Download The Effects of SWL and 3-Aminobenzamide (3

The Effects of SWL and 3-Aminobenzamide (3-AB) on the Levels of Serum Neopterın in
Experimental Rat Model
Introduction and Objectives: Kidney damage may occur during the body extracorporeal shock wave
lithotripsy (SWL) process. A few of the known mechanisms of such damage are inflammation, release
of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis due to excessive use of energy. Acute and chronic
inflammation of Poly (ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition, apoptosis inhibitory effect was
shown. 3-AB is a PARP inhibitor. Neopterin serves as a marker of cellular immune system and is
synthesised by macrophages and monocytes upon stimulation of Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Blood
neopterin level is the sign of acute infection. Neopterin is also an indicator of reactive oxygen species
in blood and decreases with the levels of reactive oxygen species. We have investigated changes in
the levels of neopterin on the rats due to SWL treatment.
Materials and Methods: Sprague Dowley type 24 rats were divided into three equal groups after right
nephrectomy as: control group, SWT performed and 3-AB treatment administered along with SWT.
SWT application to the left kidney was performed with 2000 pulses and a total of 15 joules of energy.
Tissues except the kidney were preserved by circle of protection. 3-AB was applied intraperitoneally,
20 mg/kg/day dose twice a day. Treatment was started 1 hour before SWT and was repeated for 3
days, twice a day. Nephrectomy was performed after the rats were sacrificed and blood samples were
taken. Neopterin levels were evaluated.
Results: In the control group the neopterin level was 6.000±0.737. The level of neopterin in the SWT
group was 4.900±0.624, and in SWT + 3-AB treatment group it was measured as 5.500±0.524.
Changes in the levels of neopterin were statistically different between the three groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy treatment leads to changes in the kidney due to
oxidative stress. 3-aminobenzamide treatment has a protective effect against the changes occurring
in the kidney. The decrease in the level of neopterin after SWL treatment and increasing by the use of
3-AB suggests that oxidative stress may not be connected to the cellular immune response. We
considered that neopterin is not useful in measuring the stress due to SWL treatment.