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HOW WAS THE MONROE DOCTRINE VIEWED BY THE WORLD?
Evidence: D
SOURCE: The following excerpt was published on the blogging website Demcraticunderground.com by Conn Hallinan in January
of 2013. He titled this blog post: “The Shameful Legacy of the Monroe Doctrine.”
CLOSE READING Q’s: Just based on the title of this, how does the author view the Monroe Doctrine? According to the author, how
frequently did the US get involved with Latin American affairs after 1843? Reread the last sentence of the document: What did
Porfirio Diaz mean by this statement? How reliable is this evidence?
This past December marked the 190th anniversary of the Monroe Doctrine, the 1823 policy
declaration by President James Monroe that essentially made Latin America the exclusive
reserve of the United States. And if anyone has any doubts about what lay at the heart of that
Doctrine, consider that since 1843 the U.S. has intervened in Mexico, Argentina, Chile, Haiti,
Nicaragua, Panama, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Honduras, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Costa
Rica, El Salvador, Uruguay, Granada, Bolivia, and Venezuela. In the case of Nicaragua, nine
times, and Honduras, eight.
Sometimes the intrusion was unadorned with diplomatic niceties: the U.S. infantry assaulting
Chapultepec Castle outside Mexico City in 1847, Marines hunting down insurgents in Central
America, or Gen. “Black Jack” Pershing pursuing Pancho Villa through Chihuahua in 1916.
At other times the intervention was cloaked in shadow—a secret payoff, a nod and a wink to
some generals, or strangling an economy because some government had the temerity to
propose land reform or a re-distribution of wealth.
For 150 years, the history of this region, that stretches across two hemispheres and ranges from
frozen tundra to blazing deserts and steaming rainforests, was in large part determined by what
happened in Washington. As the wily old Mexican dictator Porfirio Diaz once put it, the great
tragedy of Latin America is that it lay so far from God and so near to the United States.
HOW WAS THE MONROE DOCTRINE VIEWED BY THE WORLD?
Evidence: C
SOURCE: The following excerpt was taken from Hyperhistory.net. Its an opinionated essay written by Rit Nosotro and its date of
publication is unknown. The title of the essay was: THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE MONROE DOCTRINE
CLOSE READING Q’s: According to the author, what did Latin America countries look to the US for help for? According to the
author, how would Latin America be different if the Monroe Doctrine never was adopted? (List 2 ways) How reliable is this
evidence? Why?
When looking at the effects of the Monroe Doctrine, many times its results on the US
are overlooked. Along with the Monroe Doctrine came a new role for the US. Since
other countries were not allowed to come to the Americas, it was up to the US to be
the "big brother" of this new world. As a result, US was the one looked to for
mediation when there were disputes. For example, the US has intervened in
Argentina, Chile, Haiti, Cuba, and many other Latin American countries in their
various internal struggles and other disputes.
Had the Monroe Doctrine not been adopted, Latin American as well as world history
would have been very different from what it is now. The situation may have been
similar to Africa in that Latin America would have been carved up by the European
powers into small holdings causing many short and long term results. For example,
Spanish would not be the main language spoken; there would also be German,
French, English, and others. The current borders would also be very different. They
would be divided according to the colonies that had been staked out. In conclusion,
the Monroe Doctrine had effects on many countries when it was formed, but the
greatest consequences took part in Latin America because this doctrine allowed it to
develop without many foreign influences as the US played more of a protector role.
HOW WAS THE MONROE DOCTRINE VIEWED BY THE WORLD?
Evidence: B
SOURCE: In 1823, prior to issuing the Monroe Doctrine, President Monroe sought the advice of former President Thomas
Jefferson. In the following letter that Jefferson wrote to Monroe, Jefferson offered advice to Monroe about what type of foreign
policy he should develop.
CLOSE READING Q’s: What territories does Jefferson seem interested in acquiring? Why does Jefferson consider Florida valuable?
What does Jefferson mean by saying that Florida’s independence is our “second interest?” What might Jefferson’s letter reveal
about President Monroe’s motives?
But we have first to ask ourselves a question. Do we wish to acquire to our
own confederacy (nation) any one or more of the Spanish provinces?
I candidly confess that I have…looked on Cuba as the most interesting
addition which could ever be made to our system of states.
The control which with Florida…would give us over the Gulf of Mexico and
the countries, and the isthmus bordering on it, as well as all those whose
waters flow into it, would fill up the measure of our political well-being.
Yet, as I am sensible that this can never be obtained even with her (Florida)
own consent (permission), but by war; and it's independence, which is our
second interest.
HOW WAS THE MONROE DOCTRINE VIEWED BY THE WORLD?
Evidence: A
SOURCE: The cartoon shown here was created
by Victor Gilliam, a writer in the early 1900’s.
It appeared in various newspapers. The
caption at the bottom reads: “Coasting: The
old horse was too slow for Uncle Sam”
CLOSE READING Q’s: What appears to be
happening in the cartoon?
What objects or people are in the cartoon?
What might they mean or symbolize?
Does the artist appear to be approving or
criticizing what the US is doing? How do you
know?
HOW WAS THE MONROE DOCTRINE VIEWED BY THE WORLD?
Evidence: E
SOURCE: The cartoon shown here was taken
from the web from the site: Mindfully.org. Its
date of creation and author are unknown.
CLOSE READING Q’s: What appears to be
happening in the cartoon?
What objects or people are in the cartoon?
What might they mean or symbolize?
Does the artist appear to be approving or
criticizing what the US is doing? How do you
know?