Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the work of artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Cellular Biology
Document related concepts
no text concepts found
Transcript
Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children Chapter 19 1 Structure and Function of the Nervous System in Children Develops from a dorsal thickening of the ectoderm (neural plate) Neural groove and folds Neural tube Neural crest Mesoderm Blood vessels, microglial cells, dural and arachnoid layers of the meninges, the capsule of some peripheral nerve endings, and nerve coverings 2 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Structure and Function of the Nervous System in Children Sulcus limitans Basal plate Alar plate Sutures Fontanelles Myelin sheath 3 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Structure and Function of the Nervous System in Children 4 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Structure and Function of the Nervous System in Children 5 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Structural Malformations Defects of neural tube closure Anencephaly Encephalocele Meningocele Myelomeningocele Arnold-Chiari type II malformation Tethered cord syndrome 6 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Structural Malformations 7 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Axial Skeleton Malformations Spinal bifida occulta Vertebral defect that allows the protrusion of the neural tube contents Cranial deformities Acrania Craniosynostosis Microcephaly Congenital hydrocephalus Macewen sign (“cracked-pot” sign) 8 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Axial Skeleton Malformations 9 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Encephalopathies Static encephalopathies Cerebral palsy Static cerebral palsy Dyskinetic cerebral palsy Ataxic cerebral palsy 10 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Encephalopathies Inherited metabolic disorders Defects in amino acid metabolism Phenylketonuria (PKU) Hyperphenylalaninemia Defects in lipid metabolism Lysosomal storage diseases Tay-Sachs disease 11 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Seizure Disorders Epilepsy Partial seizures Generalized seizures Unclassified epileptic seizures Infantile spasms Lennox-Gastaut syndrome Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy Status epilepticus Benign febrile seizures 12 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Acute Encephalopathies Reye syndrome Meningitis Bacterial meningitis Viral meningitis 13 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Children and HIV HIV infections in children Perinatally through the placenta Exposure to infected maternal blood and vaginal secretions Postpartum ingestion of breast milk 14 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Cerebrovascular Disease Cerebrovascular disease in children differs in adults in three ways: Absence of predisposing factors Differences in the clinical response Anatomic site of the pathologic condition Occlusive cerebrovascular disease Hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease 15 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Childhood Tumors Brain tumors Medulloblastoma Ependymoma Astrocytoma Brainstem glioma Optic nerve glioma 16 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Childhood Brain Tumors 17 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Childhood Tumors Embryonal tumors Neuroblastoma Retinoblastoma 18 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Childhood Tumors 19 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc.
Related documents