Download Chapter 15-1 :Breeding New Organisms I. Selective breeding

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Chapter 15-1 :Breeding New Organisms
I. Selective breeding- choosing individuals with desired
characteristics as breeding stock for a new generation.
A. Appaloosa- a breed of horse produced by Native American
tribes
B. Hybridization- crossing two dissimilar organisms to get the
best qualities from each
1) Hybrid vigor- dominant characteristics that are expressed in a
hybrid (mutt)
2) Inbreeding- continuous breeding of closely related
individuals (purebred dogs)
C. Mutations- a change in genetic information which is
inheritable
1) Chromosomal mutations- a change that involves the number
or structure of an individual's chromosomes
2) Gene mutations- a change that involves only a few
nucleotides or genes on a chromosome
a. Point mutation- a change in a single base pair
b. Frameshift mutations- the insertion or deletion of a
nucleotide which causes a shift in the reading of the colons
3) Mutations can be harmful (deleterious) or helpful (beneficial)
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