Download Prokaryotic Genome Anatomy

BME 130 – Genomes
Lecture 15
Prokaryotic Genome
Anatomy
Administrivia
Student-led paper discussion next Wed
No nuclear envelope. Instead, a nucleoid
Figure 8.1 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Genome can be naturally
compacted by supercoiling it
Figure 8.2 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Model for genome organization
Figure 8.3 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Figure 8.4 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Plasmid and extra-chromosomal elements
complicate the question of what is the genome
Figure 8.5 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Table 8.1 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Table 8.2 part 1 of 2 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Figure 8.2 part 2 of 2 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Prokaryotic genomes are gene-dense
Figure 8.6 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Figure 8.7 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Absence of repeat sequence
simplifies assembly
From 384 assembled
bacterial and archaeal
genomes
Kingsford et al. BMC Bioinformatics 2010 11:21 doi:10.1186/1471-2105-11-21
Gene organization in
prokaryotic genomes
Figure 8.8a Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Figure 8.8b Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Rule breaker: an operon from Aquifex aeolicus
Figure 8.9 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Table 8.3 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Table 8.4 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Horizontal gene transfer is rampant
So what is a species?
Figure 8.10 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Eukaryotic organelle genomes
Human mitochondrial genome (mtDNA)
Figure 8.11 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
http://evolution.berkeley.edu
http://www.mitomap.org/WorldMigrations.pdf
Green et al.,
Cell 134(3):416 2008
Table 8.5 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Yeast mitochondrial genome (mtDNA)
Figure 8.12 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Table 8.6 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
Rice chloroplast genome
Figure 8.13 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)