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Target Reading Skill
Review and Assessment
Target Reading Skill
Law of Reflection
Previewing Visuals Complete a graphic organizer
Previewing Visuals
a. How light is reflected
b. Light hitting the mirror
c. It is moving in a different direction.
Q. In your own words, what is
the subject of this illustration?
for the illustration on Law of Reflection, Figure 11.
Add more questions and answers to show that you
understand the law of reflection.
A.
?
a.
Q. What is the incoming wave?
A.
Reviewing Key Terms
?
b.
1. a 2. d 3. d 4. c 5. b
6. radio waves, microwaves, infrared rays,
Q. How is the incoming wave
different from the reflected
wave?
A.
Reviewing
Key of
Terms
Choose
the letter
the best answer.
1. A wave transfers
a. energy.
c. water.
b. particles.
d. air.
2. Two complementary colors of light that can
combine to form white light are
?
c.
Complete the following sentences so that
your answers clearly explain the key terms.
6. Visible light is a tiny part of the whole
electromagnetic spectrum, which also
includes
.
7. The colors in this textbook come from
a. red and green.
b. green and cyan.
c. cyan and yellow.
d. yellow and blue.
pigments, which are
.
8. If you look into a plane mirror, you see a
virtual image, which is
E-LA: Writing 7.2.4
.
9. The lens of the eye forms an image on the
3. A curved piece of glass or other transparent
material that is used to refract light is a
b. concave mirror.
d. concave lens.
a. plane mirror.
c. convex mirror.
retina, which is
.
10. A microscope allows you to see something
very small, because
.
4. The opening through which light enters the
inside of your eye is the
a. cornea.
c. pupil.
b. iris.
d. retina.
5. A device used to make objects that are far
away appear closer is a(n)
a. camera.
b. telescope.
c. microscope.
d. electron microscope.
ultraviolet rays, X-rays, gamma rays
7. colored substances used to color
materials
8. an upright image that forms where the
light seems to come from
9. a layer of cells that lines the inside of the
eyeball
10. it uses a combination of lenses to form
enlarged images of tiny objects
Persuasive Letter Write a short letter to
your representative in Congress asking him or
her to continue supporting telescopes in
space. Include at least two advantages of
space telescopes in your letter.
Light
Chapter 2
◆ 71
Diagnose and Remediate
Standard
Review and
Assessment Items
Standards-Targeted Resources
Additional Resources
S 7.6.d
3, 5, 10, 17, 20, 26, 27, 28
AA cgp-5042, cvp-4153; RNG-A 41, 44–45;
RNG-B 34; Video Field Trip
Teaching Resources:
Vocabulary Skill
S 7.6.e
2, 6, 7, 9, 14, 16, 19, 29,
30, 31
AA-cvp-4153; RNG-A 38–40, 46–48; RNG-B 27–30,
35–36
Teaching Resources: Key Terms
S 7.6.f
3, 7, 15, 23
RNG-A 38–39; RNG-B 28–29
Student Edition in MP3
(English/Spanish)
S 7.6.g
3, 8, 17, 18, 24, 25
AA cgp-5042; RNG-A 41–45; RNG-B 31–34
Student Express with Interactive
Textbook CD-ROM
Writing Mode Persuasive
Scoring Rubric
4 Exceeds criteria
3 Meets criteria
2 Includes a weak argument and/or gives
only one advantage of space telescopes
1 Fails to make an argument and/or give
advantages of space telescopes
Video Assessment
Light
Show the Video Assessment to review
chapter content. Discussion question: What
phenomena on Earth affect the images
produced by conventional telescopes?
(Water vapor, dust, heat, and other things in
the atmosphere can distort light that reaches
telescopes on Earth. Light pollution on Earth
can also reduce clarity of a telescope image.)
Why can the Hubble Space Telescope
produce sharper images than earthbound
telescopes? (Because it orbits 600 km above
Earth’s surface, it can provide images that are
free from atmospheric distortion.)
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Checking Concepts
Review and Assessment
11. Measure from the rest position up to a
crest or from the rest position down to a
trough.
12. Sample answers: Because sunlight
travels to Earth through the vacuum of
space; because radio waves travel back and
forth between Earth and satellites in space
13. Infrared rays have higher frequencies,
and therefore more energy, than radio waves.
14. Red light has the longest wavelength,
and violet light has the shortest wavelength.
15. Transparent materials, such as clear
glass, transmit light. Translucent materials,
such as frosted glass, transmit and scatter
light. Opaque materials, such as wood,
reflect and/or absorb light but do not
transmit light.
16. Rose petals reflect red light and absorb
light of all other colors. The leaves reflect
green light and absorb light of all other colors.
17. Students’ diagrams should correctly
identify the type of lens and the location of
the focal points and optical axis. The optical
axis should divide the lens into a top and
bottom half. The focal points should be on
the optical axis.
18. Real images are upside-down images
that form where rays of light meet. They are
produced by concave mirrors when the
object is beyond the focal point. Virtual
images are upright images that form where
rays of light appear to meet. They are
produced by plane mirrors, convex mirrors,
and concave mirrors (in the latter, only when
the object is closer than the focal point).
19. The cones in the retina
20. The objective lens magnifies the object
and the eyepiece lens magnifies that image.
Thinking Critically
21. a. Wave A b. Wave B c. Wave A
22. The water just moves up and down from
its rest position, so it does not move across
the lake with the wave.
23. The fog scatters light, so details are
blurred.
24. No; the image is always virtual, because
a plane mirror cannot focus light rays.
25. Both types of mirrors have shiny
surfaces, an optical axis, and a focal point;
both can produce virtual images. Concave
mirrors can produce real images as well, but
convex mirrors cannot. Concave mirrors are
curved inward, whereas convex mirrors are
curved outward.
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24. Applying Concepts Can a plane mirror
produce a real image? Explain.
11. How can you measure the amplitude of a
25. Comparing and Contrasting How are convex
wave?
and concave mirrors alike? How are they
different?
12. How do you know that electromagnetic waves
can travel through a vacuum?
26. Comparing and Contrasting How is a
13. Explain why the energy of infrared waves is
nearsighted person’s sight similar to a
farsighted person’s? How is it different?
greater than the energy of radio waves.
14. Which color of light has the longest
27. Problem Solving A telescope produces an
wavelength? The shortest wavelength?
15. Describe transparent, translucent, and opaque
materials. Give an example of each.
16. Why do you see the petals of a rose as red and
the leaves as green?
17. Sketch the optical axis and focal point(s) of a
upside-down image. How could you modify
the telescope so the image is upright?
28. Comparing and Contrasting How is a
microscope similar to a convex lens used as a
magnifying lens? How is it different?
Applying Skills
concave lens and a convex lens.
18. Describe real and virtual images. How can
Use the illustration to answer Questions 29–31.
each type of image be formed by mirrors?
19. Which parts of the eye help you see colors?
20. How are lenses used in a microscope?
Thinking Critically
Use the illustration to answer Question 21.
29. Explaining What colors of visible light are
Wave A
absorbed by the red apple?
30. Predicting In green light, what color would
the red apple appear?
31. Drawing Conclusions Why do we use ceiling
Wave B
lights that give off white light?
21. Comparing and Contrasting The waves
shown travel at the same speed.
a. Which wave has the higher frequency?
b. Which has the longer wavelength?
c. Which has the greater amplitude?
22. Applying Concepts Suppose ripples move
from one side of a lake to the other. Does the
water move across the lake? Explain.
Performance Assessment Demonstrate your
optical instrument to your class. Explain how your
instrument works and how it can be used. Use
diagrams that show how the mirrors or lenses in
your instrument reflect or refract light.
23. Applying Concepts Why is it hard to see on a
foggy day?
72 ◆
26. Both persons see blurred images under
some conditions. The nearsighted person
can focus on objects that are close, but not
objects that are far away. The farsighted
person can focus on objects that are far away,
but not on objects that are near.
27. You could add another convex lens to
invert the image again.
28. Both can form enlarged images and are
focused by moving a lens. However,
magnification can be changed in a
microscope by changing objectives.
Microscopes also can have much higher
magnification.
Applying Skills
29. All colors except red are absorbed.
30. The apple would appear black.
31. White light contains all the colors of the
visible spectrum, so all objects will reflect
their true colors and we will see objects
correctly.
Use the diagram to answer Question 5.
Choose the letter of the best answer.
Teachers can monitor student progress and
supply remediation when necessary.
1. If you shine a green light on a red apple, the
apple’s color appears
A red.
B green.
C blue.
D black.
S 7.6.b
Radio
Waves
Infrared
rays
Visible
light
Ultraviolet
rays
X-rays
Gamma
rays
2. A prism disperses white light into many colors
because the prism
A obeys the law of reflection.
B bends the different colors of light by
different angles.
C is opaque.
D acts like the retina’s cone cells.
Microwaves
5. The amount of energy carried by an
S 7.6.e
Use the diagram to answer Question 3.
Periscope
Image
let in more light?
A pupil
B iris
C lens
D cornea
8. Light enters the camera through the lens,
S 7.5.g
7. If light passes through a medium without being
scattered, the medium is classified as
A reflective.
B opaque.
C translucent.
D transparent.
Plane mirror
3. If you want to build a periscope, what
measurement is most important?
A the angle between the two mirrors
B the distance between the mirrors
C the width of the mirrors
D the width of the tube
1. D; S 7.6.b
2. B; S 7.6.e
3. A; S 7.6.g
4. C; S 7.6.c
5. B; S 7.6.a
6. A; S 7.5.g
7. D; S 7.6.f
6. In dim light, which part of the eye gets larger to
Plane mirror
Object
electromagnetic wave increases with frequency.
Which of the following groups of waves is listed
correctly in order of increasing energy?
A X-rays, visible light, radio waves
B radio waves, visible light, X-rays
C infrared rays, visible light, radio waves
D visible light, gamma rays, X-rays
S 7.6.a
Standards Practice
S 7.6.f
which focuses light like the cornea and
lens of the eye. The camera’s diaphragm
can change the size of the aperture in the
same way the eye’s iris can change the size
of the pupil, to control the amount of
light that enters. An image forms on the
film at the back of a camera, similar to the
way an image forms on the retina at the
back of the eye. S 7.5.g,.7.6.d
S 7.6.g
4. A wave enters a new medium. The wave
A slows down and bends.
B speeds up and bends.
C may slow down or speed up.
D must always bend.
S 7.6.c
8. How is a human eye like a camera? Describe the
function of each part of the eye and identify the
part of a camera that has the same function.
Use the following terms in your answer: lens,
diaphragm, aperture, film, pupil, and retina.
S 7.5.g, 7.6.d
Chapter 2
◆ 73
S 7.6.d
Performance Assessment Give students
an opportunity to demonstrate their optical
instruments to the class. Have them explain
how their instruments work. Tell them to use
diagrams to show how light is reflected and
refracted by mirrors and lenses in their
instruments. Ask students to identify ways
their instruments could be used. They might
compare their instruments to those they
have read about in the text. Urge them to
explain their design process and to identify
ways they improved their instruments or
ways it might be improved.
Teaching Resources
Laboratory Manual TE
• Standards Investigation Scoring Rubric
The Standards Investigation scoring rubric
will help you evaluate students’ work. If you
shared the rubric in advance, students will
know what is expected of them.
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