Download Useful Formulae in Advanced Level Physics

Useful Formulae in Advanced Level Physics
2
  2r
A1.
a
A2.
a   2 x
simple harmonic motion
A3.
L  I
angular momentum of a rigid body
A4.
T
dL
dt
torque on a rotating body
A5.
E
1 2
I
2
energy stored in a rotating body
B1.

T
m
B2.

E
B3.
n  tan  p
B4.
d
B5.
d sin   n
B6.
f f(
B7.
10 log 10 (
C1.
F
C2.
V 
C3.
r 3 / T 2  constant
Q
E
40 r 2
C4.
r
centripetal acceleration
velocity of transverse wave motion in a solid
velocity of longitudinal wave motion in a solid

D
refractive index and polarising angle
fringe width in double-slit interference
a
  u0
)
  us
I2
)
I1
Gm1m2
r2
GM
r
diffraction grating equation
Doppler frequency
definition of the decibel
Newton’s law of gravitation
gravitational potential
Kepler’s third law
electric field due to a point charge
Q
C5.
V
C6.
E
V
d
electric field between parallel plates (numerically)
C7.
C
Q 0 A

V
d
capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor
C8.
Q  Q0e t / RC
decay of charge with time when a capacitor discharges
C9.
Q  Q0 (1  e t / RC )
rise of charge with time when charging a capacitor
C11.
1
E  CV 2
2
I  nAQ
C12.
R
C10.
C13.
C14.
C15.
electric potential due to a point charge
40 r
energy stored in a capacitor
general current flow equation
l
resistance and resistivity
A
F  BQ sin 
force on a moving charge in a magnetic field
F  BIl sin 
BI
V
nQt
force on a moving conductor in a magnetic field
Hall voltage
0 I
2r
C16.
B
C17.
B
C18.
F
C19.
T  BANI sin 
torque on a rectangular current carrying coil in a uniform magnetic field
C20.
E  BAN sin t
Vs N s

Vp N p
simple generator e.m.f.
C22.
E  LdI / dt
e.m.f. induced in an inductor
C23.
E
1 2
LI
2
energy stored in an inductor
C24.
X L  L
reactance of an inductor
C25.
XC 
1
C
reactance of a capacitor
C26.
P  IV cos
C27.
Vout / Vin   
C28.
V0  A0 (V  V )
C21.
magnetic field due to a long straight wire
 0 NI
magnetic field inside long solenoid
l
 0 I1 I 2
2r
force per unit length between long parallel straight current carrying conductors
ratio of secondary voltage to primary voltage in a transformer
power in an a.c. circuit
RL
RB
voltage gain of transistor amplifier in the common emitter configuration
output voltage of op amp (open-loop)
C29.
A
Rf
gain of inverting amplifier
D1.
Ri
R
A 1 f
Ri
pV  nRT  NkT
D2.
pV 
D3.
Ek 
3RT 3
 kT
2N A 2
D4.
E
F x
/
A L
macroscopic definition of Young modulus
D5.
E
1
Fx
2
energy stored in stretching
D6.
F 
D7.
E  k /r
C30.
1
Nmc 2
3
dU
dr
1
 2  gh
2
 constant
gain of non-inverting amplifier
equation of state for an ideal gas
kinetic theory equation
molecular kinetic energy
relationship between force and potential energy
microscopic interpretation of Young modulus
P
Bernoulli’s equation
D9.
U  Q  W
first law of thermodynamics
D10.
En  
D11.
N  N 0e  kt
D12.
t1 
D8.
2
13.6
eV
n2
In 2
k
energy level equation for hydrogen atom
law of radioactive decay
half-life and decay constant
D13.
1
m m2  hv  
2
Einstein’s photoelectric equation
D14.
E  mc2
mass-energy relationship