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IV Fluids Intravenous Fluids can supply two things: fluid volume, electrolytes, nutrients, and medications. These fluids are usually provided to: 1)Acutely expand intravascular volume; 2) To correct an underlying imbalance in fluids or electrolytes or 3) to compensate for an ongoing problem that is affecting either fluids or electrolytes; 4) give nutrition supplement or parenteral feeding; 5)act as medium for infusion of medicine. Drip Rates Controlling the infusion rate of IV fluids is a simple, yet an important calculation. Calculating the drip rate depends on the type of tubing that is being used. Two types of tubing: Macrodrip tubing Standard adult tubing 0 has a drip factor of either 10 gtts/ml of 15 gtts/mL. Microdrip tubing has a drip factor of 60 µgtts/mL. used for pediatric patients because it helps to maintain a closer watch on fluid volumes so as not to overload them. It is also used to precise infusion rates of drip medications. Drip Rate Formula: gtts/min = Volume to be infused in one hour x gtts/mL for drip factor Infusion time (60 minutes) Example: 1. An IV is initiated to a patient, the doctor want to set a TKVO (to keep vein open) rate, about 30 mL per hour. Using a macrodrip tubing with a drip factor of 15 gtts/mL. What is the drip rate? Gtts/min = 30mL/hr x 15 gtts/mL 6o mins = 7.5 gtts/min ~ 8 gtts/min 2. An IV fluid is given to a child, and a physician gives an order to run the Iv at 50 mL/hr. Using the microdrip tubing with a drip factor of 60 gtts/mL, what’s the drip rate? 1 Gtts/minute = 50 mL/hr x 60 µgtts/mL 60 mins = 50 µgtts/min 3. The physician orders IV fluids to hydrate a client. The order is written as “D5NS 4 Liters over 24 hours.” Looking at the package indicates the drip factor of the tubing is 15 gtts/mL What is the drip rate? Convert first the time, from hour to minutes: 24 (hr) x 60 (minutes) = 1440 minutes gtts/minute = 4000 mL/hr x 15 gtts/mL 1440 = 41.66 gtts/min ~ 42 gtts/min 1 1 Source: 2001 Intravenous therapy CME Package, York Region base hospital Program Markham Stouffville Hospital www.bhingkayz.com 2