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Variant Prioritization in Disease
Studies
1. Remove common SNPs
Credit: goldenhelix.com
2. Remove common exonic SNPs
(from large WES studies)
Credit: goldenhelix.com
3. Select amino acid changing
variants
Credit: goldenhelix.com
4. Find variants that have potential
functional effect
Credit: goldenhelix.com
Predicting functional effects
• Conservation across species
• Amino acid properties
• Protein structure
• Transmembrane regions, signal peptides etc.
Annovar: Annotate variants with
all these annotations
• http://www.openbioinformatics.org/annovar/
• Web version: http://wannovar.usc.edu/
Web ANNOVAR - basic
Web ANNOVAR - Advanced
Most times that’s still not enough to
find a causative variant
If the list is still too large and/or no obvious
candidate variant stands out…
Then we go ‘digging’ in the context of existing
knowledge about genes, their product functions
and known involvement in phenotypes and
diseases…
Typical questions bioinformaticists ask (or should):
• Is the variant in a known disease gene?
• Is it in a gene involved in a related disease?
• Does the gene have a function that coincides
with the pathology, biochemistry, etc?
• Is the gene product in a pathway associated
with the disease?
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