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Download Ebola and Marburg
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Ebola Discovery • 1976 near Ebola River Valley in Africa Type of Virus • Negative sense RNA • Viral proteins • Enveloped Types Zaire Virus • 1976 • Most lethal and common form • 90% fatality rate Sudan Ebolavirus • 1976 • Fatality rate around 60% • Unknown carrier Reston Ebolavirus • • • • 1989 No effect on humans Only monkeys Crab-eating macaques Côte d'Ivoire Ebolavirus • 1994 • Found in chimps from Tai Forest • Little effect on humans Bundibugyo Ebolavirus • 2007 • 34% mortality rate • Uganda Ministry announced its end in 2008 Symptoms Initial Symptoms • • • • • Fever Headache Malaise Muscle pain Inflammation of pharynx 6 days later • • • • • • Vomiting Diarrhea Maculopapular rash Bleeding at needle sites & bodily orifices Hemorrhagic diathesis Blank expression Transmission Normal Transmission • • • • Natural reservoirs → humans Primate carcasses → humans Bodily fluids Airborne in labs Natural Reservoirs • • • • Primates* Bats Small rodents Duikers* • *high mortality = unlikely natural reservoir Hospitals • Major outbreaks have only occurred in African hospitals • Yambuku Hospital Distribution Ebola vs Marburg • Marburg less deadly than Ebola • Elicit different antibodies Source
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