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Study flow diagram
BB=blockers; HTN=hypertension; RCT=randomized controlled trial
Bangalore S. et al. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100:1254-62
Clinical trials comparing ß-blockers
with placebo or diuretics
Bangalore S. et al. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100:1254-62
Blood pressure response: ß-blockers
versus placebo or diuretics
Bangalore S. et al. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100:1254-62
Clinical trials comparing ß-blockers with
nondiuretic antihypertensive agents
Bangalore S. et al. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100:1254-62
Blood pressure response: ß-blockers versus
nondiuretic antihypertensive agents
Bangalore S. et al. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100:1254-62
Effect of ß-blockers on the risk for new-onset DM
when compared to nondiuretic antihypertensive
agents (CCBs, ACE inhibitors [ACEi], and ARBs)
Bangalore S. et al. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100:1254-62
Effect of different ß-blocker types on the risk for
new-onset DM compared with other agents
Bangalore S. et al. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100:1254-62
Meta-regression analysis
Bangalore S. et al. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100:1254-62
RR for new-onset DM (NODM) as a function of systolic
blood pressure (SBP) difference between
ß-blockers and nondiuretic antihypertensive agents
Bangalore S. et al. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100:1254-62
RR for new-onset DM as a function of
baseline fasting blood glucose levels
Bangalore S. et al. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100:1254-62
RR for new-onset DM as a
function of baseline BMI
Bangalore S. et al. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100:1254-62
RR for new-onset DM as a function
of length of follow-up
Bangalore S. et al. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100:1254-62
ß-blockers for primary hypertension: pathogenesis for
increased risk. BP=blood pressure SM=smooth muscle
Bangalore S. et al. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100:1254-62