Download Name: Class #:______ Presentation 5: HIV and AIDS Supershort

Name:_____________________________________________ Class #:________
Presentation 5: HIV and AIDS
Supershort Assignment #3: With a partner discuss 3 reasons why you think the
number of HIV cases in teenagers is rising. What are some ways to reduce this
trend?
HIV AROUND THE WORLD
 AIDS is a ______________________, a disease that spreads quickly through human
populations all over the world.
 The origin is _________ One theory is that someone in rural Cameroon was bitten by a
chimp or was cut while butchering one and became infected with the ape virus. It mutated
and was eventually passed to someone else.
 AIDS was first discovered in the USA in the early ____________
 Since 1981, more than 980,000 cases of AIDS have been reported in the US to the CDC.
 According to the CDC, more than __________________ Americans may be infected with
HIV, ¼ of whom are unaware of their infection.
Teens and HIV/AIDS
 The rate of 13-24 year olds living with HIV/AIDS has increased from 11, 500 to almost
14,000 between 2000-2003.
Teens at Risk
 Each year, about 40,000 new cases of HIV infection occur in the U.S.; half occur in people
under the ________________.
 AIDS cases among people between the ages of 13 and 19 totaled 4,219. (June 2001)
 HIV is the 7th leading cause of death in the U.S. among ages 5-14 and 6th for ages 15-24.
 HIV can ______________________________ who engages in high-risk behavior, regardless
of sexual orientation, gender, or age.
What are HIV and AIDS?
 HIV and AIDS are DIFFERENT!
 _________________________________________________ (HIV) is the virus that primarily
infects cells of the immune system and that causes AIDS.
 ____________________________________________________________ (AIDS) is the
disease that is caused by HIV infection, which weakens the immune system.
 ______________________ a disease that spread quickly through human population all over
the world.
How HIV infects the body
 Have you ever been near someone with a contagious infection, such as a cold, but you didn’t
get sick?
 One reason why is that your ____________________________ was strong enough to fight
the infection.
 Now imagine that your immune system didn’t work…this is what happens after HIV infects
the body.
The Process of HIV
 _______________________________ are the white blood cells that activate the
immune response and that are the primary target cells of HIV infection.
 HIV uses helper T cells to make _______________ of itself, killing the helper T cells in the
process.
 As helper T cell counts drop, the body loses its ability to fight off other infections and certain
cancers.
 An ___________________________________ (OI) is an illness due to an organism
that causes disease in people with weakened immune systems.
Phases of HIV and AIDS
 Phase I of HIV infection is the ______________________________ stage, which
means the infection is present but there are few or no symptoms. This phase can last 10
years or more.
 Phase II , the ____________________________ stage is marked by the beginning or
worsening of symptoms as the immune system fails.
 Phase III marks the beginning of AIDS. The helper T cell count is ________________ and
AIDS-defining conditions develop, such as opportunistic infections.
 *AIDS is FATAL and many people die from infections the immune system cannot fight, not
AIDS itself.
Contracting “getting” AIDS
 Being infected with HIV doesn’t mean the person has AIDS.
 It usually takes _____________________ for a person who is infected with HIV to develop
AIDS is the person has not received treatment.
 People with AIDS ________________________________________________ that a healthy
person’s immune system could easily defeat.
 AIDS patients suffer from and often die from these illnesses.
How HIV is Spread
1. During sexual contact, which includes ___________________________________________,
with an infected person
2. Through sharing needles or other intravenous injection equipment with an infected person
3. Through ______________ with blood, such as an open sore/cut to an infected person’s
blood.
4. From an infected mother to her infant before or during the birth process or by breast-feeding.
The REALITY of AIDS
 There is still _______________ for AIDS.
 Once the virus infects a person’s body, there is no way to _________________ the virus.
 Most people with HIV infection eventually develop AIDS.
 Learning about HIV and AIDS and protecting yourself from being infected is ____________
____________________________!
Behaviors that are SAFE
 Donating Blood and Blood Transfusions
 Previously receiving blood transfusion from an infected person used to be a common way to
get an HIV infection.
 Since _________ all the blood collecting in the U.S. has been tested for the presence of HIV
and other diseases. Tainted blood is ______________________.
 With new technology and screening this problem has practically been eliminated.
 Donating blood is safe when done at a blood bank or any established blood collection center.
This is by using _______________________________, new needles for each donor.
Preventing HIV/AIDS: Eliminate the Risks!
1. Practice abstinence.
2. Avoid drugs. Don’t share contaminated needles or have sex with drug abusers.
3. Avoid contact with blood and body fluids. Don’t share _______________________
(razors, syringes, piercing/tattoo needles).
4. Have sexual ________________. Both partners agree to only have sex with one another.
If one partner has engaged in risky behaviors, he/she should be tested for HIV and STDs.
Universal Precautions
 Universal precautions are a set of procedures used to avoid contact with ______________
___________________ and reduce the risk of spreading HIV and other diseases.
 Some examples:
 Wear latex or vinyl ________________ before coming into contact with another person’s
blood or body fluids.


Handle and dispose of all bodily fluids or tissues in a safe manner.
Use __________________________ supplies or equipment when practical (some equipment
might go through a sterilization process).
Testing for HIV
 The only way a person can know for certain whether or not he or she is infected with HIV is
to have a _________________________ by trained medical professional.
 These tests are performed at a hospital, health clinic, or a local health department.
 Laws protect the _______________________________ of test results.
 A person who is diagnosed as being infected with HIV is said to be HIV-positive.
Testing for HIV: HIV has 3 testing stages to ensure accurate results.
• Stage 1: an HIV test screens a person’s blood for HIV ___________________.
• Stage 2: Since HIV antibodies can take up to ______________ to appear, a second test is
done 3 months later to verify the results.
• After the second test, if HIV antibodies are not detected (negative) the person does not
require further testing at this time.
• If HIV antibodies are detected in the second test (positive), then a third test is done to
confirm the results.
• Stage 3: if the 2nd and 3rd test are both positive. A different method is used for the 4th
test. A person must test positive in tests 2, 3, and 4 to be diagnosed as ________________.
Treating HIV and AIDS
 ______________ exists for HIV and AIDS. Treatment can help an infected person survive
longer.
 ___________________________________________________ is an AIDS treatment
program in which patients take more than one drug.
 Drugs for treating HIV can have severe side effects, can lose their effectiveness over time,
are expensive, and require diligence and commitment.
HIV/STD HOTLINE: 800-678-1595