Download Lesson 15-3 Global Winds and Local Winds Notes What You Will

Name ____________________________
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____________________________
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Lesson 15-3 Global Winds and Local Winds Notes
What You Will Learn:
Explain the relationship between air pressure ad wind direction.
Describe global wind patterns.
Explain the causes of local wind patterns.
Why Air Moves
The movement of air caused by _____________________________________________
_________________ is called _______. The ________________ the pressure
____________________, the ______________ the wind moves.
Air Rises at the Equator and Sinks at the Poles
Differences in air pressure are generally caused by the ____________________________
________________________. The ___________ receives more ___________________
__________________________ than the other latitudes, so air at the ________________
is warmer and _________ ___________ than the surrounding air. Warm, less dense air
__________ and creates an area of _____ ___________________. This warm, rising air
flows ______________________________________________. At the poles, the _____
__________________________ and __________________ than the surrounding air, so it
___________. As the cold air sinks, it creates __________________________________
__________________ around the poles. This __________________________________
then flows _______________________________________.
Pressure Belts Are Found Every 30°
Rather than moving in one huge, circular pattern from the poles to the equator, air travels
in ___________ _____________, ____________________ ___________________
called ________________________ _________. Convection cells are separated by
_________________ ____________, bands of _________ ___________________ and
_____ ___________________ found about every 30° of ______________________. As
warm air __________ over the equator and moves toward the poles, the air begins to
__________. At about _________ and __________ ______________, some of the
________ __________ begins to sink. Cool, sinking air causes _______
___________________ ___________ near this region. This cool air ________________
____________________________, where it warms and rises again. At the poles, cold air
sinks and moves toward the equator. Air ______________ as it moves __________ from
the poles. Around ___________________ and __________________ latitude, the
_____________ _____ __________, which creates a ______ ___________________
________. This air flows back to the poles.
The Coriolis Effect
Winds do not travel directly ___________ or ___________, because Earth is
____________________. The apparent curving of the path of winds and _____________
_____________________ due to the Earth’s rotation is called the ________________
_______________. Because of it, winds moving north in the Northern Hemisphere curve
to the _________, while winds traveling south curve to the ________.
Global Winds
The __________________ of ________________________ found at every 30° of
latitude and the ___________________ ______________ produces ______________
___________. The (3) major global wind systems are:
a) ___________________________________
b) ___________________________________
c) ___________________________________
Winds such as _______________________ and _______________________ are named
for the ___________________ from which they blow.
Polar Easterlies
The ________ _________ that extend from the poles to _______ latitude in both
________________________ are called the __________ _____________________.
They form when __________, _________________________ air moves from the poles
toward _______________________ and _______________________ latitude. In the
Northern Hemisphere, polar easterlies can carry _______ ___________ ____ over the
U.S., producing ____________ and _____________________ weather.
Westerlies
The wind belts found between ____________ and _________ latitude in both
hemispheres are called the ______________________. They flow toward the poles from
__________ to __________. They can carry ______________ _______ over the U.S.,
producing _______ and ________.
Trade Winds
In both hemispheres, the winds that blow from _________ latitude almost to the
_______________ are called ______________________________. The Coriolis effect
causes the trade winds to curve to the _________ in the _________________
Hemisphere and to the ________ in the ___________________ Hemisphere.
Why were they named Trade Winds? _________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
Reading Check Answer: ___________________________________________________
The Doldrums
The trade winds of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres meet in an area around the
equator called the _________________. In the doldrums, there is __________________
___________ because the ________, ______________ air creates an area of _____
________________. The name ‘doldrums’ mean _______ or __________________.
The Horse Latitudes
At about __________________ and ____________________ latitude, sinking air creates
_________________________________________. The winds at these locations are
__________. These areas are called the _______________________________.
How did these winds acquire such a name? ____________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
Most of the world’s ____________ are located in the horse latitudes because the
_______________________________________________.
Jet Streams: Atmospheric Conveyor Belts
Pilots can take advantage of _______________________ to arrive at their destination
faster than normal because they are narrow belts of _____-________ winds that blow in
the ________ _________________ and __________ ________________________.
These winds can reach maximum speeds of ______________.
How are jet streams different from other types of global winds? ____________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
Because jet streams _______________________________________________________,
meteorologists can track a storm if they know the location of a jet stream.
Local Winds
Local winds generally move _____________________________ and can blow from
__________________________. Local geographic features, such as a _______________
or a __________________, can produce __________________ _________________
that cause local winds.
Draw Figure 6 on a separate sheet of paper and give a brief description of how Sea and
Land Breezes are formed.
Mountain Breezes and Valley Breezes
____________ breezes and ___________ breezes are other examples of local winds
caused by an area’s geography.
Why does the wind tend to blow up the mountainside during the day vs. down the mountainside at
night? __________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________