Download The Jamestown Colony

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Jamestown (1607)
First SUCCESSFUL
English colony!!!
May 24, 1607 about 100
colonists (all men) land at
Jamestown.
Easily defended, but
swarming with diseasecausing mosquitoes.
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Why did the
King of
England want
an American
colony?
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Some European
countries, including
England, were in
competition to
increase their
wealth and power
by expanding their
empires to America.
England wanted to establish an
American colony to increase her
wealth and power.
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England hoped to find
gold and silver in
America, as the Spanish
had done in Mexico and
South America.
Each dot on this map of England
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shows
a
place
where
a
Jamestown settler came from.
Historians have read the 400year-old records of Jamestown
to find where the settlers came
from.
Why did the
Jamestown
settlers come
to America?
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Jamestown was founded in 1607
as an economic venture.
What are these people doing?
Where are they? What year is it?
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An American settlement would furnish
raw materials that could not be grown
or obtained in England.
What raw materials do you see here?
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An American settlement would open
new markets for trade.
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An American
settlement
would open
new markets
for trade.
•England needed raw materials, such as lumber and tobacco.
•Virginia needed manufactured goods, such as furniture,
tools, needles, and muskets.
Sewing with
needles from
England
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Coat of arms of
the Virginia
Company of
London
Jamestown was established
(started) by the Virginia
Company of London as an
economic venture. The
Virginia Company hoped to
make a huge profit on their
investment.
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The Virginia Company was a group
of people who got others to invest
their money.
Seal of the
Virginia
Company
After the
Jamestown
settlement made
money, the
investors were
supposed to get a
profit from their
money.
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Jamestown was
the first permanent
English settlement
in America.
Where is Jamestown located?
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Jamestown
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When the settlers
chose the location in
1607, Jamestown was
located on a narrow
peninsula bordered
on three sides by the
James River.
the peninsula
the James River
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Today,
Jamestown
is located
on an
island in
the James
River.
This is an aerial view of
part of Jamestown fort.
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Why
did the settlers choose the site
at Jamestown?
This is one of
the very first
maps of
Virginia. Can
you find the
Chesapeake
Bay?
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The location could be easily defended from
attack by sea. The English feared a sea attack
by the Spanish.
The water along the shore was deep
enough for ships to dock.
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harbor
The English believed
they had a good
supply of fresh
water.
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Jamestown Nightmare
 Jamestown started off rough…
 Between 1606-1607, 40 people died on the
voyage to the New World.
 In 1609, another ship from England lost its
leaders and supplies in a shipwreck off
Bermuda.
Settlers died by the dozens!
 “Gentlemen” colonists would not work
themselves.
 Game in forests & fish in river uncaught.
 Settlers wasted time looking for gold
instead of hunting or farming.
 Captain John Smith = appointed the
leader of the Jamestown colony.
 There was no talking, just dig gold, wash
gold, refine gold, and load gold…
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Hard Times in Jamestown
Starving Time (Winter 1609)
1609: Only 60 people survived
Adult life expectancy: 40 years
Fun Fact: Settlers dug up and ate
the recently buried. One man
killed his wife, chopped and cured
the meat, ate it, and then was
executed…eewwww!
In addition, settlers constantly
were fighting the Native
Americans
Powhatan Tribe.
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What was the importance of the charters of
the Virginia Company of London to the
Jamestown settlement?
The King of England granted
charters to the Virginia
Company of London.
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London in the
1600s
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The charters gave
the Virginia
Company the right
to establish a
settlement in North
America.
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The first charter of the
Virginia Company of
London established
companies to begin
colonies in the New World.
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The
charters extended English rights
to the colonists.
The Houses
of
Parliament,
where
English laws
were made
The Capitol at Williamsburg,
where the House of Burgesses
met to make Virginia’s laws
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As
Jamestown grew, the system of
government evolved.
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What
was this system of government called?
Houses in Jamestown looked like
English houses.
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In 1619, the
governor of Virginia
called a meeting of
the Virginia
Assembly. The
Assembly included
two citizen
representatives,
called “burgesses.”
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st
1
Representative Democracy
Virginia House of burgesses.
“representatives”
(1st legislative body!!!) Establishing a
government OF the people BY the
People
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The
burgesses
came from
each of the
divisions of
Virginia.
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The Assembly
also included the
governor’s council and the
governor.
John Smith
was an early
governor of
Virginia.
At that time, only adult men were
considered citizens.
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By
the 1640s, the burgesses became a
separate legislative body, called the
Virginia House of Burgesses.
Patrick Henry
speaks in the
Virginia House
of Burgesses.
The government of
the Virginia colony
was based on the
English model of a
representative
government.
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This is the church in
Jamestown where the
House of Burgesses
first met.
The House of Burgesses
was modeled after the
English Parliament.
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The
House of Burgesses was the
first elected legislative body in
America, giving settlers the
opportunity to control their own
government.
This is an
old
engraving
showing
colonial
Virginia
men
voting.
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An 1800s drawing of the
General Assembly building
in Richmond
Today it is called
the General
Assembly and is
the oldest
legislative body in
the western
hemisphere.
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The House of Burgesses became
the Virginia General Assembly,
which continues to this day.
the state capitol building in Richmond, where the Virginia General Assembly meets to make our laws
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Jamestown became a more
diverse colony by 1620.
What was the impact of the
arrival of women on the
Jamestown settlement?
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In 1620, the Virginia
Company of London
sent a ship with 90
young women to
Jamestown. A man
who wanted to marry
one of these women,
had to pay 120
pounds of tobacco to
the ship’s captain for
her trip to
Jamestown.
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The arrival of women
in 1620 made it
possible for the
settlers to establish
families and a more
permanent
settlement at
Jamestown.
1600s drawings of children
at play
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What
was the impact of the
arrival of Africans on the
Jamestown settlement?
African Americans
re-enact slaves listening
to a slave preacher on a
plantation.
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Africans arrived in
Jamestown against
their will. It is
believed that they
arrived as baptized
Christians and
therefore were
labeled indentured
servants for a
period of 5 to 7
years.
But Virginia planters soon
saw that they would need a
cheap supply of labor for a
long time.
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Tidewater plantations were expanding
because people could make so much
money from tobacco.
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The arrival of Africans made it
possible to expand the tobacco
economy.
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Tobacco!
John Rolfe learned how to develop a
tobacco crop.
“Black Gold”
Leads to Plantation System and an
agrarian economy based on
agriculture.
Also Slavery…
Began the Headright System
Each Virginian got 50 acres for each
person whose passage they paid.
Used Indentured servants
Worked for 5-7 years for “freedom
dues.”
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How
did the Powhatan people and
the English settlers interact?
This is a 1600s
drawing of
Powhatan
Indians
smoking fish
over a fire.
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1600s drawing of a Powhatan village
The Powhatan
people and the
English settlers at
Jamestown
established trading
relationships and
for a while had
positive
interactions.
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Captain John
Smith initiated
(started) trading
relationships
with the
Powhatans.
The Powhatans traded food, furs, and
leather with the English in exchange for
tools, pots, guns, and other goods.
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Powhatan shelter and
cooking fire at
Jamestown
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Modern drawing of a
Powhatan man
1600s drawing of
a Powhatan
warrior
The Powhatan
people
contributed to the
survival of the
Jamestown
settlers in several
ways.
Powhatan style reed and
grass shelter
Cooking pot found at Jamestown
Pocahontas,
daughter of Chief
Powhatan,
believed the
English and
American Indians
(First Americans)
could live in
harmony.
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different portraits of Pocahontas
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Pocahontas
began a
friendship with
the colonists
that helped
them survive.
Powhatan Indian
building a dugout canoe
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The Powhatans
introduced new
crops to the
English, including
corn and tobacco.
Why did the
relationship
between the
Jamestown
settlers and
the Powhatans
change?
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Powhatan shelter at Jamestown
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blacksmith at work
in Jamestown
The Powhatan
people realized
the English
settlement
would continue
to grow.
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The
Powhatans
saw the
colonists as
invaders that
would take
over their
land.
armour from the 1600s
cannon at Jamestown fort
So we see that from
1607,
Jamestown, the first
permanent English
settlement in
America,
changed forever how Virginia looked
and worked.
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William and Mary College in the 1600s
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The English
brought with
them English
laws and
customs, which
were influenced
by their
relationship with
the Powhatans.
The English also
began the terrible
institution of slavery in
Virginia, which lasted
a long time, because
of its dependence on a
tobacco economy.
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But Virginia grew into a culture very
different from that of England,
because of the influence of
Africans and the Powhatan.
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How
does your life today show the
influence of the English, the Africans,
and the Powhatan?
Passenger List Activity
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Passenger List Activity`
To Virginia
Total Passengers
Ratio of Males to Females
Age Distribution
0-4 (infants)
5-13 (children)
14-24 (young adults)
25-59 (adults)
60+ (elderly)
Number of married
passengers
Number of passengers
traveling with at least one
family member
To New England
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Describe the “typical” English immigrant to the New World in terms of
gender, age, and marital status on each of the ships. How does this differ
on the two ships?
What are the biggest differences between the two
ships?
What does this information tell you about the
difference between New England and Virginia in
the 1630s?
Officials are collecting this information as
passengers board the ship- Is the setting noisy or
orderly?
What more do we want to know about these
passengers? What information is missing?
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Class Discussion
What are the biggest differences between the
two ships?
What does this information tell you about
the difference between New England and
Virginia in the 1630s?
What do you think will change once
planation owners in the Chesapeake area
begin replacing indentured servants with
African slaves?
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Officials are collecting this information
as passengers board the ship? Is the
setting noisy or orderly?
What more do we want to know about
these passengers? What information is
missing?
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Left Hand Side
What can passenger lists tell us about
who settled in the New World and where
they settled?