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Using Rhetoric and Persuading an Audience Need: Binder, SB text, and a highlighter What is rhetoric? Turn to page 65 in your SB text to find out! Rhetoric-The use of words to persuade either in writing or speech Rhetorical Appeals-Emotional, ethical, and logical appeals used to try to persuade an audience to agree with the writer or speaker The Rhetorical Triangle It is helpful to think of the rhetorical appeals as a triangle Logos – TEXT – What information, evidence, and logical reasoning are offered within the text? Pathos – AUDIENCE – What values, beliefs, and emotions are appealed to within the text? How does the text evoke the audience’s feelings? Ethos – SPEAKER – What perception of the speaker is created within the text? How does the text evoke the audience’s trust? Need more description of rhetorical appeals? Pathos (Emotional Appeals): Attempt to persuade the reader or listener by appealing to the senses and emotions Political Ads-politicians kiss babies or shake hands with the elderly Vivid Sensory Detail Awaken the senses and possibly manipulate the emotions of the audience Types cont’d Ethos (Ethical Appeals): Attempt to persuade the reader or listener by focusing on the qualifications or character of the speaker. Speaker’s credibility is a large part of the ethical appeal. Focus more on the speaker over the situation itself. ie: Experts or Celebrity Endorsements of Products ie: Teen’s argument that he or she should be allowed to do something because he or she has never been in trouble. Type #3 Logos (Logical Appeals): Attempt to persuade readers or listeners by leading them down the road of logic. Allows audience to draw their own conclusions. State facts and show how the facts are interrelated If/them statements are examples Take a look at page 66 in your SB text For number 1: 1. Read each example 2. Write the part of the rhetorical triangle in which each would fit. Take a look at page 66 in your SB text For number 2: 1. Write your own examples for each part of the rhetorical triangle Persuasion vs. Argument What do think the difference is between persuasion and argument? Which appeals go where? Persuasion – relies more on the speaker’s or writer’s credibility (ethos) and on the emotional appeals made to the audience (pathos) Argument – relies on reason and logical appeals (logos) Try it out… Which part of the rhetorical triangle should be emphasized if you want to convince your audience of the validity of your claim? Respond on page 66. As you read the following speech by President Barack Obama, mark the text for examples of logos, ethos, and pathos! Page 67 in your SB text SMELL SMELL what? Check out page 71 in your SB text! S – Sender M – Message E – Emotional Strategies L – Logical strategies L – Language Use the hints and questions on page 71 to complete the SMELL organizer on page 72. Think about how President Obama uses the different rhetorical appeals to persuade his audience. Include specific quotes and textual evidence to answer the questions in the graphic organizer.
