Download LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian

SEATTLE PUBLIC LIBRARY
SEATTLE PUBLIC LIBRARY, OMA / REM KOOLHAAS , 2004
ARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
SEATTLE PUBLIC LIBRARY
ARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
1
SEATTLE PUBLIC LIBRARY
ARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
SEATTLE PUBLIC LIBRARY
ARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
2
ARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
SEATTLE PUBLIC LIBRARY
What are the responsibilities of
major public buildings? As
monuments? As expression of
community?
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
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We build the way we think
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
PREHISTORIC & PRIMITIVE ARCHITECTURE
Before history
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PREHISTORIC & PRIMITIVE ARCHITECTURE
• Architectural artifacts from the period before recorded history
are found worldwide and often share certain characteristics
•Vernacular – built using traditional, regional materials and
techniques
•Common Functions
•Defensive
•Storage of Surplus
•Tombs
•Sacred Alignments
•Celestial Alignments
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
Stonehenge
Neolithic Architecture
3000 B.C.-1800 B.C.
Salisbury Plain, England
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Earliest Form 3000-2900 BC
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Final Form, 1800 BC
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Mortise and Tenon
Tongue and Groove
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
'STONHING', 1575 (print by "R.F.")
as Druid artifact
Stonehenge as a
Roman Temple
17th Century
Architect Inigo Jones
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Stonehenge as a
astronomical calendar
Midsummer sunrise
over heel stone
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
Hal Tarxien
Neolithic Architecture
3150-2500 BC.
Malta
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
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Mesa Verde
Anasazi Architecture
1100-1300
San Juan Basin, Colorado
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
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Cliff Palace
Anasazi Architecture
1100-1300
Mesa Verde, Colorado
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
Spruce Tree House
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EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTURE
architecture as cultural artifact
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
RULE OF WOMAN PHARAOH HATSHEPSUT
THE GREAT PYRAMIDS
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NILE
SUN
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
Egyptian landscape / Henry Bacon, Dec. 3, 1903.
sketch: 1 sketch; watercolor; 18 x 26 cm. Henry
Bacon papers.
Copyright the Smithsonian
Museumhttp://www.aaa.si.edu/exhibits/vacations/case4_2.htm
Egyptian Landscape
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Egyptian Technology
Copper Bit and
Bow Drill
Copper Saw with
Sand Grit
Copper Hook
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
Old Kingdom
2649-2150 BC
• Egypt unified by King Zoser in the 3rd
dynasty
• Capitol in Memphis
• Richest and most creative period
• Agriculture revolutionized by irrigation
• All pyramids built during this period
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THE MASTABA
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
Stepped Pyramid of Zoser
Imhotep
3rd Dynasty
ca. 2800 B.C.
Saqqara, Egypt
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Pyramids of Giza
•
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Old Kingdom 4th Dynasty
• 2545-2450 B.C.
• Giza, Egypt
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PYRAMID COMPLEX AT GIZA
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Middle Kingdom
2030-1640 BC
• Egypt re-unified by Kings Menhotep and
Intef in the 11th dynasty
• Capitol in Thebes, later moved back to
Memphis
• Trade and irrigation restored
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
New Kingdom
1550-1070 BC
•
•
•
•
Egypt restored by warrior king
Extended empire to Syria & Palestine
Period of great prosperity
Religious revolution, one god, Amon-Ra
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Temple of Queen Hatshepsut
Senmut
New Kingdom 18th Dynasty
1490-1460 B.C.
Deir El-Bahari, Egypt
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Thebes in the New Kingdom
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Temple of Amon-Ra
New Kingdom 18th-30th Dynasties
Ptolemaic Period
2000-343 B.C.
Karnak, Egypt
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Hypostyle
Hall
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
Watercolor
David Roberts
Early 1800’s
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Hypostyle Hall: “Hall with many columns”
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Open
Papyrus
Column
Closed
Papyrus
Column
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and Egyptian
Temple Entrance
Colossi of Ramesses II
Temple of Luxor
New Kingdom 18th Dynasty
1370-1250 B.C.
Luxor, Egypt
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