Download Oil Palm 0.60 million ha

Current Status and National Policy on Biochar
Production and Application in Thailand
Soil Science Research Group,
Agricultural Product Science Research and Development Office,
Thai Department of Agriculture
1
Examples of Thai Agricultural Wastes
Pineapple peel
Durian shell
Coconut fibre and shell
Oil palm branch
Cassava stem
Corncob
Mangosteen shell Bagass
Rice straw
Rice husk
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Agricultural Residues (Mt) of Thailand
Biomass
Rice husk
Rice straw
Corncob
Sugarcane leaves
Bagass
Cassava stem
Cassava root
Oil palm leaves
Oil palm fibre
Oil palm shell
Oil palm branch
Pararubber (age >25years)
Eucalyptus wood
Durian shell
Mangosteen shell
Pineapple peel
Coconut fibre
Coconut shell
- no information
Total
3.95
34.04
0.84
16.80
21.00
2.11
1.76
2.36
1.31
0.53
2.01
200.00
6.80
0.05
0.16
0.66
0.51
0.22
Used
0.86
0.00
0.41
0.00
21.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.08
0.22
0.88
196.45
5.62
0.00
-
Available
3.09
3.40
0.43
6.72
0.00
0.84
0.70
1.53
0.23
0.31
1.13
3.55
1.18
0.05
0.16
0.66
0.51
0.22
(Office of Agricultural Economics, 2013)
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Types of Waste Agricultural Biomass
Paddy Field 11.27 million ha
Field Crop (5.02 m ha)
-Cassava 1.70 million ha
-Sugarcane 1.67 million ha
-Maize 1.65 million ha
Perennial Crop (4.42 m ha)
-Para Rubber 3.31 million ha
-Oil Palm 0.60 million ha
-Eucalyptus 0.51 million ha
Orchard (1.54 m ha)
Agriculture in Thailand is varied in terms of activities in each region or locality,
particularly in the way farm cultures and traditions have been handed down
through generations. Each region has clear social and economic differences. 4
Thai Policy/ Plan on Soil and Nutrient Management
• Agricultural zoning plan for the farming of
six economic crops including rice, maize, oil palm,
cassava, sugar cane and rubber
• Strengthening food security
• Developing Thailand’s organic agriculture
• A better standard of living for Thai farmers
-use the land with high efficiency
-various production
-reduce risks
-reduce cost of production
-increase income
-balance natural environment
-more activities
-reduce migration and better life quality
Sufficiency
Economy
5
Overviews on Soil and Nutrient Management towards
Sustainable Agri-food System in Thailand
6
Examples of traditional kiln in Thailand
Pyrolysis reactor
7
Organic Farm, Sampran Riverside Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
8
Noen Kham District, Chai Nat Province
Local people
School
Temple
9
The Eco-community Vigor Foundation
Dr. Prateep Verapatthnanirund and Professor Dr. Tasnee Attanandana
Low-cost technology for Thai farmers
A site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) research project
10
Khao Kling Prison Camp
11
Sampanta Subdistrict, Nadee District, Prachinburi 25220
Bamboo Charcoal (BUNTON)
Soil amendment
Cosmetic
Medicine
12
Biochar application to soil
13
Land Development Department Station 5, Khonkaen Province
Water retention and movement in soils
14
Low and high magnification scanning electron micrographs and x-ray spectra of particles
of the chloride minerals sylvite (KCl) and halite (NaCl) on the surface of sugar palm fibre
biochar.
15
Noen Kham District, Chai Nat Province
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Conclusions
- Thailand’s rapid increase in waste agricultural biomass
Oil palm
Cassava
Rice husk
Fruit shell such as durian shell, mangosteen shell
and pineapple, etc
- Biochar is suitable for organic farming.
- Biochar is placed in soil to fertilize and lime the soil.
- Some farmers and organic farms use biochar.
- We have some biochar research without direction.
- Lack of knowledge and knowledge management.
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