Download Concentración Solar para Producción Térmica y Eléctrica

Concentración Solar para Producción
Térmica y Eléctrica –
Desarrollos y Avances Tecnológicos
Eckhard Lüpfert, Dr.-Ing.
DLR German Aerospace Center
Seminario CORFO, GIZ
Santiago, Chile
7 Sept 2016
DLR.de/SF > Chart 2 >
>Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Concentrating Solar Power Plant (CSP)
Solar Thermal Power Plant
Solar Heat into Conventional Power Cycle
DLR.de/SF > Chart 3 >
>Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Concentrating Solar Power – Technology Variants
Parabolic Trough – Linear Fresnel – Solar Tower – Dish-Stirling
Dish-Stirling
Solar Tower
DLR.de/SF > Chart 4 >
>Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Concentrating Solar Power
with Parabolic Troughs and Linear Fresnel Fields
in Solar Thermal Power Plants
Solar heat for Rankine cycles
saturated / overheated steam
solar only and hybrid
Solar-to-electric peak
efficiency
up to around ≈30%
also process heat applications
performance modeling is state
of the art
DLR.de/SF > Chart 5 >
>Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Parabolic Trough Plant Scheme
www.solarpaces.org
Solar Field
parabolic trough
collector field
200’000 - 2’200’000 m2
Heat Transfer
& Buffer
2-10 hours
capacity
Power Block
steam cycle
turbine, condenser
20-280 MW
DLR.de/SF > Chart 6 >
>Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
CSP with storage –
energy shift from day to night
DLR.de/SF > Chart 7 >
>Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Andasol 1, 2, 3 Parabolic Trough Plants – Guadix, Spain
3x 50 MW, 3700 full-load hours
Solar Field
Powerblock, Storage, Transmission
DLR.de/SF > Chart 8 >
>Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Current developments in CSP
• parabolic trough commercial plant size 150-280 MW
• 30% larger aperture size of trough collectors, bigger receiver tubes
• molten salt as heat transfer medium for troughs and linear Fresnel
• higher temperature (550°C)
• double storage capacity
• 5% better power block efficiency
• direct steam generation at commercial scale, but without storage
• new silicone fluid as heat transfer medium
• process heat applications in food and mining industry
• solar tower commercial plant size 120-150 MW
• molten salt as heat transfer medium, also in combination with steam
• pressurized air or atmospheric air as heat transfer medium
• long term: solar fuels and hydrogen
DLR.de/SF > Chart 9 >
>Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Technology Trends: Direct Steam Generation in Solar Field
• 5 MW Reference Power
Plant in Kanchanamburi
(Thailand) (Superheated
steam 330ºC)
• 30 MW Linear Fresnel
System in Murcia (Spain)
(saturated steam 270ºC)
DLR.de/SF > Chart 10 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Technology Trends:
Molten Salt in Parabolic Troughs
Silicone Fluid in Parabolic Troughs
• 5 MW Demo Unit in Sicily, Italy
integrated into a combined cycle
power plant
• 500ºC superheated steam
• integrated storage
DLR.de/SF > Chart 11 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Solar Tower
Sanlucar PS 10+20 MW Abengoa
Khi Southafrica 50 MW
Atacama-1, Noor-3, Redstone
DLR.de/SF > Chart 12 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Solar Tower, molten salt – Gemasolar 20 MW Spain, 150 MW Morocco
565 o C
Hot Salt
Storage Tank
Cold Salt
Storage Tank
Steam Generator
Conventional
EPGS
290 o C
DLR.de/SF > Chart 13 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Tonopah, Crescent Dunes, USA: 110 MW Solar Tower, molten salt
DLR.de/SF > Chart 14 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Solar Tower – Steam, Molten Salt
Ivanpah-CA 3x123 MW Brightsource
Tonopah-NV 110 MW SolarReserve
Lancaster-CA 5 MW eSolar
DLR.de/SF > Chart 15 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Solar Tower Jülich – Solair/HitRec – Air as Heat Transfer Fluid
1.5 MW DLR / KA München
Receiver
Hot Air 730º
Steam Generator
Storage
~
Heliostats
Cold Air 110º
Super
heated
Steam
DLR.de/SF > Chart 16 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Dish-Stirling Systems
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System size 3-25 kW
Very high concentration ratio
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Power package with Stirling Engine
High conversion efficiency
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Remote operation
Backup heating of power package with fuel
Series production in preparation
EuroDish systems at PSA, Spain
10 kW per unit
Cleanergy 10 kW
DLR.de/SF > Chart 17 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Application fields for solar thermal process heat, e.g. steam
Food and beverage industry:
• Dairies and bakeries - Drying, cleaning, cooking, deep frying, baking, pasteurization
• Slaughter houses – Rendering process, steam cooking, cooling and refrigeration
• Wineries, breweries, distilleries – Steam juicing, sterilization, distillation
Product industry:
• Mining and oil industry – Ore leaching, galvanic processes, oil recovery, cleaning
• Textile and leather industry - Dying, shaping, ironing, tanning
• Cement and ceramic industry – Drying, burning, calcination
• Paper industry – Bleaching, thermo-mechanical pulping, drying
• Pharmaceutical and chemical industry - Process specific applications, distillation
• Plastics and rubber industry - Heating, cooling, vulcanization
Hotel and tourism industry - Laundry, heating, cooling, water treatment and desalination
DLR.de/SF > Chart 18 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Example solar process heat
(www.protarget-ag.com)
DLR.de/SF > Chart 19 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Application examples solar process heat in Chile
• Process heat supply for mining camp
• hot water for showers, replace diesel fuel
• Process heat supply for copper mine
• hot water for electro-winning, replace diesel fuel
• Process steam for copper smelter
• 100% solar during daytime
• Hot water supply for mining process
• heap leaching, reduce fuel consumption by 30%
DLR.de/SF > Chart 20 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
CSP with thermal storage enables
a safe and CO2-free electricity supply
CSP: flexible, dispatchable, complementary to PV und Wind
CSP + Storage
Heat
Storage
PV
Wind
Heat
Electricity
Turbine
Co-firing
Solar Field
Heat
DLR.de/SF > Chart 21 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Outlook CSP Market until 2025
Estimated installed CSP capacity until 2025:
10 - 20 GW
Accumulated, additional CSP investment until 2025:
25 – 75 billion US$
Annual CSP O&M market volume in 2025:
1 - 2 billion US$ /a
Additional capacity in the field of industrial process heat
DLR.de/SF > Chart 22 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Solar Fuels: Fuels from water, CO2 and sunlight
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Water (H2O)
In 20 years commercial ?
Synthesis Gas
(H2 + CO)
Solar Tower, Jülich
artist‘s view
Synthetic Fuels…
e.g. Fischer-Tropsch-Plant
DLR.de/SF > Chart 23 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Solar Irradiation and Project Locations
• Extraterrestrial irradiance: 1367 W/m²
• Attenuation due to atmospheric absorption and scattering
 Irradiance on earth 1000 W/m²
Annual Sum of Direct Normal Irradiance
DLR.de/SF > Chart 24 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
How DLR Solar Research works with industry:
Industry
DLR.de/SF > Chart 25 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Cost development
PV vs. CSP
Energy cost PV
Module cost PV
2007
2014
Energy cost CSP
2014
DLR.de/SF > Chart 26 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Institute of Solar Research
Concentrating Solar Systems for Power, Heat and Fuel generation
• Germany’s largest research entity in the field of concentrating solar systems for the generation of
heat, electricity and fuel
• Research Areas:
Line Focus SystemsPoint Focus SystemsQualification
Solar Energy MeteorologyNew MaterialsSolar Chemical Engineering
• Services and consulting for industry clients
• Annual income in 2015: 19,0 €Mio
• Staff: approx. 160 people at the four sites Cologne, Jülich, Stuttgart, Almería (Spain)
• Spin-off companies: CSP Services GmbH, Sowarla GmbH, Heliokon GmbH
DLR.de/SF > Chart 27 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Institute of Solar Research
Services
Qualification Services
Resource Assessment & Forecasting
Solar Water Treatment
For Components and Plants:
• Determination of quality characteristics and performance parameters
• Aging Tests
• Solar radiation, soiling and aerosol
measurements
• Sensor calibration and
characterization
• Nowcasting of irradiance
• Technology
• Consulting
Software Tools for CSP Plants
Technology Assessment/F&E-Support
• Greenius: yield calculation for
renewable energies
• STRAL: calculation of radiation flux
density (ray tracing)
• HFLCAL: heliostat field layout and
optimization
• Measuring equipment
• Test installations
• Provision of highly concentrated light,
UV/IR resources for radiance tests
• Design reviews
• Feasibility studies
DLR.de/SF > Chart 28 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Highlights
• DLR developed optical measurement devices, that
allow industry to build a much more precise solar
collector
• DLR solves fundamental challenges to use air or
steam as heat transfer fluids in solar collectors and
receivers
• DLR's innovative QUARZ® Lab becomes
„Quasi-Standard“ to asses collector components
• DLR demonstrates together with industry several new
CSP technology systems in the MW-scale and signs
license agreements with industrial clients
• DLR develops and implements together with
University partners a CSP capacity building program
for the MENA region
• DLR spun-off 3 companies in this field in the last 10
years from the Institute of Solar Research
Heliokon
DLR.de/SF > Chart 29 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Summary
• CSP applications increasing in project size
• higher fluid temperature in parabolic troughs and towers
• storage capacity is the among the most relevant advantages of CSP
• dispatchable power supply, base load, evening peak load
• market development in South Africa, Middle East, India, China Chile
• relevant process heat applications in food industry, in mining industry
• DLR is partner in technical development, in quality control and expertise
• DLR and German industry partners interested in joining projects in Chile
DLR.de/SF > Chart 30 > www.DLR.de • Chart 30
concentrating solar technology –
… precise, efficient, sustainable
DLR.de/SF > Chart 31 > >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016
Useful links
CSP Market
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www.solarpaces.org
http://www.nrel.gov/csp/solarpaces/
www.dlr.de/sf
http://www.sbc.slb.com/SBCInstitute/Publications/SolarPower.aspx
www.helioscsp.com
Contact
• [email protected]