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1) What the major difficulties in obtaining reliable estimates of the mass balance of the Greenland
ice sheet?
2) Discuss how and why the seasonal cycles of incoming solar radiation, temperature cloud cover
and precipitation for north central Greenland differ from the seasonal cycles of these climate
elements for the maritime Arctic site Isfjord Radio (Figure 8.9).
3) Why are the lowest winter air temperatures recorded over the central Arctic Ocean typically
higher than those recorded at Fairbanks, Alaska, which is at a much lower latitude?