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Review 4.1/4.2
1. The ancient Greek philosopher, _______________________________, believed that all matter consisted of
extremely small particles that could not be divided.
2. The Greek philosopher, mentioned in the previous question, thought that there were different types of atoms
with specific sets of properties. (true, false)
3. Aristotle thought that all matter was built up from only four elements. These elements were
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4. Dalton suggested that compounds have a fixed composition. Explain that statement.
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5. Dalton proposed that atoms could be divided into smaller particles. (true, false)
6. The main points of Dalton’s theory of the atom are:
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7. Sketch the device Thomson used in his experiments. See p. 103
8. Your text states that the glowing beam in Thomson’s device bent toward a positively charged plate. What does
this tell you about the charge on the particles making up the beam?
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9. Thomson’s experiment provided the first evidence that
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10. Describe Thomson‘s model.
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11. The term used to describe Thomson’s model of the atom is the
“__________________________________________”
12. Sketch the device used in Rutherford’s gold foil experiment.
13. Describe the particles shot at the gold foil in Rutherford’s experiment?
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14. Based on Thomson’s model, what did Rutherford expect to happen when he performed his gold foil
experiment.___________________________________________________________________________________
15. What was the outcome of Rutherford’s experiment?
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16. What did Rutherford conclude from the results of his experiment?
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17. The ___________________________is the dense, positively charged mass located in the center of an atom.
18. Complete the following table. (see p109)
Particle
Symbol
Relative Charge
Relative Mass
(proton=1)
Actual Mass
(g)
Location
19. Each nucleus must contain at least one proton. (true, false)
20. Each nucleus must contain at least one neutron. (true, false)
21. Scientist who designed an experiment to show the existence of the neutron. _____________________
22. Scientists are unable to see inside an atom, so what they know about subatomic particles is based on
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23, The _____________________________tells us the number of protons in a nucleus and what element we are
investigating.
24, The number of protons in an element must be balanced by the same number of _________________
to make the atom electrically neutral.
25. The _________________________________is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
26. To calculate the number of neutrons in a nucleus what operation do you perform?
27. Why do isotopes of an element have different mass numbers? ________________________________
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28. With most elements, it is difficult to notice any difference in the physical or chemical properties of the isotopes.
(true, false)
29. The name we would give to an isotope of oxygen having 8 protons and 9 neutrons would be
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