Download Cathode MCP Anode -100V

Company profile & Space Science
Detector Capabilities
- Ian Cox
www.photek.co.uk
page 1
Company Profile
• Specialist manufacturers of vacuum based detectors
and camera systems for photon detection. Photek
manufacture Image Intensifiers, PMT’s, Streak
Tubes, open faced detectors and a range of
associated electronics and camera systems
• Located in St Leonards-on-Sea – South East
England
• Established September 1991
www.photek.co.uk
page 2
Company Profile
• 36 Employees
– 10 sales/administrative
– 7 R&D
– 19 production/test
• 5 employees educated to PHD level
• Further 8 employees educated to degree level
www.photek.co.uk
page 3
Detector Products
• MCP image intensifier
• Ultra fast MCP photomultipliers
• Streak tubes
• Magnetic focus image intensifiers
• De-magnifying gen 1 image intensifiers
• Vacuum compatible detectors
www.photek.co.uk
page 4
Camera Products
• Photon counting
• Nanosecond ICCD
• Intensified CCD
• Fluorescence
• X-ray
• Particle imaging
www.photek.co.uk
page 5
Electronic Products
• HT power supplies
• Nanosecond gating control
• Laser pulse generator
• Preamplifier
• Image intensifier cooling
www.photek.co.uk
page 6
Applications
• Early warning Missile systems
• Wafer silicon inspection
• Astronomy including orbital space science
experiments
• Ultra-high speed cameras
• Nuclear & high energy physics research
• Life-science research
• Industrial processing
• Security
www.photek.co.uk
page 7
Facilities
• 1,500m2 factory space
• Class 100 assembly area
• Class 10,000 clean room
• Electro-mechanical vibration table
• Ultra-high vacuum processing equipment
• High speed (50 ps) laser pulsing equipment
• Wet and dry hydrogen stoving capability
• Inventor 3-D CAD software
www.photek.co.uk
page 8
Facilities – Continued
• Protel Electronic Design Software
• Agilent 18 GHz sampling scope
• LeCroy 5 GHz digital scope
• Spectrometer
• Photometer
• Optical table and dark room facilities
• Environmental test chamber
• Phosphor screen production and inspection facilities
• Optical coating plant
www.photek.co.uk
page 9
Quality
• Photek operates a company wide quality system
based on ISO9000 and TQM principles
• Currently working towards ISO9000 accreditation
with successful implementation expected in 2008
• We operate a strict stock control and inspection
policy with all items batch controlled and tracked
• All detectors and systems are fully characterised in
out photometry laboratory
• Each device has a serial number that is used
throughout the entire manufacturing process
www.photek.co.uk
page 10
Test and Support
• Excellent support and test facilities
• Rigorous testing of all products is completed before
release
• Support question always answered by a technical
member of staff. Typically educated to PHD level
• 12 month warranty on all products
• Technical support for lifetime of product
www.photek.co.uk
page 11
Space Science Projects
• ACE
Advanced Composition Explorer
• XMM
UV Optical Monitor
• MSX
UVISI Detector
• GUVI
Global Ultraviolet Imager
• SSUSI
Special Sensor Ultra-violet
Spectrographic Imager
• UVIT
Ultra-Violet Imaging Telescope
www.photek.co.uk
page 12
Advance Composition Explorer
•
CRIS Detector (Cosmic Ray Isotope Spectrometer)
–
40 mm Image Intensifier with 2 MCP
–
UV Fibre Optic Input Window
–
Blue Enhance Cathode to Match Scintillating Fibre
Optics
–
•
100,000 Gain
Uses scintillating fibre optic
structure. The detector is to measure
direction and energy of cosmic rays
www.photek.co.uk
page 13
UV Optical Monitor
•
Photon Imaging 170 nm to 550 nm region
•
Aligned with X-Ray Telescope
•
Provides Simultaneous Visible, UV and X-ray
Images
www.photek.co.uk
page 14
The XMM Detector
• 25 mm Photon Counting
• High Sensitivity in the 170 nm to 550 nm Region
• Built in Fibre Optic Taper
• Concave Input Window
www.photek.co.uk
page 15
Mid Course Space Experiment
•
Johns Hopkins University
•
Launched 24 April 96
•
Part of the spectrograph on the UVISI Instrument
•
Diffuse and Discrete Aurora
•
Low Earth Atmosphere Phenomena
www.photek.co.uk
page 16
MSX-UVISI Detector
•
40 mm Photon Counting Image Intensifier
•
MgF2 Input Window
•
CsI Photocathode
•
100 nm – 250 nm Response
www.photek.co.uk
page 17
Global Ultra Violet Imager
• Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory
• Launched on the TIMED Spacecraft during 2001
• TIMED is used to study the energetics and dynamics
of the Mesosphere and lower Thermosphere between
an altitude of approximately 60 to 180 kilometers.
• GUVI is a far-ultraviolet (115 to 180 nm), scanning
imaging spectrograph that provides horizon-tohorizon images in five selectable wavelength
intervals
www.photek.co.uk
page 18
GUVI Detector
• 25 mm UV Photon Counting
• MgF2 Input Window
• CsI Photocathode
• Wedge and Strip Anode
• 106 cps
• 3x106 Gain
www.photek.co.uk
page 19
Ultra-Violet Imaging Telescope
• Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
• Due to launch on the ASTROSAT spacecraft during
2008 – now delayed until 2012.
• ASTROSAT aims are to investigate the origin and
mechanism of radiation emissions in active galactic
nuclei.
• UVIT aims to provide flux calibrated images of the
sky in the far-UV, near-UV and visible spectral
regions
www.photek.co.uk
page 20
Summary
• World leading space science vacuum detector
manufacturer
• Photek have the experience and knowledge to
produce detectors to the most stringent space
science requirements
• Quality systems in place to ensure repeatability of
detector manufacture
• Test and support facilities give first class support for
the lifetime of our detectors
www.photek.co.uk
page 21
UVIT Detectors
• Three 40 mm photon counting detectors
• Far UV (120-180 nm)
• Near UV (180-300 nm)
• Visible (180-550 nm)
• Integrated fibre optic taper with bonded
FillFactory Star 250 CMOS sensor
www.photek.co.uk
page 22
UVIT Detectors
Photek have supplied 7 detectors for the UVIT project
• NUV EM
• NUV FM and FS
• FUV FM and FS
• VIS FM and FS
www.photek.co.uk
page 23
UVIT Detector
www.photek.co.uk
page 24
Outline Specification
FUV Detector 120-180nm
• MgF2 Input Window
•CsI Solar Blind Photocathode
•2x 60:1 40mm MCP’s
•P46 Phosphor
•Fibre taper output
•Star250 Sensor
NUV Detector 180-300nm
•Fused Silica Input Window
•CsTe Solar Blind Photocathode
VIS Detector 180-550nm
•Fused Silica Input Window
•Low Noise S20 Photocathode
www.photek.co.uk
page 25
Spectral Response
Wavelength
Specification QE
Measured QE
120nm
>5.8%
6.8%
7.3%
130nm
140nm
>6.2%
5.3%
150nm
160nm
>4.2%
4.3%
3.5%
170nm
180nm
6.2%
>1.2%
1.2%
190nm
0.5%
200nm
0.2%
www.photek.co.uk
page 26
Cathode Recess
Position
Recess (mm)
A
2.067mm
B
2.056mm
C
2.047mm
Centre
2.050mm
The cathode recess is measured from
the front of the DM mounting ring
and the front of the input window.
A
B
C
www.photek.co.uk
View from front
of detector
page 27
Window Thickness
Position
Optical Thickness (mm)
A
3.6mm
B
3.6mm
C
3.6mm
Centre
3.6mm
The window thickness is an optical
measurement from the photocathode
surface to the outside surface of the
window.
A
B
C
www.photek.co.uk
View from front
of detector
page 28
Cathode to MCP Gap
Position
Gap (mm)
A
0.11mm
B
0.11mm
C
0.10mm
Centre
0.11mm
The cathode gap is measured from the
photocathode surface of the input
window to the front of the MCP
A
B
C
www.photek.co.uk
View from front
of detector
page 29
Electrical – Operating Voltages
Optimal
Maximum
O/V Test
Cathode
-270V
-270V
-300V
MCP
2350V
2600V
2860V
Anode
5000V
5500V
6000V
• Cathode and MCP voltage WRT ground (MCP Input).
• Anode voltage WRT MCP output.
• Optimal voltages are voltages as tested at Photek
• The maximum specified voltages should not be exceeded
• Each electrode has been over voltage (O/V) tested to the stated value
www.photek.co.uk
page 30
Resolution
Wavelength
Cathode Voltage
Resolution
185nm
-300
20 microns FWHM
www.photek.co.uk
page 31
FUV FM Gain Calibration
-100V
Nominal
Cathode
MCP
Anode
-270V
2580V
3500V
Cathode
MCP
Anode
-270V
2480V
4000V
Cathode
MCP
Anode
-270V
2400V
4500V
Cathode
MCP
Anode
-270V
2350V
5000V
Cathode
MCP
Anode
-270V
2300V
5500V
www.photek.co.uk
-50V
Nominal
+50V
+100V
page 32
Event Size
Cathod
e
MCP
Anode
-100V
-50V
Nominal
+50V
+100V
-270
2580
3500
1.9
1.9
2
2.1*
2.2*
-270
2480
4000
1.8
1.8
1.9
1.9
2
-270
2400
4500
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.8
1.9
-270
2350
5000
1.6
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.8
-270
2300
5500
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.7
1.8
Note:
The approximate FWHM of the event footprints has been measured and
the results shown above for a range of operating voltages.
www.photek.co.uk
page 33
Dark Noise
Count rate graph shows
variation of count rate on a
1 second timescale.
2 Hour Dark Noise Image @22C
No bright defects detectable Average rate 5cps
www.photek.co.uk
page 34
Image Alignment
A
B
C
D
View from front of
detector
www.photek.co.uk
Star250 Readout
page 35
Uniformity
Horizontal / vertical
cathode uniformity
Average uniformity
SD/Mean=4.5%
www.photek.co.uk
page 36
Environmental Testing
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Encapsulation of detector
24 Hour / 40C Bake to cure Arathane
Qualification level thermal cycle
Bond Star250 sensor
Vacuum Test
Acceptance level thermal cycle
Acceptance level vibration tests
Final acceptance tests
Note: Detector is tested after each stage of
environmental testing
www.photek.co.uk
page 37
Vacuum Test
Photek do not have full thermal vacuum test facilities.
The following compromise test was agreed:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Place detector in a vacuum chamber
Leave for 24 hours @20C
Increase the room temperature to 30C and leave for 48 hours
Reduce room temperature back to 20C and leave for 24 hours
www.photek.co.uk
page 38
Thermal Cycle
Qualification Level Thermal Cycle
+35˚C -15˚ C
+45˚C -25˚C Peaks
Acceptance Level Thermal Cycle
+30˚C -10˚C
+40˚C -20˚C Peaks
Note: Short cycles 2hrs, long cycles 24 hrs
www.photek.co.uk
page 39
Sine Vibration
100.0
LogMag, g
10.0
1.0
100.0m
5.0
10.0
100.0
Frequency, Hz
Frequency (Hz)
Acceptance level
5 – 20
8.3mm (0-Peak)
20 – 50
13.3g
50 – 70
10g
70 –100
5.3 g
Sweep rate
4 oct. / min.
www.photek.co.uk
page 40
Random Vibration
1.0
LogMag, g²/Hz
100.0m
10.0m
1.0m
20.0
100.0
1.0K
2.0K
Hz
Frequency (Hz)
Acceptance Level PSD (g2 / Hz)
20 – 100
+ 3 dB / oct.
100 – 700
0.09
700 – 2000
- 6 dB / oct.
Overall RMS
9.9 g
www.photek.co.uk
page 41
Thank you for listening
www.photek.co.uk
page 42