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Synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) from arginine in endothelial cells and its action via stimulation of soluble guanylyl cyclase and generation of cyclic guanosine
monophosphate (cGMP) to produce relaxation in vascular smooth muscle cells. The endothelial form of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is activated by
increased intracellular Ca2+, and an increase in Ca2+ is produced by acetylcholine (ACh), bradykinin, or shear stress acting on the cell membrane. Thiol,
tetrahydrobiopterin, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), and flavin mononucleotide (FMN) are requisite cofactors. GTP, guanosine triphosphate. (Redrawn,
with permission, from Barrett KE et al, eds. Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 24th ed. McGraw-Hill, 2012.)
Source: Cardiovascular Disorders: Vascular Disease, Pathophysiology of Disease: An Introduction to Clinical Medicine, 7e
Citation: Hammer GD, McPhee SJ. Pathophysiology of Disease: An Introduction to Clinical Medicine, 7e; 2013 Available at:
http://mhmedical.com/ Accessed: August 03, 2017
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved
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