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positive regulation negative regulation
stage of
development signal
receptor
+
adenyl
cyclase
MAPK
MAPK
transcription
factor
X
heterotrimeric
G protein
dissociation
protein kinase
Talbot Ann Rev of Microbiol 2003
spore tip mucilage
Howard and Valent Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 1996
chitin
WT
albino
melanin
appressorium
pore
Howard and Valent 1996
melanin biosynthesis
Howard and Valent 1996
Collapse
high concentration
of non-permeable
solute
conidium
germ tube
appressorium
sonicated cells
Howard and Valent 1996
Cosegregation of the appressorium
deficiency phenotype
with the mpg1::Hph deletion allele.
WT
mpg1-
hygS
hygR
hygS
MPG1 directs formation of the
hydrophobic rodlet layer of conidia.
WT
mpg1-
hygR
WT mpg1MPG1+
MPG1+
Reintroduction of MPG1
restores pathogenicity,
appressorium development and
cell surface hydrophobicity
mpg1-;hygR
MPG1-;hygS
Talbot et al 1996
appressoria build turgor
during incubation
1-6 > hardness
water incubation
softer = earlier
penetration
PEG > conc
>hardness
= lower pressure to
inhibit penetration
Howard et al 1991
homeodomain
WT
Zn finger
mutants
Park et al 2004
WT
mst1-
appressoria
can form
can’t
penetrate
no peg
From Park et al 2004
MST1 is dispensable for mobilization
of glycogen and lipid storage molecules
A.
Glycogen stained with iodine
moved from conidia
to appressoria and degraded
B.
Lipid droplets stained with Nile Red
Upper =DIC
Lower = epifluorescence
Park et al 2004