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General Risk Assessment Form Date: (1) Assessed by: (2) 16th July 2012 Example by Safety Services* Checked / Validated* by: (3) Location: (4) Assessment ref no (5) Northern Uganda Review date: (6) Before departure & during fieldwork Task / premises: (7) EXAMPLE risk assessment for fieldwork / placement in Northern Uganda *Acknowledgements – risk assessment adapted from an original prepared by P. Moore (Chief Risk Officer University Hospital of South Manchester) Activity (8) Hazard (9) Fieldwork in Northern Uganda Threat to personal safety Who might be harmed and how (10) Fieldworkers - Death, serious trauma, abduction, false imprisonment, kidnap, piracy, assault or rape whilst working or travelling in Uganda. FCO currently state there is a high threat of terrorism in Uganda (as at July 2012). See FCO advice at: http://www.fco.gov.u k/en/travel-andliving-abroad/traveladvice-bycountry/sub-saharanafrica/uganda University risk assessment form and guidance notes. Revised Aug07 Existing measures to control risk (11) The Team Leader provides a briefing on personal safety whilst working and travelling in Uganda within 7 days of departure. This briefing includes: Risk rating (12) L Result (13) A (i) assessment of the risk and expected behaviours of all team members (ii) objective(s) to be achieved (iii) roles and responsibilities of team members (iv) the latest UK FCO travel and security advice (v) infection prevention and food hygiene advice (vi) travel requirements including visa and approved modes of transport (vii) actions to be taken to maintain personal health, safety and security of oneself and other team members whilst in Uganda (viii) local customs, practices and beliefs to be observed (ix)appropriate dress code (x) permitted recreational activities, and (xi) relevant emergency procedures. Team members are not permitted to depart from the UK without having attended a briefing and signing to acknowledge receipt of and willingness to comply with the risk assessment (irrespective of how many times a team member has visited Uganda) p 1 of 12 Activity (8) Hazard (9) Cont’d Threat to personal safety Cont’d Fieldwork in Northern Uganda Threat to personal safety Fieldwork in Northern Uganda Threat to personal safety (cont’d) Who might be harmed and how (10) Fieldworker Existing measures to control risk (11) Fieldworkers - Death, serious trauma, abduction, false imprisonment, kidnap, piracy, assault or rape whilst working or travelling in Uganda. FCO currently state there is a high threat of terrorism in Uganda (as at July 2012). Safe and secure accommodation is provided for team members in xxxx 'the Safe House(s)'. All members of the team MUST reside at the designated accommodation except where, by prior arrangement, alternative accommodation is required as part of an excursion or approved leisure activity. Requests to reside at any accommodation other than the 'Safe House(s)' must be authorised in advance by the Team Leader who must ensure the accommodation is safe and suitable and team members remain in contact at all times. Fieldworkers - Death, serious trauma, abduction, false imprisonment, kidnap, piracy, assault or rape whilst working or travelling in Uganda. FCO currently state there is a high threat of terrorism in Uganda (as at July 2012). University risk assessment form and guidance notes. Revised Aug07 Risk rating (12) Result (13) L A A second briefing takes place upon arrival in order to (i) refresh health & safety advice; (ii) go through relevant emergency procedures; (iii) rehearse communication protocols; (iv) orientate team members to the location and accommodation; and (v) address requirements regarding approved leisure activities. Only use reputable tour operators to visit Uganda’s national parks. Under no circumstances is camping or residing in a local 'mud hut' permitted In the event of a need for emergency accommodation arising (i.e. accommodation becomes unsafe, damaged by fire or flood), the Team Leader will arrange for alternative accommodation in local hotels or University guest house(s). Suitable accommodation to be considered for use in the event of an emergency is identified in advance of the trip by the Team leader, clearly marked on a map with contact numbers and discussed with all team members at the predeparture briefing. p 2 of 12 Activity (8) Hazard (9) Road travel Who might be harmed and how (10) Personal injury from RTA. Existing measures to control risk (11) Team members MUST travel in designated vehicles which are roadworthy and driven by approved drivers with sufficient local knowledge. Risk rating (12) M Result (13) A L A Under no circumstances is travel using a motorcycle (either as rider or passenger), bicycle or any other mode of road transportation (other than in designated vehicles) permitted Fieldwork in Northern Uganda Threat to personal safety Fieldworkers - Death, serious trauma, abduction, false imprisonment, kidnap, piracy, assault or rape whilst working or travelling in Uganda. FCO currently state there is a high threat of terrorism in Uganda (as at July 2012). University risk assessment form and guidance notes. Revised Aug07 Team Members deployed in XXXX are required AT ALL TIMES to have a fully charged and credited mobile telephone and/or two-way radio in order to maintain contact with the Team Leader and other members of the team beyond the confines of the accommodation. Team members are not permitted to leave the confines of the safe house(s) without at least one member of the team in possession of a fully functioning and credited mobile communications device (mobile telephone or two-way radio). If team members separate into groups then at least one member of the group requires a mobile device. Staff must ensure devices have the contact numbers of each member of the team within the contacts list and maintain contact with the team leader at least every 2 hours when outside the confines of the safe house(s). Under no circumstances are staff permitted to leave the safe house alone after dark p 3 of 12 Activity (8) Hazard (9) Fieldwork in Northern Uganda Threat to personal safety Car travel Threat to personal safety Who might be harmed and how (10) Fieldworkers - Death, serious trauma, abduction, false imprisonment, kidnap, piracy, assault or rape whilst working or travelling in Uganda. FCO currently state there is a high threat of terrorism in Uganda (as at July 2012). Existing measures to control risk (11) Fieldworker – incountry travel by car DRIVER AND PASSENGER SAFETY PART 1 The leader must carry out a roll-call on a daily basis and also make contact with a NOMINATED PERSON within the predetermined UoM office every 48 hours (or more frequently in the event of outbreaks of violence or crime in the region or any other emergency situation arising). Risk rating (12) L Result (13) A L A L A A 'Missing Person' protocol is used in the event a member of staff is unaccounted for. The Protocol is kept at all Safe House locations in XXXX and also within the school office in the UK. The protocol covers what to do in the event a team member is unaccounted for and arrangements for assistance or immediate repatriation. Keep car doors locked and windows up when driving or a passenger in a car. Ensure valuables are out of view – this is especially important in slow moving or stationary traffic. Do not use public transport and never use matatus (mini bus taxi) or boda-bodas (motorcycle taxi Car travel Threat to personal safety Fieldworker – incountry travel by car DRIVER AND PASSENGER SAFETY PART 2 If the vehicle appears unroadworthy do not use it. Before the vehicle is 1st used and at weekly intervals thereafter the team leader is required to check the following before the vehicle is used by team members: (i) engine oil level (ii) brake fluid level (iii) coolant level (iv) tyre pressures (v) seat belt (sufficient number and working order of each belt) and (vi) lights Do not stop at the scene of an accident. If your vehicle is involved continue with your journey (if your vehicle is able to do so) and report the accident at the nearest police station University risk assessment form and guidance notes. Revised Aug07 p 4 of 12 Activity (8) Hazard (9) Fieldwork in Northern Uganda Threat to personal safety Who might be harmed and how (10) Fieldworkers - Death, serious trauma, abduction, false imprisonment, kidnap, piracy, assault or rape whilst working or travelling in Uganda. FCO currently state there is a high threat of terrorism in Uganda (as at July 2012). Existing measures to control risk (11) See FCO advice at: (v) infection prevention and food hygiene advice http://www.fco.gov.u k/en/travel-andliving-abroad/traveladvice-bycountry/sub-saharanafrica/uganda (vi) travel requirements including visa and approved modes of transport The Team Leader provides a briefing on personal safety whilst working and travelling in Uganda within 7 days of departure. This briefing includes: Risk rating (12) L Result (13) A (i) assessment of the risk and expected behaviours of all team members (ii) objective(s) to be achieved (iii) roles and responsibilities of team members (iv) the latest UK FCO travel and security advice (vii) actions to be taken to maintain personal health, safety and security of oneself and other team members whilst in Uganda (viii) local customs, practices and beliefs to be observed (ix)appropriate dress code (x) permitted recreational activities and (xi) relevant emergency procedures. University risk assessment form and guidance notes. Revised Aug07 p 5 of 12 Activity (8) Hazard (9) Cont’d Cont’d Who might be harmed and how (10) Fieldworker Existing measures to control risk (11) Team members are not permitted to depart from the UK without having attended a briefing and signing to acknowledge receipt of and willingness to comply with the risk assessment (irrespective of how many times a team member has visited Uganda) Risk rating (12) L Result (13) A A second briefing takes place upon arrival in order to (i) refresh health & safety advice; (ii) go through relevant emergency procedures; (iii) rehearse communication protocols; (iv) orientate team members to the location and accommodation; and (v) address requirements regarding approved leisure activities. Fieldwork in Northern Uganda Fieldwork in Northern Uganda Threat to personal safety Threat to personal safety Fieldworkers - Death, serious trauma, abduction, false imprisonment, kidnap, piracy, assault or rape whilst working or travelling in Uganda. FCO currently state there is a high threat of terrorism in Uganda (as at July 2012). Safe and secure accommodation is provided for team members in xxxx 'the Safe House(s)'. All members of the team MUST reside at the designated accommodation except where, by prior arrangement, alternative accommodation is required as part of an excursion or approved leisure activity. Requests to reside at any accommodation other than the 'Safe House(s)' must be authorised in advance by the Team Leader who must ensure the accommodation is safe and suitable and team members remain in contact at all times. Fieldworkers - Death, serious trauma, abduction, false imprisonment, kidnap, piracy, assault or rape whilst working or travelling in Uganda. FCO currently state there is a high threat of terrorism in Uganda (as at July 2012). In the event of a need for emergency accommodation arising (i.e. accommodation becomes unsafe, damaged by fire or flood), the Team Leader will arrange for alternative accommodation in local hotels or University guest house(s). Suitable accommodation to be considered for use in the event of an emergency is identified in advance of the trip by the Team leader, clearly marked on a map with contact numbers and discussed with all team members at the pre-departure briefing. University risk assessment form and guidance notes. Revised Aug07 L A Only use reputable tour operators to visit Uganda’s national parks. Under no circumstances is camping or residing in a local 'mud hut' permitted L p 6 of 12 Activity (8) Hazard (9) Road travel Who might be harmed and how (10) Personal injury from RTA. Existing measures to control risk (11) Risk rating (12) Result (13) Team members MUST travel in designated vehicles which are roadworthy and driven by approved drivers with sufficient local knowledge. Under no circumstances is travel using a motorcycle (either as rider or passenger), bicycle or any other mode of road transportation (other than in designated vehicles) permitted Fieldwork in Northern Uganda Threat to personal safety Fieldworkers - Death, serious trauma, abduction, false imprisonment, kidnap, piracy, assault or rape whilst working or travelling in Uganda. FCO currently state there is a high threat of terrorism in Uganda (as at July 2012). University risk assessment form and guidance notes. Revised Aug07 Team Members deployed in XXXX are required AT ALL TIMES to have a fully charged and credited mobile telephone and/or twoway radio in order to maintain contact with the Team Leader and other members of the team beyond the confines of the accommodation. (Multiple phone networks to be used). L A Team members are not permitted to leave the confines of the safe house(s) without at least one member of the team in possession of a fully functioning and credited mobile communications device (mobile telephone or twoway radio). If team members separate into groups then at least one member of the group requires a mobile device. Staff must ensure devices have the contact numbers of each member of the team within the contacts list and maintain contact with the team leader at least every 2 hours when outside the confines of the safe house(s). Under no circumstances are staff permitted to leave the safe house alone after dark p 7 of 12 Activity (8) Hazard (9) Fieldwork in Northern Uganda Threat to personal safety Who might be harmed and how (10) Fieldworkers - Death, serious trauma, abduction, false imprisonment, kidnap, piracy, assault or rape whilst working or travelling in Uganda. FCO currently state there is a high threat of terrorism in Uganda (as at July 2012). University risk assessment form and guidance notes. Revised Aug07 Existing measures to control risk (11) Risk rating (12) The Team Leader must carry out a roll-call on a daily basis L and also make contact with a NOMINATED PERSON within the predetermined UoM office every 48 hours (or more frequently in the event of outbreaks of violence or crime in the region or any other emergency situation arising). Result (13) A A 'Missing Person' protocol is used in the event a member of staff is unaccounted for. The Protocol is kept at all Safe House locations in XXXX and also within the school office in the UK. The protocol covers what to do in the event a team member is unaccounted for and arrangements for assistance or immediate repatriation. p 8 of 12 Activity (8) Hazard (9) Who might be harmed and how (10) Existing measures to control risk (11) Travelling and working within Uganda. PERSONAL ILLNESS: Serious illness involving a member or members of staff whilst travelling and working within Uganda. Main hazards include: (i) exposure to infection during clinical practice or whilst visiting clinical areas / patient contact / clinical waste sites or waste handling (Cholera, Ebola haemorrhagic fever, Marburg haemorrhagic fever, Meningococcal disease and Hepatitis E); (ii) food poisoning (Diarrhoeal disease E. coli, Shigella, Entamoeba histolytica, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Giardia, Cryptosporidia, Cyclospora and Vibrio cholerae, Dehydration); (iii) drinking contaminated water (Diarrhoeal disease, Dehydration); (iv) insufficient hand washing materials and or decontamination The Head of School is responsible for evaluating and keeping under constant review the latest Foreign Office travel advice. In the event of a serious infectious outbreak in the area(s) to be visited a decision on proceeding with the trip shall be taken in partnership with advice from Occupational Health Physician and Head of Safety Services and others as appropriate. Risk rating (12) L Result (13) A Occupational Health Screening is undertaken to ensure an individual is mentally and physically fit to undertake the journey and activities planned, and has completed the relevant course of immunisations for the area concerned. Team members are not permitted to travel if they have not received the required immunisations beforehand and/or are deemed by occupational health to be unfit for the mission In addition to the provision of vaccines, Occupational Health must also undertake an examination of each employee to ensure they are physically and mentally fit to undertake all work activities in Uganda. facilities; (v) reptile bite; (vi) insect bite (Malaria); (vii) animal bite; (viii) allergy; (ix) needle stick / contaminated sharps injury; (x) pre-existing illness or injury prior to travel; and (xi) sun exposure University risk assessment form and guidance notes. Revised Aug07 p 9 of 12 Activity (8) Hazard (9) Who might be harmed and how (10) Travelling and working within Uganda. PERSONAL ILLNESS: Serious illness involving a member or members of staff whilst travelling and working within Uganda. Main hazards include: (i) exposure to infection during clinical practice or whilst visiting clinical areas / patient contact / clinical waste sites or waste handling (Cholera, Ebola haemorrhagic fever, Marburg haemorrhagic fever, Meningococcal disease and Hepatitis E); (ii) food poisoning (Diarrhoeal disease E. coli, Shigella, Entamoeba histolytica, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Giardia, Cryptosporidia, Cyclospora and Vibrio cholerae, Dehydration); (iii) drinking contaminated water (Diarrhoeal disease, Dehydration); (iv) insufficient hand washing materials and or decontamination facilities; (v) reptile bite; (vi) insect bite (Malaria); (vii) animal bite; (viii) allergy; (ix) needle stick / contaminated sharps injury; (x) pre-existing illness or injury prior to travel; and (xi) sun exposure University risk assessment form and guidance notes. Revised Aug07 Existing measures to control risk (11) Risk rating (12) The Team Leader is responsible for ensuring adequate access to L bottled mineral water is available at all locations and whilst travelling throughout Uganda. Result (13) A Water should only be drunk if you are sure of its purity. Drink or use only bottled mineral water and avoid ice. Milk should be boiled unless you are sure it has been pasteurised. All team members must carry and use hand hygiene products including soap, hand gels and relevant personal protective equipment such as gloves, apron, face mask (where appropriate during clinical activities). The decision to eat out at a restaurant, obtain take-away or prepare food for consumption is done at the team members own risk. Under no circumstances are members advised to purchase and consume food or food products from the roadside, market stalls or facilities which do not appear to be clean. Always consider the advice of trusted locals Cheeses and ice cream are often made from unpasteurised milk and should be avoided unless you are sure of their quality. Meat should be thoroughly cooked and eaten hot. Avoid eating leftovers. Take local advice about eating seafood - when in doubt best to avoid. Vegetables should only be eaten when thoroughly cooked. Green salads should be avoided wash hands thoroughly before eating or handling food. Fieldworkers are to wear types of clothing to help prevent sunburn and to use an appropriate SPF cream. p 10 of 12 Activity (8) Hazard (9) Travelling and working within Uganda. PERSONAL ILLNESS: Serious illness involving a member or members of staff whilst travelling and working within Uganda. Who might be harmed and how (10) Main hazards include: (i) exposure to infection during clinical practice or whilst visiting clinical areas / patient contact / clinical waste sites or waste handling (Cholera, Ebola haemorrhagic fever, Marburg haemorrhagic fever, Meningococcal disease and Hepatitis E); (ii) food poisoning (Diarrhoeal disease - E. coli, Shigella, Entamoeba histolytica, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Giardia, Cryptosporidia, Cyclospora and Vibrio cholerae, Dehydration); (iii) drinking contaminated water (Diarrhoeal disease, Dehydration); (iv) insufficient hand washing materials and or decontamination facilities; (v) reptile bite; (vi) insect bite (Malaria); (vii) animal bite; (viii) allergy; (ix) needle stick / contaminated sharps injury; (x) pre-existing illness or injury prior to travel; and (xi) sun exposure University risk assessment form and guidance notes. Revised Aug07 Existing measures to control risk (11) Risk rating (12) Result (13) Each team member is required to carry sufficient supplies of: •Antimalarial pills •Broad-spectrum antibiotics •Rehydration salts •Antidiarrheal drugs •Antipyretics-fever reducers (aspirin, paracetamol) •Anti-inflammatory drugs (Ibuprofen) •Antihistamines (Loratadine, Benadryl) •Antibacterial ointment for small cuts (Bactroban) •Sun screen •DEET-containing insect repellent •First-Aid kit Plus any other prescribed medications used by the team member Never step into an area that you can't check visually and never, ever put your hands or feet in places that you can't see. All snakes tend to avoid interaction with humans and, if made aware of our presence before feeling threatened or cornered, will retreat unnoticed. Keep your bag zips and mosquito nets closed at all times, when not in use, and never walk at night around the village without the aid of bright flashlight. Team members returning home from malaria-risk areas and developing fevers or flu-like symptoms, should consider malaria as a possibility and must seek immediate medical attention and inform Occupational Health. In the event of serious illness repatriation will be considered. Prior to departure the Insurance Office will provide details on cover. p 11 of 12 Action plan (14) Ref No Further action required (examples) 2nd in command person to be nominated in the event of illness or incapacitation of team leader. Action by whom HoS Satellite phone to be taken and used in the event of prolonged down time of Ugandan phone network. Team leader It is not uncommon for baggage to be delayed / lost or stolen. Team members will split and pack their clothing luggage with a trusted colleague for the outbound flight. Fieldworkers Action by when Done In the event a Team Member is held in custody by Ugandan police, the Team Leader will contact the British Consulate in Uganda and/or the British Foreign & Commonwealth Office in London for immediate assistance. The Team Leader will take whatever steps are necessary within Ugandan law to secure the release of the Team Leader and will undertake as many visits that are permitted to maintain contact with those held in police custody. Before departure to Uganda, the Group will identify a deputy leader to take the lead in the event the Team Leader is held in custody. University risk assessment form and guidance notes. Revised Aug07 p 12 of 12