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Cytoplasm 1. Fluid in the cell 2. About 70% Water, 30% Proteins, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids, and Ions. 3. Where most chemical Reactions Occur 4. Consistency of Gelatin Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane) 1. 2. 3. 4. Mostly Phospholipids Bilayer Separates the Cell from Environment Selectively Permeable Contains Different Types of Transport Proteins 1. 2. 3. 4. Control Center of the Cell Contains DNA and RNA Separated From the Cell By Nuclear Membrane Contains Nucleolus. Nucleus Nucleolus 1. Dark Area Within Nucleus 2. Where the assembly of Ribosomes begins Cytoskeleton 1. Gives the Cell their shape and Internal Organization 2. Network of protein filaments (microfilaments and microtubules) 3. Also involve in movement Vacuole 1. Fluid Filled, Membrane Bound Structure 2. Reservoir for Food, Water, and Minerals Chloroplasts 1. 2. 3. 4. Photosynthesis Occurs Here Contains Chlorophyll Traps Light Energy to Produce Sugars Found in Leaf Cells 1. 2. 3. 4. Thick Outer Layer of Plant Cells Helps in Structure and Support of Plants Made of Cellulose Seen by Robert Hooke in 1665 Cell Wall Ribosomes 1. Makes Proteins from Amino Acids 2. Composed of RNA and Protein 3. Are both Free & Attached to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum 4. Organelle of Protein Synthesis Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum 1. Flattened Interconnected tube-like structure 2. Site where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled and exported from the cell Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum 1. Flattened Interconnected tube-like structure 2. Ribosomes are attached to this endoplasmic reticulum. 3. Site where proteins are assembled and exported from the cell Mitochondria (Mitochondrion) 1. 2. 3. 4. Power Plant of the Cell Contains Inner and Outer Membrane Cellular Respiration Occurs Here Breaks down Organic Molecules to Produce Energy Golgi Apparatus (Golgi Body) 1. Flattened, Slightly Curved Sacs 2. Packages and Sorts Proteins 3. Ships Protein to their Destination Centrioles 1. Microtubules found in animal cells 2. Located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division Lysosome 1. 2. 3. 4. Contains Digestive Enzymes Breaks Down Food Breaks Down Cell Invaders If It Were to Break Open It Would Digest Entire Cell