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Visualization of Primo Vascular System above and in Pia Mater of Rat Brain
and Spine: Alcian Blue Method
Ho-Sung Lee1,2 and Byung-Cheon Lee1,3*, PhD
1. Pharmacopuncture Medical Research Center, Korean Pharmacopuncture Institute, Seoul 157200, Korea
2. Graduate School of Integrative Medicine, Sunmoon University, Asan, Korea
3. Ki Primo Research Laboratory, KAIST Institute for Information Technology Convergence,
Division of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
(*Correspondance: [email protected])
BACKGROUND Based on Bonghan theory for anatomical reality of acupuncture meridian [1]
and our model, “Bonghan-Fascia Model” [2], we found that networks of primo nodes (Bonghan
corpuscles) and primo vessels (Bonghan ducts) exist above and in pia maters of rat brains and
spines.
METHODS Wistar rats were deeply anesthetized. Alcian blue (1%) in saline was in vivo injected
into a lateral ventricle of rat brain. After several hours we examined rat brain and spine under
stereomicroscope. AB stained primo nodes and primo vessels were stained by DAPI and
Phalloidin.
RESULTS Figure A and B show an illustration and visualized networks of primo vessels (PV)
and primo nodes (PN) above and in pia mater of rat brain. Figure C is a fluorescence light
microscopic image of PV and PN to show a lot of cells. Inset D shows PN consists of F-actins.
CONCLUSION In vivo staining of alcian blue (AB) visualized primo vascular system (Bonghan
system) above and in pia maters of rat brains and spines. Our data suggest that nerve primo
vascular system is coexisted with fascia of central nerve system.
REFERENCES
[1] Kim BH. On the Kyungrak system. J Acad Med Sci DPR Korea 1963; 90: 1-35, 1963.
[2] Lee BC, Soh KS. A novel model for meridian: Bonghan systems combined with fascia
(Bonghan-Fascia Model). In Proceedings, Fascia Research II: Basic Science and Implications
for Conventional and Complementary Healthcare. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2009:144.
A. Illustration of primo vascular system above and in pia mater of rat brain B. Visualized images (dotted
rectangle of A) of primo nodes (circle) and primo nodes (arrows) above pia mater of rat brain (Scale bar:
100µm). C. Fluorescence image of DAPI-stained nuclei in a primo node and primo vessel (arrows) (Scale
bar: 33µm). D. A primo node has a lot of F-actins (red color)