Download Mahavitaran Presents Workshop on Energy

Energy Conservation & Safety
Presented by :P.S. Rahangdale
Asst.Manager(F&A) MSEDCL
Electricity makes everything GO!
• Electricity that lights our homes.
• Electricity is our basic requirement to survive & fulfill
our day to day needs.
• Everything runs on electricity but due to growing
demand, rapid growth of cities & change our lifestyles
we are having shortage of Electricity.
• Though have various sources of Electricity there are
lot of limitations for generation of Electricity and
setting up new power plants require lot of time &
investment.
• It is therefore, very much important for all of us to
make use of Electricity in judicious manner.
How Does Electricity Get To My House?
Power Plants
• This is where it all starts. There are several ways
electricity is made: Steam plants that burn fossil
fuels, hydroelectric plants that use water, and
nuclear plants that split atoms. Each of these ways
produces steam that turns a machine called a
turbine. The turbine spins a giant magnet inside a
coil of wire. Heat energy in the steam changes to
mechanical energy. The mechanical energy
produced in the turbine is changed to electrical
energy in the generator.
Step-up Transformer
• From the power plant, the electricity flows
through the wires to a step-up
transformer. The transformer raises the
pressure of the electricity so it can travel
long distances. Voltage is raised up as high
as 765,000 volts.
Transmission Lines
• From the transformer, the current then
travels through wires to the transmission
lines. These high voltage lines can carry
large amounts of electricity over long
distances.
Substation Transformer
• From the transmission lines the current now
goes to a substation transformer. A
substation lowers the pressure between
2,000 and 13,000 volts so the electricity can
be used by the community.
Distribution Lines
• From the substation the electricity is now
ready to be distributed into the community.
The current travels from the substation to
distribution lines. These lines are
sometimes above ground or below ground.
Distribution Transformer
• From the distribution lines the electricity
now travels to a Distribution Transformer.
This type of transformer lowers the pressure
once again to 240 volts for use in your
home.
Service Box
• From the transformer pole or box, the
electricity is now ready to travel to your
home into a service box. That's where your
electric meter is. You're now ready to flick a
switch to turn on the lights, or plug in the
radio.
Let's Save Energy!
Why we should save energy
• We use energy everyday at home, at school,
at work, and even when you're playing.
• By saving energy you're helping to save the
world's energy resources like gas, oil and
water and you're also saving money on your
utility bills.
• Best of all, by using energy wisely we can cut
down on pollutants in the air and water,
making a better environment for everyone.
Why We Should Save Energy
• Think about what would happen if
there wasn't enough energy
. . . there would be no light to turn
on when it got dark . . . there
would not be any hot water for the
shower or heat for your house in
the winter . . . no gas or oil to
drive the car . . . so there are lots
of reasons we should save energy.
Lighting
• Turn off the lights when not in use
• Take advantage of daylight by using light-colored,
loose-weave curtains on your windows to allow
daylight to penetrate the room, use with lighter colors
on wall that reflect daylight.
• De-dust lighting fixtures to maintain illumination.
• Compact Fluorescent Bulbs (CFL) are four times more
energy efficient than incandescent bulbs and provide
the same for lighting.
• Use electronic chokes in place of conventional copper
chokes.
Fans & Electric Iron
• Replace conventional regulators with electronic
regulators for ceiling fans.
• Install exhaust fans at a higher elevation than ceiling
fans.
• Select iron boxes with automatic temperature cutoff.
• Use appropriate regulator position for ironing.
• Do not put more water on clothes while ironing.
• Do not iron wet clothes.
Kitchen Appliances
Mixers
• Avoid dry grinding in your food processors ( mixers and
grinders) as it takes longer time than liquid grinding.
Microwaves ovens
• Consumes 50 % less energy than conventional electric / gas
stoves.
• Do not bake large food items.
• Don't open the oven door too often to check food condition as
each opening leads to a temperature drop of 25°C.
Electric stove
• Turn off electric stoves several minutes before the specified
cooking time.
• Use flat-bottomed pans that make full contact with the
cooking coil.
Gas stove
• When cooking on a gas burner, use moderate flame
settings to conserve LPG.
• Remember that a blue flame means your gas stove is
operating efficiently.
• Yellowish flame is an indicator that the burner needs
cleaning.
• Use pressure cookers as much as possible.
• Use lids to cover the pans while cooking.
• Bring items taken out of refrigerators (like vegetables,
milk etc) to room temperature before placing on the
gas stove for heating.
Use Solar Water Heater – a good replacement for a
electric water heater.
Electronic Devices
Do not switch on the power
when TV and Audio Systems
are not in use.
Idle operation leads to an
energy loss of 10 watts /device.
Computers
• Turn off your home office equipment when not in use.
• A computer that runs 24 hours a day, for instance, uses - more
power than an energy-efficient refrigerator.
• If your computer must be left on, turn off the monitor; this device
alone uses more than half the system's energy.
• Setting computers, monitors, and copiers to use sleep-mode
when not in use helps cut energy costs by approximately 40%.
• Battery chargers, such as those for laptops, cell phones and
digital cameras, draw power whenever they are plugged in and
are very inefficient. Pull the plug and save.
• Screen savers save computer screens, not energy. Start-ups
and shutdowns do not use any extra energy, nor are they hard
on your computer components. In fact, shutting computers down
when you are finished using them actually reduces system wear
– and saves energy.
Refrigerator
• Regularly defrost manual-defrost refrigerators
and freezers; frost buildup increases the
amount of energy needed to keep the motor
running.
• Leave enough space between your
refrigerator and the walls so that air can
easily circulate around the refrigerator.
• Don't keep your refrigerator or freezer too
cold.
• Make sure your refrigerator door seals are
airtight.
Refrigerator
• Cover liquids and wrap foods stored in the
refrigerator. Uncovered foods release
moisture and make the compressor work
harder.
• Do not open the doors of the refrigerators
frequently.
• Don't leave the fridge door open for longer
than necessary, as cold air will escape.
• Use smaller cabinets for storing frequently
used items.
• Avoid putting hot or warm food straight into
the fridge.
Washing machines
Always wash only with full loads.
Use optimal quantity of water.
Use timer facility to save energy.
Use the correct amount of detergent.
Use hot water only for very dirty clothes.
Always use cold water in the rinse cycle.
Prefer natural drying over electric
dryers.
Air Conditioners
• Prefer air conditioners having automatic temperature cut
off.
• Keep regulators at “low cool” position.
• Operate the ceiling fan in conjunction with your window
air conditioner to spread the cooled air more effectively
throughout the room and operate the air conditioner at
higher temperature.
• Seal the doors and windows properly.
• Leave enough space between your air conditioner and the
walls to allow better air circulation.
• A roof garden can reduce the load on Air Conditioner
• Use windows with sun films/curtains.
Safety at Home
• We use electricity safely every day in our homes,
when turning on the TV or radio, switching on a
light, or playing video games.
• When you switch on a machine you complete the
circuit. Electricity flows through the power cord to
the machine, then back through the cord to the
outlet and out to the wires and into the grid again.
• Remember, electricity will not leave the circuit
unless it can find an easier path to the ground. So
when you touch a circuit and the ground at the
same time, YOU become the easiest path and you
get shocked!
Remember when using electricity at home
• Never use a radio, TV or hair dryer
when you are using the sink or are in
the bathtub or shower and don't touch
anything that's electric when your
hands are wet.
• If you're standing on a wet floor,
never touch a switch or plug anything
in.
Remember when using electricity at home
• Never stick foreign objects or
fingers in an outlet or socket or
objects like a fork in a toaster
that's plugged in.
• Make sure to use the proper
extension cords. Overloading
can cause the insulation on the
cord to overheat, melt and
expose live wires. Live wires
can spark and cause a fire.
• Make sure you are using an
approved outdoor electrical
cord or extension cord.
Play it Safe Outdoors
• Being safe around electricity
outdoors is being smart. From
power lines to power mowers, even
a small amount of electricity can
hurt you.
• Remember, electricity is always
looking for the easiest path to the
ground. The ground is the earth or
something touching the earth like a
ladder.
• When we see birds sitting on a
power line, they don't get shocked
because they are not touching the
ground at the same time.
Important Rules for
Playing Safe Outdoors
• Never play near substations, transmission
and power lines, or climb trees near these
lines. Smart boaters and airplane pilots also
steer clear of transmission and power lines so should you.
• Make sure you never use a ladder or place a
TV antenna or satellite dish near power
lines.
Important Rules for Playing Safe Outdoors
• If you see a power line that has fallen, STAY
AWAY! Call the police and the power company
right away. If a power line has fallen on or near
your car, stay in the car until help arrives. Tell
others that may want to help to stay away and
call for help. If you must leave the car because of
fire or any other danger, you must JUMP as far
as you can with both feet together. Electricity can
travel through the ground from the line. The
voltage becomes less the farther you are away, so
if your one foot were in a higher voltage zone
than the other, you could become a conductor for
electricity. That's why you should shuffle or roll
away. Don't ever touch the ground and the car at
the same time. That would make you the path to
the ground and you will get hurt.
Important Rules for Playing Safe Outdoors
• Don't fly kites near power lines or in bad weather.
Electricity or lightning could travel right down the string
to you to get to the ground.
• Never use wire, or any metal object on your kite - they
conduct electricity.
• Don't stay in a swimming pool or lake, or around trees
and poles in bad weather. You could get struck by
lightning.
• Always keep radios and other electrical appliances at
least 10 feet away from a swimming area. If water
splashes on them, they can conduct electricity through
the water. Don't touch or go near these appliances when
you are wet or standing in water.
Important Rules for
Playing Safe Outdoors
• Never touch electrical machinery like a vending
machine, if you're standing in a puddle of water or in
the rain.
• Never touch electric wire or switches, if they are
wet.
• Don't fool with meters or other electrical equipment
around buildings.
• Always stay clear of anything that says "HIGH
VOLTAGE.“
• Remember these safety rules and you can "play it
safe" outdoors.
Fun Facts & Electric Friend
• Did you know there are over
500 kinds of fish that
produce some electricity?
Let's check out the Electric
Eel . . .
Electric Eels
• Electric eels work like a battery and
can discharge from 350 to 650 volts of
electricity. The head Electric eels
work like a battery and can discharge
from 350 to 650 volts of electricity.
The head acts as the positive pole and
the tail is the negative pole of the
battery. When it is moving it can emit
electric impulses up to 25 per second.
A 20-foot eel can produce enough
electrical current to light 12 household
light bulbs. Electric eels are mainly
found in the Amazons. These guys can
be dangerous and would not make a
good pet.
Jellyfish
• These jellyfish are also
bioluminescent. Most creatures
emit a blue light as blue can be
projected farther than any other
color so that's what mother nature
gave them. Deep in the ocean it's
pretty dark and these creatures can
emit light for navigation, mating,
communication, self-defense and
hunting for prey.
lightning bug
• Other creatures like the lightning bug or
firefly emit a light. It's not electricity but a
chemical reaction called "bioluminescence."
Light sticks are one example of chemical
light. Although the chemicals are different
than the chemicals made by bioluminescent
creatures, the way they work is the same.
These creatures produce two chemicals
called luciferin and luciferase (an enzyme).
When these chemicals react together they
emit a "cold light." The click beetle can
project enough light to read by.
u
Met1.gif