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Cell Division Going Wrong: Cancer Cancer is not one disease, but rather a group of diseases in which cells grow and divide out of control. They result from a change in DNA that controls the cell cycle. Therefore, cells do not remain in interphase for the normal amount of time. The checkpoints (learned earlier) fail and daughter cells continue to divide uncontrollably. Since the cells are growing and dividing so rapidly, they deprive normal cells of nutrients and energy. The uncontrolled growth and division may create a rapidly growing mass of cells creating a lump called a tumour. If the cells of the tumour stay together and have no affect on surrounding cells, it is called a benign tumour. Cells in a benign tumour are not cancerous. A malignant tumour interferes with the function of neighbouring cells and tissues, such as enzyme or hormone production. Cells in a malignant tumour are cancerous. Some types of cancer may have a hereditary or environmental cause or both. It is not an infectious disease. Complete the following activities to learn about the different aspects of cancer. (Write your answers on lined paper.) Be sure to include the definitions of any bold terms. Part A – Cell Growth Rates and Cancer Graph 1 -___________________________________________________ Part B – Causes of Cancer On lined paper Part C – Cancer Screening On lined paper Part D – Reducing Your Cancer Risk Table 1 – Survival Rates for Different Types of Cancer After five years Deaths Survival rate Type of Cancer New Cases Lung 19 600 16 600 Breast 17 000 5400 Colon 16 300 6300 Prostrate 14 300 4100 Bladder 4800 1350 Kidney 3700 1350 Leukemia 3200 1110 15% Table 2 – Sun Survey Results Percent of Class who: Regularly practice Sun protection behaviours in the summer. Suffered at least one major sunburn in the summer. Average number of hours per day spent in the Sun during the summer. Part E – Diagnosing & Treating Cancer On lined paper. 13 – 16 years old Male Female Table 1 – Sun Survey Record your answers on the class data sheet. 13 – 16 years old Male Yes Do you regularly practice Sun protection behaviours in the summer? Did you suffer at least one major sunburn in the summer? How many hours per day do spend in the Sun during the summer? Female No Yes No