Download Introducción a Performance Routing

Introducción a
Performance Routing
Mayo 14, 2009
Presentador: Ramón Romero
Systems Engineer
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Agenda
Challenge and Solution
PfR Overview
Design Considerations
Product Overview
Conclusion
Questions and Answers
Links
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What Is Cisco Performance Routing?
Cisco Performance Routing (PfR)
Performance-based adaptive routing
Application best path selection
Network problem mitigation
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Network Performance Challenge
“The Network Is Up, but Are Applications Working?”
Network availability
Internet
Blackouts
Brownouts
ISPA
Congestion
ISPD
ISPE
WAN performance
ISPB
Best path not always
best performing path
Load distribution
Over and underused links
ISPC ISPF
ISPG
MPLS
ATM
Frame Relay
Cost management
Need to control or limit transport cost
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$$$$$$$
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Application Reachability and
Performance
How to manage application reachability and
performance in the network?
Network availability
Redundant devices: HSRP
Redundant interfaces: NSF, SSO, EOT, EEM
Redundant paths: equal cost routing, MPLS
Network performance
Shortest hop/hot potato routing (BGP, RIP, etc.)
Least cost routing (OSPF, EIGRP, etc.)
MPLS TE, MTR, queuing, etc.
Necessary…but not sufficient
Is application reachable ?
Is application performing ?
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Enterprise WAN Challenge
Two Paths
Two Providers
WAN Availability
E-Mail
MPLS
Headquarters
Branch
Office
ATM
FR
Internet VPN
But, Are the Applications
Performing Adequately?
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Small Office
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Internet Presence Challenge
Multiple ISPs
Internet Availability
Online banking
E-mail hosting
Online ticketing
Instant messaging
Online catalog
www.foo.com
News/weather
Internet voice
Application
hosting
DNS
ISP1
ISPA
ISPD
Internet
IM
ISPE
ISPB
Web
ISP2
E-Mail
ISPF
ISPG
ISPC
Online music
Online video
But, Is the User Experience
a Good One?
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Customer Problems
Soft error detection
Issue
All network destinations are reachable, yet the network is slow
Why?
Could be caused by brownouts, congestion, network device anomaly, service provider
PfR solution
Detect packet loss: report and route-around problem area
Detect excessive delay: report and reroute to lower delay path
Detect black hole routing: report and route around
Resource utilization
Issue
Under utilized circuits and equipment; management wants to leverage
all network facilities
Why?
Minimize impact of failure
Full utilization of expensive network resources; equipment and circuits
PfR solution
Detect multiple links and intelligently distribute the traffic based upon load and/or cost $
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Customer Problems
Application awareness
Issue
My application requires a very responsive network
Why?
The application is very sensitive to delay (Live Multimedia, ERP, SQL, etc.)
PfR solution
Forward different applications/services based upon advanced criteria;
delay, jitter, MOS, loss, etc.
Profile network performance
Issue
A new application is available and we’re not sure the network can accommodate the
application performance requirements
Why?
Don’t know the network traffic profile
PfR solution
Audit of the network performance including:
Applications, throughput, links available, and performance
Core Traffic Matrix view
Provide a longer term view of network capability (“future proofing”)
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How to Verify Application Performance
Is destination network reachable?
Is application reachable?
Traditional
IP Routing
Performance
Routing
Is application performing?
Are my network resource
fully utilized?
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Cisco Performance Routing (PfR)
Cisco PfR enhances routing in order to select the best
path based on user defined policy
The PfR policy can: minimize cost, efficiently distribute
traffic load, and/or select the optimum performing path
for applications
Cisco PfR enables intelligent traffic management that
can dynamically route around soft errors in the
Enterprise WAN or Internet
Cisco PfR makes adaptive routing adjustments based
on advanced criteria
Response time, packet loss, jitter, mean opinion score (MOS),
availability, traffic load, and cost $ policies
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Agenda
Challenge and Solution
PfR Overview
Design Considerations
Product Overview
Conclusion
Questions and Answers
Links
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How to Verify Application Performance?
Is prefix reachable?
Examine routing information
Is application reachable?
Application bidirectional traffic
Is application performing?
Round-trip time
One-way delay
Loss
Jitter/MOS
Throughput
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What Is It?
Learn prefixes, e.g., 172.128.0.0/16
Learn applications, e.g., 172.128.0.0/16
Port 88 DSCP EF
Learn traffic with highest throughput or delay
Automatically delete traffic if not relearned
Repeat the process periodically
Filter certain kind of traffic
to be learned
Aggregate learned applications
on user specified keys
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PfR Component Descriptions
Master Controller (MC)
Cisco IOS® software feature
Apply policy, verification, reporting
Standalone or collocated with BR
ISP1/WAN1
BR
MC
ISP2/WAN2
BR
No routing protocol required
No packet forwarding/inspection required
Border Router (BR)
Cisco IOS software feature in
forwarding router
Learn, measure, enforcement
Uses embedded Cisco IOS technologies
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Solution Topologies
Small Office
Branch Office
ISP1/WAN1
ISP1
MC/BR
MC/BR
ISP2/WAN2
WAN
BR
Headquarters/Data Centers
ISP1/WAN1
BR
ISP2/WAN2
MC
BR
Components
BR: Border Router (forwarding path)
MC: Master Controller (decision maker)
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Information Flow
MC controls all operation
Response
BR1
Issues commands to BRs
Contains traffic class/link data
MC
Command
Reports events
Reports measurements
BR2
Makes policy decisions
BR responds to MC commands
Sends responses to MC
Uses embedded Cisco IOS technology
Measures traffic class performance
Measures link performance
Enforces performance-based routing
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Learning: How Does It Work?
Here Is the List of Highest Throughput
2
Prefixes in the Last 10 Minutes
BR1
MC
1
Learn: Based on Highest Throughput
for 10 Minutes, Filter UDP Traffic
3
BR2
DB
Write Prefixes To MC Database
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Specifying PfR Traffic Classes
Traffic Class Type
Destination Prefix
ACL
Application
Example
10.0.0.0/8
20.1.1.0/24
10.1.1.0/24 dscp ef
10.1.1.0/24 dst-port 50
Well-Known
10.1.1.0/24 telnet
20.1.0.0/16 ssh
Dynamic
Recognition
10.1.1.0/24 nbar TRP
20.1.1.0/24 nbar citrix
12.4(20)T
Required: Destination Prefix
Optional: Src Pfx, Protocol, Ports, DSCP, Application ID
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Selecting “Best” Traffic Class Path
Link
Utilization
Delay (ms)
Priority 1
Jitter (ms)
Priority 2
Serial1
89%
100
30
Serial2
50%
113
30
Serial3
60%
119
32
Serial4
40%
150
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Performance Routing (PfR)
Enterprise WAN Design
Traffic Optimize by:
Reachability, Delay, Loss, Jitter,
MOS, Throughput, Load, and/or $Cost
ISP A
Headquarters
BR
ISP B
ISP C
By Default Best Path Based on
Lowest Metric, Cost, or Hops
Branch
Office
MC/BR
BR
Bottlenecks
MC
BR
MPLS or
Primary ISP
MC/BR
WAN Access Links Are Biggest
End-to-End Bottleneck
Small Office
PfR Components
BR: Border Router
MC: Master Controller
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Enterprise VPN Deployment
Optimize Voice Traffic
MOS in Policy 80 Percent of Time
Headquarters
Tunnel0
BR
ISP1
Tunnel0
MC
Internet
BR/CE
Tunnel1
Remote
Office
MC/BR
ISP2
BR/CE
Tunnel1
MOS in Policy 95 Percent of Time
Voice quality is based upon the Mean Opinion Score (MOS)
MOS is calculated with jitter, delay, and loss measurements
Cisco PfR will select the path for voice over IP (VoIP) with
highest percentage MOS
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Cisco PfR and Cisco WAAS Integration
Adaptive WAN-Optimized Network
Cisco Wide Area Application Services (WAAS) optimizes the
TCP session
Cisco PfR monitors and optimizes WAN path selection
Cisco WAAS network transparency allows individualized session
placement by Cisco PfR over best WAN path
Cisco WAE
Cisco PfR Places SQL Traffic
on Best Performing WAN Path
MPLS-VPN
Cisco WAE
BR
MC
BR
PfR Master Controller (MC)
Client and Border Router (BR)
Branch Office
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Internet
Cisco PfR Domain
Cisco Public
Servers
Cisco WAE
Data Center
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Agenda
Challenge and Solution
PfR Overview
Design Considerations
Product Overview
Conclusion
Questions and Answers
Links
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Design Questions
1. Do I have redundant WAN connections?
Internet, IPSec/GRE, MPLS, ATM, Frame Relay
Configure as PfR external interfaces
2. Which routers terminate the WAN?
These are PfR border routers
3. What routing protocols over WAN?
BGP, static covered by PfR
EIGRP, OSPF requires static route cfg
4. Which router is PfR master controller?
> 5000 prefixes, dedicated 7200 NPE-G2
Up to 5000 prefixes, dedicated 7200 or 3800 MC
For a 100s prefixes, configure MC on BR
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Design Questions
5. What policy is important?
Traffic class exit performance
Delay, loss, reachability, throughput
Jitter, MOS
Traffic class entrance performance: 12.4T
Delay, loss, reachability, throughput
External interface load distribution
Cost minimization
Backup
Path discovery
Security
Default priority is performance then load
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Design Questions
6. Determine interesting traffic by:
Configure prefix
Configure TCP/UDP port
Configure full ACL (src IP, dst port, src port)
Learn Interesting prefixes
Learn Interesting traffic classes
Learn eBGP advertised prefixes
Learn applications (audio, video, SAP, Citrix, etc.)
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SOHO/Broadband Deployment
Given Cable and DSL with NAT Overload
1.
Cable and DSL WAN interfaces
Eth8/0: PfR internal
Eth9/0: PfR external
Eth12/0: PfR external
2.
Eth9/0 Cable
ISR router terminates WAN
ISR (18xx, 28xx, 38xx,) is PfR BR
3.
Static default routing
4.
10 to 100 prefixes
Eth8/0
MC/BR
Eth12/0 DSL
ISR is also MC
12.4
5.
Performance is most important
Use PfR default policy
6.
Learn throughput to get prefixes
BR: Border Router; MC: Master Controller
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Internet Presence Deployment
1. DS3 interfaces
IM
Ser12/0, Ser13/0, etc.
2. 7600, 6500, 7200, 3800
terminates WAN
3. BGP routing
Web
BR
MC
E-mail
BR
BRs must be iBGP peers
Default routing
Partial routes
Full routes
Same PfR Configuration for All
4. 5000 prefixes
12.4
12.4T for entrance optimization
5. Customers differ on policy priority
6. Learn prefixes by throughput and delay
BR: Border Router; MC: Master Controller
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Agenda
Challenge and Solution
PfR Overview
Design Considerations
Product Overview
Conclusion
Questions and Answers
Links
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PfR Typical Scenarios
Large, medium, and small enterprises with
mission-critical Internet presence
Enterprises with redundant WAN networks
Enterprises with remote offices
Home office with dual internet connections
Remote
Office
Headquarters
Telecommuter
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OER/PfR Cisco IOS Support
Released in 12.3(8)T (May 17, 2004)
MC
12.4
Prefix optimization
12.4T
Traffic class optimization
Entrance selection
BR
Voice optimization
Application Routing
12.2(33)SRB: 7600
12.2(33)SXH: Cisco Catalyst® 6000 Series
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Cisco IOS Packaging: Routers
PfR
Advanced Enterprise Services
PfR
PfR
Advanced IP Services
Enterprise Services
PfR
Advanced Security
SP Services
Enterprise Base
IP Voice
IP Base
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PfR Platform Support
Cisco
Catalyst
6500
Cisco
7600
Cisco
7200, 7301
Cisco
3800 ISR
Cisco
2800 ISR
Cisco
1800 ISR
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Agenda
Challenge and Solution
PfR Overview
Design Considerations
Product Overview
Conclusion
Questions and Answers
Links
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Benefits of Cisco Performance Routing
Performance-aware network
Best path continuously reevaluated based upon
network performance data: delay, loss, load, etc.
Increased application availability
Route around at first sign of (soft error) trouble
Minimize cost with advanced load balancing
Link usage
Circuit cost
Inbound and outbound Internet presence
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Benefits of Cisco Performance Routing
Troubleshooting
Provides network soft error fault detection
Ease of provisioning and management
Provisioning of network policies instead of device policies
A network or system view of application performance
Capacity planning: frequency of policy violations
Can the network maintain adequate performance?
Are links able to meet regular and peak traffic demands?
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Agenda
Challenge and Solution
PfR Overview
Design Considerations
Product Overview
Conclusion
Questions and Answers
Links
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Questions and Answers
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Agenda
Challenge and Solution
PfR Overview
Deployment
Design Considerations
Product Overview
Conclusion
Links
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More Information
PfR CCO
www.cisco.com/go/pfr/
Cisco IOS Software Release 12.3 12.4 12.4T
www.cisco.com/go/release124t/
Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2(33)SRB,
12.2(33)SXH
www.cisco.com/go/release/
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