Download ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

ORGANIC
CHEMISTRY
A subgroup of biochemistry
Carbon Compounds
• Organic – Molecules which
contain Carbon - Hydrogen
bonds.
• Ex. Carbohydrates, Fats
Macromolecules
• Monomer- a molecule (or unit)
used as building blocks in the
formation of polymers.
• Polymer – a large molecule formed
when many smaller molecules bond
together.
4 types of ORGANIC
compounds
1.
2.
3.
4.
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates
• Organic compounds composed of carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen
• Sub-units are simple sugars
– Monosaccharides and Polysaccharides
• Ratio is 1:2:1 (1 carbon, 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen)
– ex.
CH 0
6
12
6
- Glucose
• Examples: Cellulose, Starch, Glycogen
• Function: main source of energy
LIPIDS – (a.k.a. FATS)
• Sub-units – Glycerol and 3 fatty acids
Similar to Carbs, except:
• Ratios of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
are NOT 1:2:1
• Examples: Animal Fat (C57H110O6),
Cooking oil
• Function: 1. Store energy
2. body insulation
PROTEINS
• Large Complex polymers composed of
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and
phosphorous
• Sub-units: AMINO ACIDS
• Functions: (on the next slide)
• Examples: Enzymes, Hemoglobin,
Insulin, Chlorophyll
5 functions of proteins
1. Proteins are important in the
contracting of muscle tissue
2. Transporting oxygen in the blood
stream
3. Providing immunity
4. Regulating other proteins
5. Carrying out chemical reactions
NUCLEIC ACID
• Macromolecule that stores
cellular information
• Sub-units: nucleotides
• Examples – DNA & RNA
• Functions: Store and transmit
genetic information.