis of human genomic DNA recovered
from minute amounts of serum or plasma. J Immunol Meth 1995;180:45-51.
3.
Nath A, Hartloper V, Furer M, FOWKE KR. Infection of human fetal astrocytes with HIV-1:
Viral tropism and the role of cell to cell contract in viral transmission. J Neuropath Exp Neurol
1995; 54:320-330.
4.
FOWKE KR, Nagelkerke NJD, Kimani J, Simonsen JN, Anzala AO, Bwayo J, MacDonald KS,
Ngugi EN, Plummer FA. Resistance to HIV-1 infection among prostitutes. Lancet 1996;
348:1347-51.
5.
FOWKE KR, D’Amico R, Chernoff DN, Pottage J, Bensen C, Sha B, Kessler HA, Landay AL,
Shearer GM. Immunologic and virologic evaluation after influenza vaccination of HIV-1 infected
patients. AIDS 1997; 11:1013-1021.
6.
Simonsen JN, FOWKE KR, MacDonald KS and Plummer FA. HIV Pathogenesis: Epidemiology
and mechanisms of susceptibility and disease progression. Current Opinion in Microbiology 1998,
1:423-429.
7.
FOWKE KR, Dong T, Rowland-Jones SL, Oyugi J, Rutherford WJ, Kimani J, Krausa P, Bwayo
J, Simonsen JN, Shearer GM, Plummer FA. HIV-1 resistance in Kenyan sex workers is not
associated with altered cellular susceptibility to HIV-1 infection or enhanced chemokine
production. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 1998, 14:1521-1530.
8.
Rowland-Jones SL, Dong T, FOWKE KR, Kimani J, Krausa P, Newell H, Blanchard T, Ariyoshi
K, Oyugi J, Ngugi E, Bwayo J, MacDonald KS, McMichael AJ, and Plummer FA. Cytotoxic Tcell responses to multiple conserved HIV epitopes in HIV-resistant prostitutes in Nairobi. Journal
of Clinical Investigation 1998, 102:1758-65.
9.
Chougnet C, FOWKE KR, Mueller BU, Smith S, Zuckerman J, Jankelevitch S, Steinberg S,
Luban N, Pizzo PA, Shearer GM. Protease inhibitor and triple-drug therapy: cellular immune
parameters are not restored in pediatric AIDS patients after 6 months of treatment. AIDS 1998,
12:1-10.
10.
Plummer FA, Ball TB, Kimani J and FOWKE KR. Resistance to HIV-1 infection among highly
exposed sex workers in Nairobi: What mediates protection and why does it develop? Immunology
Letters 1999, 66:27-34.
Keith R. Fowke
Page 14
11.
Pinto LA, Berzofsky JA, FOWKE KR, Little RA, Merced-Galindez F, Humphrey R, Ahlers J,
Dunlop N, Nara P, Shearer GM, Yarchoan R. HIV-specific immunity following immunization
with HIV synthetic envelope peptides in asymptomatic HIV-infected patients. AIDS 1999,
13:2003-2012.
12.
MacDonald KS, FOWKE KR, Kimani J, Dunand VA, Nagelkerke NJD, Ball TB, Oyugi J, Njagi
E, Gaur L, Brunham RB, Wade J, Rowland-Jones S, Ngugi E, Bwayo J, Plummer FA. Influence of
HLA supertypes on susceptibility and resistance to human immunodeficiency virus type 1
infection. J Infect Dis 2000; 181: 1581-9.
13.
FOWKE KR, Behnke J, Hanson C, Shea K and Cosentino LM. Apoptosis: A method of
evaluating whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cell cryopreservation. J. Imm. Methods
2000, 244:139-44.
14.
Kashiwada, Y, Chiyo J, Ikeshiro Y, Nagao T, Okabe H, Cosentino LM, FOWKE K, MorrisNatschke SL, and Lee KH. Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of 3-alkylamido-3-deoxy-betulinic acid
derivatives. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2000, 48:1387
15.
FOWKE KR, Kaul R, Rosenthal KL, Oyugi J, Kimani J, Rutherford WJ, Nagelkerke NJD, Ball
TB, Bwayo J, Simonsen JN, Shearer GM, Plummer FA. HIV-1 specific cellular immune
responses among HIV-1 resistant sex workers. Immunology and Cell Biology, 2000, 78:586-95.
16.
Chougnet C, Jankelevich, S, FOWKE KR, Liewehr DJ, Steinberg SM, Mueller BU, Pizzo PA,
Yarchoan R, and Shearer GM. Long-term protease inhibitor containing-therapy results in limited
improvement in T-cell function but not restoration of interleukin-12 production in pediatric AIDS
patients. J Infect Dis. 2001, 184:201-5.
17.
Kashiwada Y, Chiyo J, Ikeshiro Y, Nagao T, Okabe H, Cosentino LM, FOWKE K, Lee KH.
3,28-Di-O-(dimethylsuccinyl)-betulin isomers as anti-HIV agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett.
2001,11:183-5.
18.
Kashiwada Y, Yamazaki K, Ikeshiro Y, Yamagishi T, Fujioka T, Mihashi K, Mizuki K, Cosentino
LM, FOWKE K, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH. Isolation of rhododaurichromanic acid B and the
anti-HIV principles rhododaurichromanic acid A and rhododaurichromenic acid from
Rhododendron dauricum. Tetrahedron 57 (8): 1559-1563 FEB 18 2001
19.
Kaul R, Rowland-Jones SL, Kimani J, FOWKE KR, Dong T, Kiama P, Rutherford J, Njagi E,
Mwangi F, MacDonald KS, Bwayo JJ, Plummer FA. New insights into HIV-1 specific cytotoxic
T-lymphocyte responses in exposed, persistently seronegative Kenyan sex workers. Immunol Lett
2001, 79:3-13.
20.
MacDonald KS, Matukas L, Embree JE, FOWKE K, Kimani J, Nagelkerke NJ, Oyugi J, Kiama
P, Kaul R, Luscher MA, Rowland-Jones S, Ndinya-Achola J, Ngugi E, Bwayo JJ, Plummer FA.
Human leucocyte antigen supertypes and immune susceptibility to HIV-1, implications for vaccine
design. Immunol Lett 2001 79:151-7.
Keith R. Fowke
Page 15
21.
Koesters S, Rutherford WJ, FOWKE KR. Development of a novel allo-independent HIV-1 virus
for use in immunoassays. J. Immunol Meth. 264: 69-76, 2002.
22.
Alimonti JB, Ball TB and FOWKE KR. Mechanisms of CD4+ T Lymphocyte Cell Death in
HIV/AIDS. J. Gen Virol. 2003; 84: 1649-1661 and JGV Direct on-line publication.
23.
Luo M, Kimani J, FOWKE K, Ball B, MacDonald K, Ramdahin S, Ndinya-Achola J, Njenga S,
Bwayo JB, Embree J, Plummer FA. Evolutionary implications of current HIV epidemic on the
population of Kenya, East Africa: study of population genetics by sequence-based DRB typing.
Hum Immunol. 2003; 64:S20.
24.
Mayne M, Moffatt T, Kong H, McLaren PJ, FOWKE KR, Becker KG, Namaka M, Schenck A,
Bardoni B, Bernstein CN, Melanson M CYFIP2 is highly abundant in CD4+ cells from multiple
sclerosis patients and is involved in T cell adhesion. European Journal of Immunology 2004
34:1217-27.
25.
McLaren P, Mayne M, Rosser S, Moffatt T, Becker KG, Plummer FA, FOWKE KR. Antigenspecific gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells do not reflect those of Tlymphocyte subsets. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology. 2004. 11:977-82.
26.
Shi B, Philpott SM, Weiser B, Kuiken C, Brunner C, Fang G, FOWKE KR, Plummer FA,
Rowland-Jones S, Bwayo J, Anzala AO, Kimani J, Kaul R, and Burger H. Construction of an
infectious HIV-1 molecular clone from a patient with a subtype D/C recombinant virus. AIDS
Research and Human Retroviruses. 2004; 20:1015-18.
27.
Kaul R, Rutherford WJ, Rowland-Jones SL, Kimani J, Onyango JI, FOWKE KR, MacDonald K,
Bwayo JJ, McMichael AJ, Plummer FA. Prospective associations of HIV-1 Env specific cytotoxic
T lymphocyte responses in highly-exposed, persistently seronegative Kenyan sex workers. AIDS.
2004. 18:2087-9.
28.
Koesters S, Matu L, Kiama P, Anzala O, Embree J, Plummer FA, Kimani J, FOWKE KR.
Elevation of immune activation in Kenyan women is associated with alterations in immune
function: Implications for vaccine development. J Clinical Immunology. 2004. 24:702-9.
29.
Alimonti JB, Koesters SA, Kimani J, Matu L, Wachihi C, Plummer FA and FOWKE KR. CD4+
T cell responses in HIV-exposed seronegative subjects are qualitatively distinct from those in
HIV-infected individuals. J Infect Diseases. 2005. 191:20-4.
30.
Iqbal SM, Ball TB, Kimani J, Kiama P, Thottingal P, Embree J, FOWKE KR, Plummer FA
Elevated T cell counts and RANTES expression in the genital mucosa of HIV-resistant Kenyan
sex-workers. J Infect Disease. 2005. 192:728-38.
31.
Ao Z, FOWKE KR, Cohen EA, Yao X. Contribution of the C-terminal tri-lysine regions of
human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase for efficient reverse transcription and viral DNA
nuclear import. Retrovirology. 2005, 2:62.
Keith R. Fowke
Page 16
32.
McKinnon LR, Ball TB, Kimani J, Wachihi C, Matu L, Luo M, Embree J, FOWKE KR,
Plummer FA. Cross-Clade CD8+ T-Cell Responses With a Preference for the Predominant
Circulating Clade. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2005. 40:245-249.
33.
Koesters SA, Alimonti JB, Wachichi C, Matu L, Anzala O, Kimani J, Embree JE, Plummer FA
and FOWKE KR. IL-7Rα Expression on CD4+ T Lymphocytes Decreases with HIV Disease
Progression and Inversely Correlates with Immune Activation. European J. Immunology. 2006.
36:336-44.
34.
Alimonti JB, Kimani J, Matu L, Wachihi C, Kaul R, Plummer FA and FOWKE KR.
Characterization of CD8+ T cell responses in HIV-1 exposed seronegative commercial sex workers
from Nairobi, Kenya. In Press in Immunology and Cell Biology.
Manuscripts Submitted or In Preparation:
1. Vouriot FCM, Wayne S, Bellas J, Plummer FA, Simonsen JN and FOWKE KR. A single
nucleotide polymorphism in the CD4 gene is associated with shorter time to HIV seroconversion
and more rapid CD4+ T-cell decline in HIV-infected Kenyan commercial sex workers. Submitted
to AIDS (under revision).
2. Tuff JF, Luo M, Vouriot FCM, Kimani J, Wachihi C, Plummer FA, FOWKE KR. Novel CD4
polymorphisms in the Pumwani Sex Worker cohort revealed by partial gene sequencing. In
Preparation.
3. Vouriot FCM, Wayne S, Embree JE, Plummer FA, and FOWKE KR. A single nucleotide
polymorphism in the CD4 gene is associated with breast milk transmission of HIV. In Preparation
4.
Luo M, Kimani J, Ball TB, FOWKE KR, MacDonald K, Ndinya-Achola J, Njenga S, Bwayo JB,
Ramdahin S, Bielawny T, Maranan L, Tuff J, Thavaneswaran S, Narayansingh MJ, Rutherford
WJ, Slanley L, Embree J and Plummer FA. Resistance to HIV Infection - Heterozygotes
Advantage and Evolution of HLA. In Preparation.
5. McKinnon LR, Ball TB,Wachihi C, Stuart T, Kassum S, Luo M, FOWKE KR, Plummer FA.
Epitope Cross-Reactivity Frequently Differs Between Central Memory and Effector HIV-Specific
CD8+ T Cells. In Preparation
Keith R. Fowke
Page 17
X. ABSTRACTS:
(Fowke Lab trainees)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Dawood M, FOWKE KR, Plummer F, Hammond G. Detection of HIV-1 by the amplification of specific regions of
regulatory and structural genes using the polymerase chain reaction. Canadian Society of Microbiologists, Laval,
Quebec, June 11-15, 1989. Abstract #GM4.
FOWKE KR, Mohammed Z, Plummer F. The detection of HIV sequences in lymphocyte DNA from African specimens
by the polymerase chain reaction. 3rd Annual Student Research Awards Day, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg,
Manitoba, June 7, 1990.
FOWKE KR, Mohammed Z, Plummer F. Detection of HIV sequences in lymphocyte DNA from African specimens by
the polymerase chain reaction. 5th International Conference on AIDS in Africa, Kinshasa, Zaire, October 10-12,
1990. Abstract #F.P.C. 29.
Dawood M, Allan R, FOWKE KR, Hammond G. Development of oligonucleotide primers and probes for amplification
of African and North American strains of HIV-1 genome using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). 7th International
Conference on AIDS, Florence, Italy, June 16-21, 1991. Abstract #MA 1112.
FOWKE KR, Simonsen JN, Plummer FA. Heterogeneity in human susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. International
Symposium on Sexually Transmitted Diseases/5th Annual Student Research Awards Day, University of Manitoba,
Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, June 5, 1992.
FOWKE KR, Anzala O, Simonsen JN, Nagelkerke NJD, Ngugi EN, Plummer FA. Heterogeneity in susceptibility to
HIV-1 in continuously exposed prostitutes. VIII International Conference on AIDS/III STD World Congress,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands, July 19-24, 1992. Abstract #PoC 4026.
Plummer FA, FOWKE KR, Simonsen JN. Heterogeneity in susceptibility HIV-1. Laboratory of Tumour Cell Biology
Annual Meeting, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, August 8-15, 1992.
Nath A, Hartloper V, Furer M, FOWKE KR. Susceptibility and cytopathicity of HIV infection in human microglia and
astrocytes. American Neurological Association, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, October 19, 1992. Abstract #127.
Simonsen JN, FOWKE KR, Nagelkerke NJD, Anzala AO, Emonyi W, Bwayo J, Ngugi EN, Plummer FA. Evidence for
resistance to HIV-1 among continuously exposed prostitutes. Research Conference on Immunologic and Host
Genetic Resistance to HIV Infection and Disease, Bethesda, MD, February 25-27, 1993.
FOWKE KR, Nagelkerke NJD, Simonsen JN, Anzala AO, Emonyi W, Bwayo J, Ngugi EN, Plummer FA. Evidence for
resistance to HIV-1 among continuously exposed prostitutes. 1993 Keystone Symposia on Frontiers in HIV
Pathogenesis, Albuquerque, NM, March 30-April 4, 1993. Abstract #Q215.
FOWKE KR, Nagelkerke NJD, Simonsen JN, Anzala AO, Emonyi W, Bwayo J, Ngugi EN, Plummer FA. Evidence for
resistance to HIV-1 among continuously exposed prostitutes. NIH AIDS Postdoctoral Fellows Meeting, Albuquerque,
NM, March 28-April 4, 1993.
Plummer FA, FOWKE KR, Nagelkerke NJD, Simonsen JN, Bwayo J, Ngugi E, et al. Evidence of resistance to HIV
among continuously exposed prostitutes in Nairobi, Kenya. 9th International Conference on AIDS/4th STD World
Congress, Berlin, Germany, June 7-11, 1993. Abstract WS-A07-3.
Qureshi ST, FOWKE KR, Plummer FA, Simonsen JN. Oligonucleotide typing of a class II locus: Allelic variation.
Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada/The Canadian Society for Clinical Investigation Annual
Meeting, Vancouver, BC, September 10-13, 1993
FOWKE KR, Nagelkerke NJD, Simonsen JN, Anzala AO, Emonyi W, Bwayo J, Ngugi EN, Plummer FA. Evidence for
resistance to HIV-1 in prostitutes and sequence analysis of their CD4 cDNA's. 5th Annual Student Research Awards
Day, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, June 2, 1993.
Plummer FA, FOWKE KR, Simonsen JN. Resistance to HIV-1 among continuously exposed prostitutes in Nairobi.
Laboratory of Tumour Cell Biology Annual Meeting, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, August 2-7, 1993.
Simonsen JN, FOWKE KR, Nagelkerke NJD, Anzala AO, Emonyi W, Bwayo J, Ngugi EN, Plummer FA. Resistance to
HIV-1 among continuously exposed prostitutes. Meeting of the IOM Round table for the Development of Drugs and
Vaccines Against AIDS, Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC, USA, December 10,
1993.
FOWKE KR, Slaney LA, Simonsen JN, Nagelkerke NJD, Nath A, Anzala AO, Oyugi J, Plummer FA. HIV-1 resistant
prostitutes: An innate mechanism? First National Conference on Human Retroviruses and Related Infections,
Washington, DC, December 12-16, 1993. Paper #153.
FOWKE KR, Slaney LA, Simonsen JN, Nagelkerke NJD, Nath A, Anzala AO, Oyugi J, Plummer FA. HIV-1 resistant
prostitutes: An innate or acquired mechanism? Canadian Society for Immunology Meeting, Le Chantecler - SainteAdele, Quebec, March 11-14, 1994.
Keith R. Fowke
Page 18
19. FOWKE KR, Slaney LA, Simonsen JN, Nagelkerke NJD, Nath A, Anzala AO, Oyugi J, Plummer FA. HIV-1 resistant
prostitutes are not protected through an innate mechanism. Canadian Association for HIV Research - Fourth Annual
Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research, Toronto, ON, June 1-3, 1994.
20. FOWKE KR, Kimani J, Nagelkerke NJD, Simonsen JN, Bwayo J, Oyugi J, McKenna R, Ngugi EN, Plummer FA.
Resistance to HIV-1 infection among highly exposed prostitutes. 1994 Annual Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology
Meeting, Bethesda, MD, September 25-October 1, 1994.
21. MacDonald KS, Nghiem MP, Wade JA, FOWKE KR, Oyugi J, Bwayo J, Barber BH, Plummer FA. A novel Class I
MHC determinant is expressed in an HIV-1 exposed but uninfected Kenyan prostitute [Abstract 133P]. 5th Annual
Conference on HIV/AIDS Research, Winnipeg, MB, June 8-11, 1995; Can J Infect Dis 1995;6(Suppl. B):16B.
22. FOWKE KR, Rutherford J, Ball B, Rosenthal K, Kimani J, Simonsen JN, Bwayo J, Ngugi E, Plummer FA. Cellular
immune responses correlate with protection against HIV-1 among women resistant to infection [Abstract 138]. 5th
Annual Conference on HIV/AIDS Research, Winnipeg, MB, June 8-11, 1995; Can J Infect Dis 1995;6(Suppl. B):8B.
23. Plummer FA, FOWKE KR, Kimani J, Nagelkerke NJD, MacDonald KS, Simonsen JN, Bwayo JJ, Ngugi EN. Mechanism
of resistance to HIV-1 infection among highly exposed prostitutes in Nairobi [Abstract 0586]. 19th International
Congress of Chemotherapy, Montreal, PQ, July 16-21, 1995; Can J Infect Dis 1995;6(Suppl. C):279C.
24. Plummer FA, FOWKE KR, Rutherford J, Ball B, Rosenthal K, Kimani J, Simonsen JN, Bwayo J, Ngugi E. Cellular
immune responses correlate with protection against HIV-1 among women resistant to infection. IXth International
Conference on AIDS and STD in Africa, Kampala, Uganda, December 10-14, 1995. Abstract WeA189, p. 140.
25. Plummer FA, Simonsen JN, FOWKE KR, MacDonald KS, Kimani J, Anzala O, Ngugi E. Epidemiology and
immunogenetic studies of highly exposed, commercial sex workers. 7th International Congress for Infectious
Diseases, Hong Kong, June 10-13, 1996.
26. D'Amico R, FOWKE KR, Chernof DN, Pottage J, Benson C, Sha B, Landay AL, Shearer GM, Kessler HA.
Virologic/immunologic effects of influenza immunization on HIV-1 infected patients. Infectious Diseases Society of
America 34th Annual Meeting, 1996.
27. Chougnet C, FOWKE KR, Mueller BU, Smith S, Deutsch P, Pizzo PA, Shearer GM. Changes in IL-12 production in a
phase I/II study of the protease inhibitor indinavir (MK-0639) of HIV-1 infected children. XI International
Conference on AIDS, Vancouver, Canada, July 7-12, 1996 Abstract # Mo.B.1319.
28. FOWKE KR, D’Aimicom R, Chernof DN, Pottage J, Benson C, Sha B, Kessler HA, Landay AL, Shearer GM.
Immunologic and virologic evaluation of influenza vaccination of HIV-1 infected patients.
XI International
Conference on AIDS, Vancouver, Canada, July 7-12, 1996 Abstract # Tu. A.385.
29. FOWKE KR, Rutherford WJ, Ball TB, Oyugi J, Kimani J, Bwayo JJ, Plummer FA, Shearer GM. Correlates of protection
within a group of Nairobi prostitutes resistant to HIV-1 infection. Sixth Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS
Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, May 22-25, 1997.
30. Kaul R, FOWKE K, Njagi E, MacDonald K, Nagelkerke N, Bwayo J, Plummer F. Correlates of HIV-1 specific cellular
responses in HIV-seronegative Kenyan prostitutes. Sixth Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research,
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, May 22-25, 1997.
31. Humphrey RW, Pinto LA, FOWKE K, Merced-Galindez F, Ahlers JD, Little R, Dunlop N, Pendleton CD, Kohler DR,
Nara P, Shearer GM, Berzofsky JA, Yarchoan R. A Phase I protocol for the evaluation of the safety and
immunogenicity of vaccination with synthetic HIV envelope peptides in patients (pts) with early HIV: a preliminary
report. Institute of Human Virology Annual Meeting, Baltimore MD, Sept 15-21, 1997.
32. FOWKE KR, Oyugi J, Rutherford WJ, Kimani J, Bwayo JJ, Plummer FA and Shearer GM. In vitro cellular susceptibility
to HIV-1 infection among HIV-1 resistant Nairobi prostitutes. Institute of Human Virology Annual Meeting,
Baltimore MD, Sept 15-21, 1997, Abstract #194.
33. Kaul R, FOWKE KR, Njagi E, Rutherford WJ, MacDonald KS, Onyango I, Bwayo JJ and Plummer FA. HIV-1 specific
cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in uninfected Kenyan prostitutes: behavioural and immunologic correlates. Twelfth
World AIDS Conference. June 28-July 3 1998, Geneva, Switzerland.
34. Pinto LA, FOWKE KR, Pericle F, Hicks S, Visintini A, Dolan MJ, Segal DM, Shearer GM. Reduction of STAT protein
expression in T cells from HIV-infected individuals. 1998 Meeting of the Institute of Human Virology Meeting,
August 23-29, 1998, Baltimore, Maryland.
35. FOWKE KR, Kaul R, Oyugi J, Kimani J,Rutherford WJ, Ball TB, Bwayo JJ, Plummer FA and Shearer GM. Immune
Correlates of Protection Among HIV-1 Resistant Sex Workers. National Institutes of Health Immunology Interest
Group Retreat, Oct. 26-28 1998, Airlie House, VA.
36. Pinto LA, FOWKE KR, Pericle F, Hicks S, Dolan MJ, Segal DM, Shearer GM. STAT protein expression in T cells from
HIV-infected individuals. National Institutes of Health Immunology Interest Group Retreat, Oct. 26-28 1998, Airlie
House, VA.
Keith R. Fowke
Page 19
37. Pluda JM, Wyvill K, Little R, Lietzau J, Shearer GM, Tosato G, Feigal E, Chougnet C, FOWKE KR, Yarchoan R.
Preliminary results of a pilot study on the administration of interleukin 12 (IL-12) to patients with AIDS-associated
Kaposi’s Sarcoma. 1999 Meeting of the Institute of Human Virology, August 28-Sept 2, 1999, Baltimore, Maryland.
Abstract #120.
38. McLaren P, Ball TB, Kimani J, Plummer FA, FOWKE KR. The Human Microsatellite Marker D5S1984 is Association
with Resistance to HIV-1 in Kenyan Commercial Sex Workers. Canadian Society for Microbiology Annual Meeting
June 11-14 2000, Winnipeg, Manitoba Abstract #GMp20.
39. Mao X-J, Bullard J, Ramdahin S and FOWKE KR. Development of an African Clade-optimized Quantitative Assay for
HIV RNA Viral Load Determinations. Canadian Association for HIV Research Annual Meeting, May 31-June 3,
2001, Toronto, Canada.
40. Koesters S and FOWKE KR. Development of a Novel Allo-independent Whole Virus Antigen for HIV Immunoassays.
Canadian Association for HIV Research Annual Meeting, May 31-June 3, 2001, Toronto, Canada. Abstract #162P.
41. McLaren PJ, Plummer FA, FOWKE KR. Resistance to HIV: The Analysis of Gene Expression. University of Manitoba
Research Day June 8, 2001, Winnipeg , Manitoba Abstract #64.
42. Koesters S, Rutherford WJ and FOWKE KR. Production of HLA-free virions for use as whole viral antigens in
immunoassays. University of Manitoba, Faculty of Medicine, Research Days 2001, Winnipeg, Manitoba, June 7, 2001,
Abstract #35.
43. McLaren PJ, Mayne M, Plummer FA and FOWKE KR. Kinetics of HIV-1 Specific Immune Gene Expression in CD4+
Cells in an HIV Infected Individual. Canadian Association for HIV Research Annual Meeting April 25-28 2002,
Winnipeg, Canada. Oral Abstract #124
44. Koesters S, Tipples G, Gray M and FOWKE KR. Active HHV-6 Infection Does Not Correlate with HIV Disease
Progression in a Kenyan Commercial Sexworker Cohort. Canadian Association for HIV Research Annual Meeting
April 25-28 2002, Winnipeg, Canada. Abstract #134P.
45. Bellas J, Wayne S, Ball TB*, Embree JE, and FOWKE KR. A polymorphism of the CD4 molecule is associated with
increased risk of HIV infection. Canadian Association for HIV Research Annual Meeting April 25-28 2002,
Winnipeg, Canada.
46. Iqbal SM, Ball TB, Kiama P, Kimani J, FOWKE KR and Plummer FA. Alterations in the t-cell population of the cervical
mucosa in HIV-resistant sex workers. Canadian Association for HIV Research Annual Meeting April 10-14 2003,
Halifax, Canada.
47. McKinnon LR, Ball TB, Patenaude A, Rosser S, FOWKE KR and Plummer FA. Prevalence of CD8+ T cell responses to
African clades of HIV-1 env amongst HIV+ individuals from Winnipeg, MB. Canadian Association for HIV Research
Annual Meeting April 10-14 2003, Halifax, Canada.
48. Luo M, Kimani J, FOWKE KR, Ball TB, MacDonald KM, Ramdahin S, Ndinya-Achola J, Njenga S, Bwayo JB,
Thavaneswaran S, Narayansingh MJ, Iqbal S, Embree J and Plummer FA. Evolutionary Implications of Current HIV
Epidemic on the Population of Kenya, East Africa : study of population genetics by high resolution sequence-based
HLA Class I and Class II typing. Canadian Association for HIV Research Annual Meeting April 10-14 2003, Halifax,
Canada.
49. Koesters S, Matu L, Kiama P, Kimani J and FOWKE KR Immune Activation in Distinct Populations: Implications for
Vaccine Efficacy. Canadian Association for HIV Research Annual Meeting April 10-14 2003, Halifax, Canada. Oral
Abstract #128
50. Vouriot FCM, Wayne S, Bellas J, Embree JE, Plummer FA and FOWKE KR. The Role of a CD4 Polymorphism in
Mother to Child HIV Transmission. Canadian Association for HIV Research Annual Meeting April 10-14 2003,
Halifax, Canada.
51. Alimonti JB, Kimani J and FOWKE KR. Determination of CD4+ T Lymphocyte HIV-1 p24 Epitope Specificity in HIV
Resistance. Canadian Association for HIV Research Annual Meeting April 10-14 2003, Halifax, Canada.
52. McLaren PJ, Mayne M, Matu L, Kiama P, Kimani J, Plummer FA and FOWKE KR. Gene Expression Analysis of p24specific CD4+ T-cell Responses in HIV Resistant Commercial Sex Workers. Canadian Association for HIV Research
Annual Meeting April 10-14 2003, Halifax, Canada. Oral Abstract #143P.
53. Koesters S, Matu L, Kiama P, Kimani J, and FOWKE KR. Immune Activation in Distinct Populations: Implications for
Vaccine Efficacy. Canadian Student Health Research Forum Manitoba Health Research Poster Competition. May 13,
2003, Winnipeg, Canada, Abstract # 56. Canadian Student Health Research Forum: Manitoba Health Research
Poster Competition Award
54. McLaren PJ, Mayne M, Matu L, Kimani J, Danesh A, Kelvin DJ, Plummer FA, FOWKE KR. Immune Profiling of HIV-1
Resistant Commercial Sex Workers. Canadian Student Research Health Forum, 2004 June 7-9, Winnipeg, Manitoba
Abstract #68
55. Vouriot FCM, Wayne S, Bellas,J, Embree JE, Plummer FA and FOWKE KR. The Effect of a CD4 Polymorphism on the
Mother to Child Transmission of HIV. Canadian Student Health Research Forum May 13, June 2003, Winnipeg,
Keith R. Fowke
Page 20
Canada.
56. McLaren PJ, Mayne M, Matu L, Kimani J, Plummer FA, FOWKE KR. An Inducible Pattern of Gene Expression in HIV
Resistant Commercial Sex Workers. Canadian Network for Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics (CANVAC) Annual
General Meeting, 2003 June 5-8, St. Adèle Quebec. Trainee Oral Presentation #6.
57. Alimonti JB, Kimani J, Matu L, Mwenga C, Plummer FA and FOWKE KR. HIV-1 Resistant Commercial Sex Workers
have a HIV-specific CD4+ T cell Response. Molecular Mechanisms of HIV Pathogenesis Keystone Symposia, April
12-18, 2004 Whistler, B.C.
58. Vouriot FCM, Wayne S, Luo M, Bellas J, Kimani J, Ball TB, Elliott L, Simonsen JN, Plummer FA and FOWKE KR. A
CD4 polymorphism is associated with altered HIV-1 disease progression in Kenyan women. Keystone Symposia
Molecular Mechanisms of HIV Pathogenesis April 12-18 2004, Whistler, Canada.
59. Luo M, Kimani J, FOWKE KR, Ball B, MacDonald K, Ndinya-Achola J, Njenga S, Bwayo JB, Ramdahin S, Maranan L,
Bielawny T, Tuff J, Thavaneswaran S, Narayansingh MJ, Rutherford J, Slanley L, Embree J, Plummer FA.
Resistance to HIV Infection- Heterozygotes Advantage and Evolution of HLA Molecular Mechanisms of HIV
Pathogenesis Keystone Symposia, April 12-18, 2004 Whistler, B.C.
60. Koesters SA, Wachichi C, Matu L, Kimani J, Embree J, Plummer FA, and FOWKE KR. Decreased Expression of IL-7R
is Associated with HIV Disease Progression. Canadian Student Health Research Forum Manitoba Health Research
Poster Competition. June 8, 2004, Winnipeg, Canada, Abstract # 76. Canadian Student Health Research Forum:
Manitoba Health Research Poster Competition Award
61. McLaren PJ , Mayne M, Matu L, Kimani J, Danesh A, Kelvin DJ, Plummer FA and FOWKE KR. Immune Profiling of
HIV-1 Resistant Commercial Sex Workers. Canadian Student Health Research Forum June 7-9 2004 Winnipeg,
Canada. Abstract #68. Received Manitoba Medical Services Foundation award for excellence.
62. Vouriot FCM, Wayne S, Luo M, Bellas J, Kimani J, Ball TB, Elliott, L., Simonsen JN, Plummer FA and FOWKE KR. A
CD4 polymorphism is associated with altered HIV-1 disease progression in Kenyan women. Canadian Student Health
Research Forum May 2004, Winnipeg, Canada. Winner of Faculty of Medicine Manitoban Poster Prize
63. Luo M, Kimani J, FOWKE KR, Ball B, MacDonald K, Ramdahin S, Ndinya-Achola J, Njenga S, Bwayo JB, , Maranan L,
Bielawny T, Tuff J, Thavaneswaran S, Narayansingh MJ, Rutherford J, Slanley L, Embree J, Plummer FA.
Evolutionary Implications of Current HIV Epidemic on the Population of Kenya, East Africa : study of population
genetics by high resolution sequence-based HLA Class I and Class II typing. Canadian Association for HIV
Research, June 2004, Montreal, Canada.
64. McLaren PJ, Mayne M, Matu L, Kimani J, Danesh A, Kelvin DJ, Plummer FA, FOWKE KR. HIV Resistant Commercial
Sex Workers Show Reduced Levels of Key Immune Mediators Ex Vivo. Canadian Network for Vaccines and
Immunotherapeutics (CANVAC) Annual General Meeting, 2004 November 18-21, Saint Saveur, Quebec. Abstract
#46
65. Iqbal SM, Ball TB, Wachihi C, Kimani J, Kiama P, Embree JE, FOWKE KR, Plummer FA. Characterization of the
genital mucosa of HIV resistant sex workers reveal increased CD4+ T cells, RANTES levels and a number of
potential biomarkers by proteomics analysis. Keystone HIV Pathogenesis Meeting. Banff 2005.
66. Koesters SA, Matu L, Kiama P, Kimani J and FOWKE KR. Elevated immune activation in Kenyan women is associated
with alterations in immune function: Implications for HIV vaccine development. Keystone Symposia on HIV
pathogenesis and Vaccines. Banff, Alberta, April 9-15, 2005. Abstract # 238
67. Z-j Ao, K.R. FOWKE, E.A. Cohen, and X-J Yao. Contribution of the C-terminal tri-lysine regions of HIV-1 integrase for
efficient reverse transcription and viral DNA nuclear import: 14th Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS
Research. Hyatt Regency Hotel, Vancouver, BC, Canada May 12-15, 2005.
68. Koesters SA, Wachichi C, Matu L, Kimani J, Embree J, Plummer FA and FOWKE KR. IL-7R expression on T
lymphocytes decreases with HIV disease progression and inversely correlates with immune activation. Canadian
Association for HIV Research, Vancouver, British Columbia, May 12-15, 2005. Oral Abstract # 56
69. McLaren PJ, Mayne M, Matu L, Kimani J, Danesh A, Kelvin DJ, Plummer FA, FOWKE KR. Immune Monitoring of HIV
Resistant Commercial Sex Workers Shows Repressed Cytokine Levels Ex Vivo. Thirteenth Annual Conference on
HIV/AIDS Research, CAHR 2005 May 12-15, Vancouver, British Columbia Oral Abstract #137
70. Z-j Ao, K.R. FOWKE, E.A. Cohen, and X-J Yao. Contribution of the C-terminal tri-lysine regions of HIV-1 integrase for
efficient reverse transcription and viral DNA nuclear import: International Urtary Tract Infection Synposium,
Winnipeg. June 10, 2005.
71. Koesters SA, Alimonti JB, Wachichi C, Matu L, Anzala AO, Kimani J, Embree JE, Plummer FA and FOWKE KR. IL7R expression on CD4+ T lymphocytes decreases with HIV disease progression and inversely correlates with
immune activation. AIDS Vaccine Conference 2005 Montreal Sept 6-9, 2005. Abstract #831P.
72. Card CM and FOWKE KR. Role of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells in limiting antigen-specific responses in HIVinfected patients. 2005 International Centere for Infectious Diseases Research and Innovation Retreat. Oct 28-29,
2005. Winnipeg, MB.
Keith R. Fowke
Page 21
73. Card CM, Koesters SA, FOWKE KR and Plummer FA. Characterization of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells in a group of
HIV-resistant commercial sex workers. Public Health Agency of Canada Research Forum. March 20-21, 2006.
Winnipeg, MB.
74. McLaren PJ, Mayne M, Matu L, Kimani J, Plummer FA, FOWKE KR. Microarray analysis reveals high levels of CD4+ T
cell dysfunction in asymptomatic HIV infected individuals. First Annual Public Health Agency of Canada Research
Forum. 2006 March 13-14, Winnipeg, Manitoba. Abstract #64
75. Koesters SA, Alimonti JB, Wachihi C, Matu L, Anzala O, Kimani J, Embree JE, Plummer FA and FOWKE KR. IL-7R
expression on CD4+ T lymphocytes decreases with HIV disease progression and inversely correlates with immune
activation. Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) Research Forum, Winnipeg, Manitoba, March 20-21, 2006,
Poster # 57.
76. Keynan Y, Koesters S, Card C, Li Y, Kimani J, Plummer FA and FOWKE KR. Measuring the Immune response to
Influenza vaccine using multiparametric flow-cytometry based technologies. Public Health Agency of Canada
(PHAC) Research Forum, Winnipeg, Manitoba, March 20-21, 2006.
77. McKinnon LR, Ball TB, Stuart T, Wachihi C, Kamene J, Anzala O, Maingi A, Chinga N, Luo M, FOWKE KR, Plummer
FA. Variant HIV epitopes: immunological relevance for HIV-specific CD8+ T cell proliferative responses?
Keystone HIV Vaccines X6. March 26-April 2, 2006 Keystone, CO.
78. Koesters SA, Alimonti JB, Wachihi C, Matu L, Anzala O, Kimani J, Embree JE, Plummer FA and FOWKE KR.
Decreased IL-7Ra expression on CD4+ T lymphocytes in HIV disease inversely correlates with immune activation.
Keystone Symposia on HIV pathogenesis and Vaccines, Keystone Resort, Keystone, Colorado, March 27-April 2,
2006, Poster # 241
79. McKinnon LR, Ball TB, Wachihi C, FOWKE KR, Plummer FA. Epitope mapping HIV-specific CD8+ T cell responses in
a Kenyan cohort. 15th Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research (CAHR). May 25-28, 2006. Quebec
City, Quebec.
80. Card CM, Koesters SA, FOWKE KR. Role of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells in susceptibility to HIV infection. 15th
Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research (CAHR). May 25-28, 2006. Quebec City, Quebec
81. Keynan Y, Koesters S, Card C, Li Y, Kimani J, Plummer FA and FOWKE KR. Intranasal cold-adapted, attenuated
trivalent influenza vaccine challenge in HIV resistant commercial sex workers. 15th Annual Canadian Conference on
HIV/AIDS Research (CAHR). May 25-28, 2006. Quebec City, Quebec
Keith R. Fowke
Page 22
XI. INVITED TALKS:
1. Heterogeneity in human susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. International Symposium on Sexually
Transmitted Diseases/5th Annual Student Research Awards Day, University of Manitoba,
Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, June 5, 1992.
2. HIV-1 infection and the effects on Sub-Saharan Africa. Optimists Club dinner speaker Assinaboine Chapter, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, April 12, 1993.
3. Resistance to HIV infection in a cohort of Kenyan prostitutes. Molecular Virology and
Immunology Program Seminar Series, Department of Pathology, McMaster University, Hamilton,
ON, September 28, 1993.
4. Resistance to HIV infection among commercial sex workers. National Institutes of Health
Postdoctoral Immunology Interest Group seminar series. Bethesda, Maryland, Sept. 29, 1995.
5. The role of activation-induced cell death in HIV resistance and disease progression: A hypothesis.
Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Winnipeg, MB, November 9, 2000.
6. HIV Resistance and Disease Susceptibility. Department of Pharmacology, University of
Manitoba, Jan 11, 2002.
8. HIV disease progression and HIV resistance? Department of Immunology, University of
Manitoba, April 11, 2002.
9. Why some individuals are resistant to HIV infection? 2002 Correctional Nurses Workshop,
Winnipeg, May 3 2002.
10. The Role of Immune Activation in HIV Disease Progression. Manitoba Health Research Council
20th Anniversary Symposium. Principal Investigator Basic Science Lecture. Nov 14, 2002.
11. HIV Resistance in Kenyan Commercial Sex Workers. United Nations Association in Canada/Sage
House. Dec 4, 2002.
12. Genetic Susceptibility to HIV Infection. Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics
Lecture Series. Dec 11, 2002.
13. International Infectious Disease Research at the University of Manitoba. Orientation for
Government of Canada Foreign Service Recruits, Office of International Liaison, University of
Manitoba. April 21, 2003.
14. Natural Immunity to HIV Infection: Lessons in Experiment of Nature. Keystone Symposium on
20 Years of HIV Research. Banff, Alberta April 2, 2003.
15. The Immunology of Resistance to HIV infection. Memorial University of Newfoundland
Immunology Group Visiting Professor. Nov. 5, 2003, St. John’s Newfoundland.
16. The Viral Immunology Lab and What We Do. Kiwanis Club of East Kildonan, Feb. 23, 2004,
Winnipeg.
17. The Impact of HIV in Developing Nations. United Nations Association in Canada. Faith
Academy High School, Senior 3-4’s International Studies class. March 24, 2004.
18. The International Centre for Infectious Disease National Training Program – an Overview. Deans
for Graduate Studies, Faculties of Medicine ACMC, Winnipeg, June 10, 2004.
19. Epidemiological and molecular studies of a new genetic risk factor for HIV acquisition and disease
progression. Section of Respiratory Medicine Research in Progress Seminar Series. University of
Manitoba. Oct. 20, 2004.
20. The Quest for an HIV Vaccine: A Journey from the Interlake to Africa. Keynote address to the
Discovery Days in Medicine. Winnipeg, MB. Nov 18, 2005.
21. An HIV Vaccine: Challenges and Progress. “Celebrating Manitoba’s Global Contributions to
Infectious Disease Excellence”. Nov 30, 2005.
22. “Resistance to HIV infection: A Model of Natural Immunity to HIV Infection” Canadian Society
for Medical Laboratory Science National Congress Winnipeg May 31, 2006.
Keith R. Fowke
Page 23
XII. BIOGRAPHY:
In 1988 Dr. Fowke received his B.Sc. (H), First class, in Microbiology from the University of Manitoba
(U of M). He then initiated graduate work in the U of M’s Department of Medical Microbiology under
the direction of Drs. J. Neil Simonsen and Francis Plummer. His PhD thesis work entitled “Resistance to
HIV-1 Infection Among a Group of Continuously Exposed Women” consisted of the initial description of
HIV resistance in the Pumwani Sex Workers Cohort in Nairobi, Kenya. After receiving his Ph.D. in
1995, Dr. Fowke sought to strengthen his interest in cellular immunology through a postdoctoral
fellowship in the lab of Dr. Gene Shearer at the National Institutes of Health’s National Cancer Institute in
Bethesda, Maryland. Over the next four years Dr. Fowke’s research focused on immune dysregulation in
HIV infection. In 1999 he was recruited to BBI Biotech Research Laboratories, in Gaithersburg
Maryland, as a Project Scientist to establish an HIV cellular immunology lab for a major NIH vaccine
contract. In October 1999 Dr. Fowke was recruited to a tenure-track Assistant Professor position in the U
of M’s Department of Medical Microbiology and was promoted to Associate Professor in April 2004. Dr.
Fowke has been active in graduate level training including running the CIHR National Training Program
in Infectious Diseases. Dr. Fowke has established a vital, active research laboratory consisting of a
technician, 5 graduate students, 3 B.Sc. (Med) students and 1 postdoctoral fellow. The Viral Immunology
Laboratory is currently focusing in two major areas of research. The first is determining the
immunological phenotype and genetic expression of CD4+ T-cells HIV resistance individuals. The
second focuses on the role of immune activation and receptor polymorphisms in HIV disease progression.
For these projects the laboratory has received local, national and international funding from sources such
as the Canadian Institutes for Health Research, American and Canadian Foundations for AIDS Research,
the Elizabeth Glaser Foundation for Pediatric AIDS Research and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
Dr. Fowke’s work has been recognized through the Ken Hughes Investigator Award for Medical Research
from the University of Manitoba, the Canadian Institutes for Health Research New Investigator Award
(2005-2010) and the 2006 Winnipeg Rh Institute Foundation Award in Health Sciences Research.