Download Abdominal wall

Abdominal wall
Objectives:
• To know the anatomy of abdominal wall( ant&
post).
• Blood supply nerve supply and lymph
drainage
• To understand the anatomy of the inguinal
canal
• To list common types of hernia
Abdomen is a closed cylinder with a musculo-skeletal wall.
Inside are the wall are the liver, intestines, kidneys, etc.
Abdominal Muscles Increase Intra-abdominal pressure
Remember Valsava?
Abdomen defined by diaphragm above, pelvic brim below, and
vertebral bodies ribs and muscles posteriorly, and laterally.
To get in the abdominal cavity you must go through skin, 2
superficial fascias (fatty and membraneous). 3 muscles layers
(or one), transversalis fascia, parietal peritoneum.
MUSCLES OF THE ANTEROLATERAL ABDOMINAL WALL
LINEA ALBA
TENDINOUS
INTERSECTION
TRANSVERSUS
ABDOMINIS
INTERNAL OBLIQUE
RECTUS
ABDOMINIS
EXTERNAL OBLIQUE
APONEUROSIS OF
EXTERNAL
OBLIQUE
SUPERFICIAL
INGUINAL RING
INGUINAL
LIGAMENT
MUSCLES OF THE ANTEROLATERAL ABDOMINAL WALL
RECTUS SHEATH
TA
IO
EO
APONEUROSES
ABOVE THE ARCUATE LINE THE APONEUROSIS
OF THE INTERNAL OBLIQUE SPLITS TO ENCLOSE
THE RECTUS ABDOMINIS
BELOW THE ARCUATE LINE ALL APONEUROSES PASS IN
FRONT OF THE RECTUS ABDOMINIS
Vessels of the Anterolateral Abdominal
Wall
Internal
thoracic
vessels
Superior
epigastric
vessels
Inferior
epigastric
vessels
Nerves of the Abdominal Wall—
Ventral Rami of T6 to L2
MUSCLES OF THE ANTEROLATERAL ABDOMINAL WALL
EXTERNAL OBLIQUE
INTERNAL OBLIQUE
BILATERAL ACTION:
ASSISTS RECTUS ABDOMINIS
IN FLEXING VERTEBRAL
COLUMN, COMPRESSING
ABDOMINAL WALL, AND
INCREASING INTRAABDOMINAL PRESSURE
UNILATERAL ACTION:
AID BACK MUSCLES IN
ROTATION AND
LATERAL FLEXION
NN. = T7-T12
NN. = T7-T12, L1
MUSCLES OF THE ANTEROLATERAL ABDOMINAL WALL
RECTUS ABDOMINIS
RECTUS
ABDOMINIS
BILATERAL:
FLEXION OF VERTEBRAL
COLUMN, COMPRESSION
OF ABDOMEN, INCREASE
IN INTRA-ABDOMINAL
PRESSURE
UNILATERAL:
ASSISTS BACK MUSCLES IN
LATERAL FLEXION AND
ROTATION
NN. = T7-T12, L1