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Douglas W. Hamilton Waste Management Specialist Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Making Sense of Smells A Guide for Understanding Farmstead Odors Part 3: Odor Measurement -- Notes Odors need not be so mysterious … 1. They have structure 2. They are measurable Odor Measurement How does it smell? How Long? How Much? How Strong? Odor Measurement How does it smell? How Long? How Much? How Strong? Character Odor Measurement How does it smell? How Long? How Much? How Strong? Character Persistence Odor Measurement How does it smell? How Long? How Much? How Strong? Character Persistence Concentration Odor Measurement How does it smell? How Long? How Much? How Strong? Character Persistence Concentration Intensity Measuring Notes and Odors Notes Character Persistence Concentration Intensity Odors Measuring Notes and Odors Notes Character Persistence Concentration Intensity Verbal Description Odors Character Organic Acids Acetic Acid Propionic Acid Butanoic Acid Iso-Valeric Acid Pentanoic Acid Alcohols, Aldehydes, Ketones Methanol Formaldehyde Acetone Methyl Ethyl Ketone Phenolic Compounds Sulfuric Compounds Phenol p-Cresol Hydrogen Sulfide Methyl mercaptan Dimethyl sulfide Diethyl sulfide Nitrogen Compounds Ammonia Methyl amine Dimethyl amine Diethyl amine Indole Skatole Character Organic Acids Acetic Acid Propionic Acid Butanoic Acid Iso-Valeric Acid Pentanoic Acid Alcohols, Aldehydes, Ketones Methanol Formaldehyde Acetone Methyl Ethyl Ketone Phenolic Compounds Sulfuric Compounds Phenol p-Cresol Hydrogen Sulfide Methyl mercaptan Dimethyl sulfide Diethyl sulfide Nitrogen Compounds Ammonia Methyl amine Dimethyl amine Diethyl amine Indole Skatole Character Organic Acids Acetic Acid Propionic Acid Butanoic Acid Iso-Valeric Acid Pentanoic Acid Alcohols, Aldehydes, Ketones Methanol Formaldehyde Acetone Methyl Ethyl Ketone Phenolic Compounds Sulfuric Compounds Phenol p-Cresol Hydrogen Sulfide Methyl mercaptan Dimethyl sulfide Diethyl sulfide Nitrogen Compounds Ammonia Methyl amine Dimethyl amine Diethyl amine Indole Skatole Character Organic Acids Acetic Acid Propionic Acid Butanoic Acid Iso-Valeric Acid Pentanoic Acid Alcohols, Aldehydes, Ketones Methanol Formaldehyde Acetone Methyl Ethyl Ketone Phenolic Compounds Sulfuric Compounds Phenol p-Cresol Hydrogen Sulfide Methyl mercaptan Dimethyl sulfide Diethyl sulfide Nitrogen Compounds Ammonia Methyl amine Dimethyl amine Diethyl amine Indole Skatole Character Organic Acids Acetic Acid Propionic Acid Butanoic Acid Iso-Valeric Acid Pentanoic Acid Alcohols, Aldehydes, Ketones Methanol Formaldehyde Acetone Methyl Ethyl Ketone Phenolic Compounds Sulfuric Compounds Phenol p-Cresol Hydrogen Sulfide Methyl mercaptan Dimethyl sulfide Diethyl sulfide Nitrogen Compounds Ammonia Methyl amine Dimethyl amine Diethyl amine Indole Skatole Character Organic Acids Acetic Acid Propionic Acid Butanoic Acid Iso-Valeric Acid Pentanoic Acid Alcohols, Aldehydes, Ketones Methanol Formaldehyde Acetone Methyl Ethyl Ketone Phenolic Compounds Sulfuric Compounds Phenol p-Cresol Hydrogen Sulfide Methyl mercaptan Dimethyl sulfide Diethyl sulfide Nitrogen Compounds Ammonia Methyl amine Dimethyl amine Diethyl amine Indole Skatole Measuring Notes and Odors Character Persistence Concentration Intensity Notes Odors Verbal Description Offensiveness Odor Chord Measuring Notes and Odors Notes Character Persistence Concentration Intensity Odors Verbal Description Top Note Middle Note Base Note Odor Chord Persistence Top Notes Middle Notes Base Notes Hydrogen Sulfide Ammonia Aldehydes Alcohols Ketones Amines Mercaptans Short Organic Sulfides Organic Acids Phenolic Compounds Indole Skatole Long Organic Sulfides Persistence Top Notes Middle Notes Base Notes Hydrogen Sulfide Ammonia Aldehydes Alcohols Ketones Amines Mercaptans Short Organic Sulfides Organic Acids Phenolic Compounds Indole Skatole Long Organic Sulfides Persistence Top Notes Middle Notes Base Notes Hydrogen Sulfide Ammonia Aldehydes Alcohols Ketones Amines Mercaptans Short Organic Sulfides Organic Acids Phenolic Compounds Indole Skatole Long Organic Sulfides Persistence Top Notes Middle Notes Base Notes Hydrogen Sulfide Ammonia Aldehydes Alcohols Ketones Amines Mercaptans Short Organic Sulfides Organic Acids Phenolic Compounds Indole Skatole Long Organic Sulfides Persistence Top Notes Middle Notes Base Notes Hydrogen Sulfide Ammonia Aldehydes Alcohols Ketones Amines Mercaptans Short Organic Sulfides Organic Acids Phenolic Compounds Indole Skatole Long Organic Sulfides Persistence Top Notes Middle Notes Base Notes Hydrogen Sulfide Ammonia Aldehydes Alcohols Ketones Amines Mercaptans Short Organic Sulfides Organic Acids Phenolic Compounds Indole Skatole Long Organic Sulfides Persistence Top Notes Middle Notes Base Notes Hydrogen Sulfide Ammonia Aldehydes Alcohols Ketones Amines Mercaptans Short Organic Sulfides Organic Acids Phenolic Compounds Indole Skatole Long Organic Sulfides Persistence Top Notes Middle Notes Base Notes Hydrogen Sulfide Ammonia Aldehydes Alcohols Ketones Amines Mercaptans Short Organic Sulfides Organic Acids Phenolic Compounds Indole Skatole Long Organic Sulfides Persistence Top Notes Middle Notes Base Notes Hydrogen Sulfide Ammonia Aldehydes Alcohols Ketones Amines Mercaptans Short Organic Sulfides Organic Acids Phenolic Compounds Indole Skatole Long Organic Sulfides Persistence Top Notes Middle Notes Base Notes Hydrogen Sulfide Ammonia Aldehydes Alcohols Ketones Amines Mercaptans Short Organic Sulfides Organic Acids Phenolic Compounds Indole Skatole Long Organic Sulfides Persistence Top Notes Middle Notes Base Notes Hydrogen Sulfide Ammonia Aldehydes Alcohols Ketones Amines Mercaptans Short Organic Sulfides Organic Acids Phenolic Compounds Indole Skatole Long Organic Sulfides NH3 Persistence Top Notes Middle Notes Base Notes Hydrogen Sulfide Ammonia Aldehydes Alcohols Ketones Amines Mercaptans Short Organic Sulfides Organic Acids Phenolic Compounds Indole Skatole Long Organic Sulfides NH3 H3C-NH-CH3 Persistence Top Notes Middle Notes Base Notes Hydrogen Sulfide Ammonia Aldehydes Alcohols Ketones Amines Mercaptans Short Organic Sulfides Organic Acids Phenolic Compounds Indole Skatole Long Organic Sulfides NH3 CH3 H3C-NH-CH3 N Measuring Notes and Odors Notes Character Persistence Concentration Intensity Odors Verbal Description Top Note Middle Note Base Note Detection Level Recognition Level Odor Chord NH3 Recognition Level = 37,000 ppb NH3 Detection Level = 17 ppb NH3 Acute Hazard = 50,000 to 100,000 ppb NH3 Chronic Exposure = 25,000 ppb
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