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Lesson # 4 Subject: History Class: Form 3 Date: Time and Duration: 8:10 – 8: 50 am (40 minutes) Topic: The Five Pillars of Islam Rationale: Being a society where Islam is one of the dominant religions, the youth need to know how Muslims practice their faith. This will enable students to understand and tolerate Muslims as well as accommodate them in the school, community and the workplace. Prior Knowledge: Students know beliefs of Islam from the previous lesson. They also have basic knowledge of some practices of Islam like fasting and prayer. Objectives: SWBAT: o analyze each of the pillars of Islam in order to understand what it means to be a Muslim. o acknowledge the importance of the Five Pillars of Islam to a Muslim. o appreciate the influence of the Five Pillars of Islam in shaping the lifestyle of Muslims. Teaching Materials o Pictures of Muslim pilgrims, Muslims praying and poor people. o Handouts of each of the Five Pillars of Islam. o A model poem, “I am a Muslim”. o An illustration of a worksheet on the board. Lesson Presentation 1. Anticipatory Set/introduction I will distribute pictures of Muslims pilgrims, Muslims praying and of the poor and ask students to study them and share with the whole class what each picture is all about. Then I will ask students to predict the topic of the lesson and I will write it on the board (10 minutes). 2. Development Step Teacher Activity 1. a) Ask students to form groups of 5 and distribute handouts of a pillar of Islam to each group to read and discuss answers to the questions on the handout. b) Ask each student to give him or herself a number 1 – 5 in each group. c) Draw the worksheet on the board and ask students to copy it in their notebooks and jot down points under Student Activity A) Reading and discussing answers to questions in groups. b) Assigning numbers to each other in their groups. c) Copying the worksheet and jotting down points in the appropriate column. Materials Time 7 Handouts Minutes An illustration of a worksheet 2. 3. discussion in an appropriate column. d) Supervising group discussions a) Ask students to form new groups, those with the same number to form the same groups and share with one another what they learnt in the original groups. b) Ask students to continue completing the worksheets as they share in the groups. a) Read out a poem to the class, “ I am a Muslim” b) Ask students to write their own poems individually. c) Ask students to share their poems with the whole class by reading them out. a) Sharing in new groups Worksheets what they learnt in the original groups. b) Completing the worksheets as they discuss. 10 minutes a) Listening attentively Poem to the poem. b) Writing poems individually. c) Sharing poems with whole class by reading them out. 15 minutes 3. Conclusion Through the following oral questions o Explain five things you would be required to do if you were a Muslim. o Why would you do such things? Consolidation/assessment Draw a graphic organizer of the Five Pillars of Islam for your homework assignment. Evaluation Teaching resources /materials for the lesson 1. The Five Pillars of Islam Confession of Faith According to the Shahada or confession of faith, a Muslim must testify: “there is no God except Allah, and Muhammad is the apostle of God.” It is widely agreed that anyone who utters the Shahada may be regarded as a Muslim. The creed is repeated on every occasion by the believer and during the time of trouble. It is taught to infants and whispered in the ears of the dying. It is also repeated five times a day when Muslims make their routine prayers. When anyone is converted to Islam, he or she is required to repeat this creed. Prayer The foundation of Muslim devotion is the ritual prayer service known as salat. Muslims are required to perform the salat five times daily: early morning, noon, mid- afternoon, sunset and evening. Muslims are also required to gather for congregational worship on Friday noon. In addition, special prayer is obligatory at an eclipse of the sun or moon and on the two Muslim festivals. In Islam, the requirement for worship takes precedence over everything else. To prepare for worship the Muslim must do two things; put him or herself in the proper state of mind and spirit to pray and perform ablutions in accordance with the command of the Quran; washing the face, hands up to the elbows, wiping heads and washing feet up to the ankles. Water is the favored agent for purification. The worshipers face towards Mecca when praying. The Muslims recite the shahada and prostrate during prayer. Almsgiving/Zakat The Muslims are obliged to give alms to the poor. The giving of alms rests on the repeated warnings of the Quran that the possession of personal property can be justified only if the owner gives it away freely and generously. Ownership of wealth is not absolute; it is a trust from God, to be used for god’s purposes. The amount, which the Muslim should pay, was fixed at one fortieth of his revenue for the year in cash or kind. The objective of giving alms is two-fold, to purify or legitimize the gaining of private property and as a manifestation of the believers sense of social responsibility. Ramadan/Fasting The Muslim is required to observe the 9th month of the lunar year, Ramadan, as a period of fasting in which he abstains from eating, drinking, smoking and sexual relations during daylight hours. The purpose is to subjugate the body to the spirit and to fortify the will through discipline to enable the believer to come closer to God. Traditionally only the sick, the aged, travelers, pregnant women and nursing mothers are permitted to defer observing Ramadan until circumstances permit them to fast. The Hajj/Pilgrimage The Quran urges every Muslim, man or woman, whose health and circumstances permit, to make a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in ones lifetime. The hajj takes place in the 12th month of the year and it is an annual event. Before entering Mecca, the pilgrims remove their ordinary clothes and put on white sheets, symbolizing their abandonment of ordinary life and their will to submit themselves before God. Then the pilgrims walk 7 times around the central sanctuary in the great mosque of Mecca, run 7 times from Mecca towards Marwa and back, recalling Hagar’s desperate search for water for her son Ishmael. They also go and stand on the plain of Arafat outside Mecca in remembrance of the standing of Abraham against idolatry, stone the pillars at Mina in remembrance of Abraham, Hagar and Ishmael’s rejection of the temptation of Satan, and finally sacrifice animals and shave their heads. Besides a mere pillar of Islam, the pilgrimage fosters the solidarity of the Muslim community. Question According to this pillar, what is a Muslim required to do? Sources Christopher, J.B. (1972). The Islamic tradition. New York: Harper & Row Publishers. Robinson, F. (1982). Atlas of the Islamic world since 1500. New York: Facts on File Inc. 2. Poem: I am a Muslim I am Muslim, Oh yes, I am a Muslim. I submit totally to the will of God, Allah, the Only God. Truly, I am a Muslim, I confess the creed everyday, There is only One God, Allah, And Muhammad is His messenger. Indeed I am a Muslim I pray five times a day, At daybreak, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset and evening. Every Friday noon I congregate with brethren for worship, Every time I pray, I confess the creed. No doubt, I am a Muslim, I give alms to the poor. One-fortieth of my annual earnings, I give to the poor. It is my obligation. Really, I am a Muslim, I observe the Ramadan, Indeed I fast for 30 days. It is a requirement. I am a Muslim, I desire to go on a hajj one day. It is requirement for a Muslim For sure, one day I will go, For, I am a Muslim. An illustration of a worksheet Almsgiving Prayer Faith Pilgrimage Fasting