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 mass wasting shear strength Chapter 11 Chapter 11 rapid mass movement slow mass movement Chapter 11 Chapter 11 rockfall slide Chapter 11 Chapter 11 slump rock slide Chapter 11 Chapter 11 Chapter 11 mudflow debris flow Chapter 11 earthflow quick clay Chapter 11 Chapter 11 solifluction permafrost Chapter 11 Chapter 11 creep complex movement Chapter 11 Chapter 11 The downslope movement of Earth materials under the influence of gravity. Any kind of mass wasting that involves a visible downslope displacement of material. A type of extremely fast mass wasting in which rocks fall through the air. Mass wasting that takes place along a curved surface of failure and results in the backward rotation of the slump mass. A flow consisting mostly of clay‐ and silt‐sized particles and up to 30% water that moves downslope under the influence of gravity. The resisting forces that help maintain a slope’s stability Mass movement that advances at an imperceptible rate and is usually detectable only by the effects of its movement. Mass wasting involving movement of material along one or more surfaces of failure. Rapid mass wasting in which rocks move downslope along a more or less planar surface. A type of mass wasting that involves a viscous mass of soil, rock fragments, and water that moves downslope; debris flows have larger particles than mudflows and contain less water. A mass wasting process involving the downslope movement of water‐
saturated soil. A clay deposit that spontaneously liquefies and flows like water when disturbed. Mass wasting involving the slow downslope movement of water‐
saturated surface materials; especially at high elevations or high latitudes where the flow is underlain by frozen soil. Ground that remains permanently frozen. A widespread type of mass wasting in which soil or rock moves slowly downslope. A combination of different types of mass movements in which no single type is dominant; usually involves sliding and flowing. 
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