Download Cancer factsheet June 2015

Joint Strategic Needs Assessment
People make healthy choices for healthy lifestyles - Cancer
Last updated: June 2015
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Summary
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Prevalence – As at the end of 2010,
around 5,100 people living on the Isle of
Wight were living with cancer up to and
beyond 20 years after diagnosis. This
could rise to an estimated 9,900 by 2030.
With regard to mortality rates, one year
survival rates and patient experience (for
persons) the Isle of Wight is in line with the
England average.
The incidence in males of all cancer (all
ages) on the Isle of Wight is statistically
significantly lower (better) than the
England average.
Mortality from cancer in males is
significantly higher (worse) than in females
for both the Isle of Wight and the England
average.
Source: Cancer Intelligence Network
Background
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Some cancers may eventually spread into
other tissues.
There are more than 200 different types of
cancer.
1 in 3 people in the UK will get cancer in
their lifetime.
Cancer starts when gene changes make one cell
or a few cells begin to grow and multiply too
much. This may cause a growth called a tumour.
A primary tumour is the name for where a cancer
starts. Cancer can sometimes spread to other
parts of the body – this is called a secondary
tumour or a metastasis.
Cancer and its treatments can affect body
systems, such as the blood circulation, lymphatic
and immune systems, and the hormone system.
Most cancers start due to gene changes that
happen over a person’s lifetime. More rarely
cancers start due to inherited faulty genes passed
down in families (Cancer Research UK, 2014).
There are significant inequalities in cancer, which
contribute to the gap in life expectancy between
the most deprived and least deprived areas.
Cancer incidence (the number / rate of people
newly diagnosed) and mortality are generally
higher among:
• men compared with women;
• deprived groups compared with affluent groups
(though breast cancer has a higher incidence in
more affluent groups, mortality is actually
higher in less affluent women);
• older compared with younger people.
Cancer is one of the 3 main causes of death, both
nationally and on the Isle of Wight (the others
being cardiovascular disease and respiratory
disease). In both England and the Isle of Wight,
cancer accounted for 27% of all deaths in the
period 2006-08.
These inequalities can occur at every stage of the
patient pathway, including awareness, incidence,
access to treatment and care, patient experience,
survival and mortality. Potentially avoidable
lifestyle factors (such as smoking, obesity, alcohol
consumption and physical inactivity) almost
certainly account for most of the variance in
cancer incidence between the most and least
deprived areas (Macmillan, 2015).
The level of population need
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Cancer is when abnormal cells divide in an
uncontrolled way.
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This report shows information about cancer
experienced by Isle of Wight residents,
considering ‘all cancers’, and the 4 most common
cancers (in terms of incidence and mortality) –
breast, colorectal, lung and prostate cancer.
All cancers all ages (Incidence)
Figure 1 shows the incidence of all cancers (all
ages) for the Isle of Wight and its comparator
areas. For the pooled period 2008 to 2010, 2,671
(370.73 Directly Standardised Rate or DSR per
100,000) cases of cancer were diagnosed; the
Isle of Wight is not statistically significantly
different from the England average and is only
statistically significantly lower (better) than one of
its ONS comparator group. There has been no
Produced by Isle of Wight Council Public Health Information Team
People make healthy choices for healthy lifestyles - Cancer
Last updated: October 2014
statistically significant increase or decrease in the
incidence of all cancers since the 1995.
For the pooled period 2008 to 2010 the incidence
for the Isle of Wight of all cancers (all ages) for
males (DSR 376 per 100,000) is statistically
significantly lower (better) than the England
average (DSR 419 per 100,000. The incidence in
females (DSR 372 per 100,000) is not statistically
significantly different from the England average
(DSR 365 per 100,000). Also, for the Isle of Wight
the incidence of all cancer (all ages) between
males and females, although higher (worse) in
males is not statistically significant from the
incidence in females.
Figure 2:
Incidence of all cancers (under 75s) Isle of Wight and ONS Comparators:
2007 to 2009 (Pooled) PERSONS
Blackpool UA
Portsmouth UA
Thanet CD
Great Yarmouth CD
Dover CD
Torbay UA
Southampton UA
Weymouth and Portland CD
England
Cornwall UA
Waveney CD
NB Directly standardised rate (DSR) is a rate that
is calculated using the standard population and
the local age specific rates applied. This is done
to overcome the effect of confounding variables
such as the age structure of a population.
Isle of Wight UA
Allerdale CD
Shepway CD
Scarborough CD
Hampshire CC
Figure1:
Carlisle CD
Incidence of all cancers (all ages) - Isle of Wight and
ONS Comparators: 2008 to 2010 (Pooled) PERSONS
0
100
200
300
400
Directly standardised incidence rate per 100,000 population
Blackpool UA
Weymouth and Portland CD
Source: Compendium of Population Health Indicators, NHS Information Centre
Thanet CD
https://indicators.ic.nhs.uk
Portsmouth UA
Torbay UA
Figure 3 shows the incidence of cancer over a 3
year aggregate period comparing the three
localities of the Isle of Wight
Great Yarmouth CD
Southampton UA
Dover CD
England
Figure 3:
Waveney CD
Crude Cancer Incidence (all ages): Rate Per 100,000:
3 Year Aggregate 2012/13 to 2014/15
Cornwall UA
Allerdale CD
Carlisle CD
900
Scarborough CD
800
Shepway CD
700
Isle of Wight UA
600
Hampshire CC
500
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Directly standardised incidence rate per 100,000 population
Source: Compendium of Population Health Indicators, NHS Information Centre
https://indicators.ic.nhs.uk
All cancers aged under 75 (Incidence)
Figure 2 shows the incidence of all cancers
(under 75) for the Isle of Wight and its comparator
areas. For the pooled period 2007 to 2009 there
were 1,634 (298 DSR per 100,000) Isle of Wight
residents aged under 75 diagnosed with cancer.
The Isle of Wight is not statistically significantly
different from the England average and is only
statistically significantly lower (better) than one of
its ONS comparator group. There has been no
statistically significant increase or decrease in the
incidence of all cancers (under 75) since 1995.
400
300
200
100
0
West & Central
Wight
North East
Wight
South Wight
Isle of Wight
Source: Somerset Cancer Registry
Breast cancer (Incidence)
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in the
UK. Around 55,000 people are diagnosed with
breast cancer each year. Of these, about 350 are
men. Nationally, just over 80% of breast cancers
occur in women who are over the age of 50.
Nearly half of all cases are diagnosed in people in
the 50-69 age group.
The estimated risk of developing breast cancer
according to age:
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Last updated: October 2014
Risk up to age 29, 1 in 2,000.
Risk up to age 39, 1 in 215.
Risk up to age 49, 1 in 50.
Risk up to age 59, 1 in 22.
Risk up to age 69, 1 in 13.
Lifetime risk, 1 in 8
prostate cancer has been increasing over time;
for the period 1995/97 the rate was 62.3 DSR per
100,000 statistically significantly lower (better)
than the 2008/10 rate (91.9). This trend is in line
with the England average.
Figure 5:
(Breast Cancer Care, 2015).
Incidence of prostate cancer (all ages) - Isle of Wight and ONS
Comparators: 2008 to 2010 (Pooled) MALES
Because breast cancer is more common in
women who are over the age of 50, women aged
50 to 70 are invited for routine breast screening
every three years.
Thanet CD
Dover CD
Shepway CD
Great Yarmouth CD
Waveney CD
England
Figure 4 shows the incidence of breast cancer
(all ages) for the Isle of Wight and its comparator
area. For the pooled period 2008 to 2010 there
were 449 women diagnosed with breast cancer
(138.67 DSR per 100,000). Although the Isle of
Wight has the highest (worse) incidence of breast
cancer it is not statistically significantly different to
the England average and is only statistically
significantly higher than Shepway. There has
been no statistically significant increase or
decrease in the incidence of breast cancer since
1995.
Torbay UA
Weymouth and Portland CD
Cornwall UA
Isle of Wight UA
Carlisle CD
Blackpool UA
Hampshire CC
Allerdale CD
Southampton UA
Scarborough CD
Portsmouth UA
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Directly standardised incidence rate per 100,000 males
Source: Compendium of Population Health Indicators, NHS Information Centre https://indicators.ic.nhs.uk
Figure 4:
Colorectal cancer (Incidence)
Incidence of breast cancer (all ages) - Isle of Wight and ONS
Comparators: 2008 to 2010 (Pooled) FEMALES
For the pooled period 2008 to 2010 the number of
people on the Isle of Wight diagnosed with
colorectal cancer is 180 males (DSR 51.3 per
100,000) and 155 females (DSR 38.6 per
100,000). These rates are not statistically
significantly different to the Isle of Wight
comparator areas or the England average, which
is 58.9 for men and 38.5 for females. There is no
statistically significant difference in the incidence
of colorectal cancer between males and females
for the Isle of Wight, however for the England
average male incidence is statistically significant
worse (higher) than for females.
Isle of Wight UA
Blackpool UA
Portsmouth UA
Torbay UA
Cornwall UA
Southampton UA
Hampshire CC
England
Scarborough CD
Dover CD
Weymouth and Portland CD
Allerdale CD
Carlisle CD
Thanet CD
Waveney CD
Great Yarmouth CD
Lung cancer (Incidence)
Shepway CD
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Directly standardised incidence rate per 100,000 females
Source: Compendium of Population Health Indicators, NHS Information Centre https://indicators.ic.nhs.uk
Prostate cancer (Incidence)
Figure 5 shows the incidence of prostate cancer
(all ages) for the Isle of Wight and its comparator
areas. For the pooled period 2008 to 2010 there
were 346 men diagnosed with prostate cancer
(91.9 DSR per 100,000). The Isle of Wight has a
statistically significantly lower (better) rate than
three of its comparator areas, but is not
statistically significantly different to the England
average. For the Isle of Wight, the incidence of
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Figure 6 shows the incidence of lung cancer on
the Isle of Wight and its comparator areas. For
the pooled period 2008 to 2010, 152 (DSR 40.64
per 100,000) males and 136 females (DSR 30.57
per 100,000) were diagnosed with lung cancer.
The rate for females is statistically significantly
better (lower) than the England average (DSR
37.3 per 100,000) and 3 of the Isle of Wight’s
comparator area. For males, the incidence is
statistically significantly better than the England
average (DSR 56.5 per 100,000) and 10 of the
Isle of Wight comparator area. Although the
incidence is higher in males than females, this
difference is not statistically significant for the Isle
Produced by Isle of Wight Council Public Health Information Team
People make healthy choices for healthy lifestyles - Cancer
Last updated: October 2014
of Wight, however for the England average male
incidence is statistically significant worse (higher)
than for females.
Figure 6:
Incidence of lung cancer (all ages) - Isle of Wight and ONS
Comparators: 2008 to 2010 (Pooled) MALE and FEMALE
Blackpool UA
Portsmouth UA
Southampton UA
Great Yarmouth CD
All cancer all ages (Mortality)
Figure 8 shows the age standardised mortality
rate per 100,000 from all cancer all ages for the
Isle of Wight and its comparator areas. The Isle of
Wight (DSR 300.1 per 100,000) is not statistically
significantly different to the England average
(DSR 290per 100,000) but is statistically
significantly higher (worse) than West Hampshire
(ONS comparator area).
Carlisle CD
Figure 8:
Weymouth and Portland CD
Mortality from all Cancers: Age standardised rate per
100,000 All Ages: Isle of Wight
Allerdale CD
Scarborough CD
Thanet CD
Blackpool
Thanet
Southampton
IOW
Portsmouth
Great Yarmouth and Waveney
England
South Dorset and Torbay
Hastings and Rotherham
South East Hampshire
Cumbria
Dorset
North Hampshire
West Hampshire
England
Torbay UA
Waveney CD
Dover CD
Shepway CD
Cornwall UA
Hampshire CC
Isle of Wight UA
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0
50
Directly standardised incidence rate per 100,000 population
100
150
200
250
Rate per 100,000
300
350
400
Source: Compendium of Population Health Indicators, NHS Information Centre https://indicators.ic.nhs.uk
All cancer age 75+ (Mortality)
There has been a steady decline in the incidence
of lung cancer since 1985 when the DSR per
100,000 for persons was 56.6 compared to 35.1
in 2010, this decline is statistically significant.
All cancer aged under 75 (Mortality)
Figure 7 shows that mortality from cancer in those
aged under 75 on the Isle of Wight has declined
steadily in line with the England average. It also
shows that in deaths from cancer in males is
significantly higher (worse) than for females.
Figure 9 shows the age standardised mortality
rate age 75+ for the Isle of Wight and its ONS
comparator area. The Isle of Wight rate (DSR
1851.8 per 100,000) is not statistically
significantly different to the England average rate
(DSR 1754 per 100,000), but is statistically
significantly higher (worse) than West Hampshire
(ONS comparator area).
Figure 9:
Mortality from all Cancers: Age standardised rate per 100,000 Age 75+
Isle of Wight
NHS Thanet CCG
NHS Isle Of Wight CCG
It should be noted that there is no statistically
significant difference in the incidence of all cancer
(all ages) between males and females on the Isle
of Wight.
NHS Southampton CCG
All England
NHS Portsmouth CCG
NHS Blackpool CCG
NHS North Hampshire CCG
NHS Great Yarmouth and Waveney CCG
NHS South Devon and Torbay CCG
NHS South Eastern Hampshire CCG
NHS Cumbria CCG
NHS Hastings and Rother CCG
Figure 7:
NHS Dorset CCG
NHS West Hampshire CCG
Mortality from All Cancers (Under 75s):
DSR per 100,000 from 2002-04 to 2010-12 : BY GENDER
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Rate per 100,000
160
140
Childhood cancer 1-14 year olds
120
100
80
IW Males
England Males
IW Females
England Females
60
2002-04
2003-05
2004-06
2005-07
2006-08
2007-09
2008-10
2009-11
2010-12
Childhood cancer is rare, in the UK between 2010
and 2012 there were an average of 245 deaths
per year. The Isle of Wight figures have been
supressed due to small numbers (less than 5).
The Isle of Wight is not an outlier for childhood
cancer.
Sources: Compendium of Clinical and Health Indicators / Clinical and Health Outcomes Knowledge Base (www.nchod.nhs.uk or
nww.nchod.nhs.uk).
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People make healthy choices for healthy lifestyles - Cancer
Last updated: October 2014
References
Breast Cancer Care. (2015, June). What is breast
cancer. Retrieved June 15, 2015, from Breast
Cancer Care:
https://www.breastcancercare.org.uk/inform
ation-support/have-i-got-breast-cancer/whatbreast-cancer
Cancer Research UK. (2014). What is cancer. Retrieved
January 26, 2015, from Cancer Research UK:
http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/what-is-cancer
Macmillan. (2015). About Cancer. Retrieved January
26, 2015, from Macmillan:
http://www.macmillan.org.uk/Cancerinformat
ion/Aboutcancer/AboutcancerHome.aspx
Useful websites
Cancer Intelligence Network http://www.ncin.org.uk/home
Cancer Research UK
http://www.cancerresearchuk.org
Breast cancer care
https://www.breastcancercare.org.uk/informationsupport/have-i-got-breast-cancer/what-breast-cancer
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