Download STDs and AIDS

STDs, AIDS, Cancer
Chlamydia
Gonorrhea
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Syphilis
Oral and Genital Herpes
Genital Warts
HIV Infections Progress to AIDS
• June of 1981
• HIV/AIDS is a global epidemic.
– World Health Organization
estimates that AIDS has killed more
than 25 million people.
• Most HIV is transmitted
through sexual contact,
intravenous drug use, or from
a pregnant woman to her
fetus.
• HIV consists of RNA and
enzymes encased in a protein
coat.
HIV enters the cell, rewrites its RNA as DNA, inserts
DNA into the host chromosome, and replicates.
An HIV infection progresses through several
stages as helper T cell numbers decline.
HIV Treatments
• Treatments for HIV infection
are designed to block specific
steps in HIV’s replication
cycle.
• Highly Active Antiretroviral
Therapy (HAART)
– Cocktail
• Nucleoside analog reverse
transcriptase inhibitors
(NARTIs or NRTIs)
• Protease inhibitors
Epidemiology- incidence, distribution,
and control of disease in a population.
Cancer
• Cancer- a malignant tumor;
the result of abnormal cell
proliferation.
• Regulation of Cell Division
– Tumor Supressor Genes
• Genes that inhibit cell division.
– Proto-Oncogenes
• Genes that promote cell
division.
p53 Tumor Suppresor Gene
DNA Repair is Successful
DNA Repair is Unsuccessful
Apoptosis Successful
p53 Tumor Suppresor Gene
p53 Gene
•
ACTTGTCATGGCGACTGTCCAGCTTTGTGCCAGGAGCCTCGCAGGGGTTGATGGGATTGGGGTTTTCCCC
TCCCATGTGCTCAAGACTGGCGCTAAAAGTTTTGAGCTTCTCAAAAGTCTAGAGCCACCGTCCAGGGAGC
AGGTAGCTGCTGGGCTCCGGGGACACTTTGCGTTCGGGCTGGGAGCGTGCTTTCCACGACGGTGACACGC
TTCCCTGGATTGGCAGCCAGACTGCCTTCCGGGTCACTGCCATGGAGGAGCCGCAGTCAGATCCTAGCGT
CGAGCCCCCTCTGAGTCAGGAAACATTTTCAGACCTATGGAAACTACTTCCTGAAAACAACGTTCTGTCC
CCCTTGCCGTCCCAAGCAATGGATGATTTGATGCTGTCCCCGGACGATATTGAACAATGGTTCACTGAAG
ACCCAGGTCCAGATGAAGCTCCCAGAATGCCAGAGGCTGCTCCCCGCGTGGCCCCTGCACCAGCAGCTCC
TACACCGGCGGCCCCTGCACCAGCCCCCTCCTGGCCCCTGTCATCTTCTGTCCCTTCCCAGAAAACCTAC
CAGGGCAGCTACGGTTTCCGTCTGGGCTTCTTGCATTCTGGGACAGCCAAGTCTGTGACTTGCACGTACT
CCCCTGCCCTCAACAAGATGTTTTGCCAACTGGCCAAGACCTGCCCTGTGCAGCTGTGGGTTGATTCCAC
ACCCCCGCCCGGCACCCGCGTCCGCGCCATGGCCATCTACAAGCAGTCACAGCACATGACGGAGGTTGTG
AGGCGCTGCCCCCACCATGAGCGCTGCTCAGATAGCGATGGTCTGGCCCCTCCTCAGCATCTTATCCGAG
TGGAAGGAAATTTGCGTGTGGAGTATTTGGATGACAGAAACACTTTTCGACATAGTGTGGTGGTGCCCTA
TGAGCCGCCTGAGGTTGGCTCTGACTGTACCACCATCCACTACAACTACATGTGTAACAGTTCCTGCATG
GGCGGCATGAACCGGAGGCCCATCCTCACCATCATCACACTGGAAGACTCCAGTGGTAATCTACTGGGAC
GGAACAGCTTTGAGGTGCGTGTTTGTGCCTGTCCTGGGAGAGACCGGCGCACAGAGGAAGAGAATCTCCG
CAAGAAAGGGGAGCCTCACCACGAGCTGCCCCCAGGGAGCACTAAGCGAGCACTGCCCAACAACACCAGC
TCCTCTCCCCAGCCAAAGAAGAAACCACTGGATGGAGAATATTTCACCCTTCAGATCCGTGGGCGTGAGC
GCTTCGAGATGTTCCGAGAGCTGAATGAGGCCTTGGAACTCAAGGATGCCCAGGCTGGGAAGGAGCCAGG
GGGGAGCAGGGCTCACTCCAGCCACCTGAAGTCCAAAAAGGGTCAGTCTACCTCCCGCCATAAAAAACTC
ATGTTCAAGACAGAAGGGCCTGACTCAGACTGACATTCTCCACTTCTTGTTCCCCACTGACAGCCTCCCA
CCCCCATCTCTCCCTCCCCTGCCATTTTGGGTTTTGGGTCTTTGAACCCTTGCTTGCAATAGGTGTGCGT
CAGAAGCACCCAGGACTTCCATTTGCTTTGTCCCGGGGCTCCACTGAACAAGTTGGCCTGCACTGGTGTT
TTGTTGTGGGGAGGAGGATGGGGAGTAGGACATACCAGCTTAGATTTTAAGGTTTTTACTGTGAGGGATG
TTTGGGAGATGTAAGAAATGTTCTTGCAGTTAAGGGTTAGTTTACAATCAGCCACATTCTAGGTAGGTAG
GGGCCCACTTCACCGTACTAACCAGGGAAGCTGTCCCTCATGTTGAATTTTCTCTAACTTCAAGGCCCAT
ATCTGTGAAATGCTGGCATTTGCACCTACCTCACAGAGTGCATTGTGAGGGTTAATGAAATAATGTACAT
CTGGCCTTGAAACCACCTTTTATTACATGGGGTCTAAAACTTGACCCCCTTGAGGGTGCCTGTTCCCTCT
CCCTCTCCCTGTTGGCTGGTGGGTTGGTAGTTTCTACAGTTGGGCAGCTGGTTAGGTAGAGGGAGTTGTC
AAGTCTTGCTGGCCCAGCCAAACCCTGTCTGACAACCTCTTGGTCGACCTTAGTACCTAAAAGGAAATCT
CACCCCATCCCACACCCTGGAGGATTTCATCTCTTGTATATGATGATCTGGATCCACCAAGACTTGTTTT
ATGCTCAGGGTCAATTTCTTTTTTCTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTCTTTTTCTTTGAGACTGGGTCTCGCTT
TGTTGCCCAGGCTGGAGTGGAGTGGCGTGATCTTGGCTTACTGCAGCCTTTGCCTCCCCGGCTCGAGCAG
TCCTGCCTCAGCCTCCGGAGTAGCTGGGACCACAGGTTCATGCCACCATGGCCAGCCAACTTTTGCATGT
TTTGTAGAGATGGGGTCTCACAGTGTTGCCCAGGCTGGTCTCAAACTCCTGGGCTCAGGCGATCCACCTG
TCTCAGCCTCCCAGAGTGCTGGGATTACAATTGTGAGCCACCACGTGGAGCTGGAAGGGTCAACATCTTT
TACATTCTGCAAGCACATCTGCATTTTCACCCCACCCTTCCCCTCCTTCTCCCTTTTTATATCCCATTTT
TATATCGATCTCTTATTTTACAATAAAACTTTGCTGCCA
MEEPQSDPSVEPPLSQETFSDLWKLLPENN
VLSPLPSQAMDDLMLSPDDIEQWFTEDPGP
DEAPRMPEAAPRVAPAPAAPTPAAPAPAPS
WPLSSSVPSQKTYQGSYGFRLGFLHSGTA
KSVTCTYSPALNKMFCQLAKTCPVQLWVDS
TPPPGTRVRAMAIYKQSQHMTEVVRRCPH
HERCSDSDGLAPPQHLIRVEGNLRVEYLDD
RNTFRHSVVVPYEPPEVGSDCTTIHYNYMC
NSSCMGGMNRRPILTIITLEDSSGNLLGRNS
FEVRVCACPGRDRRTEEENLRKKGEPHHE
LPPGSTKRALPNNTSSSPQPKKKPLDGEYF
TLQIRGRERFEMFRELNEALELKDAQAGKE
PGGSRAHSSHLKSKKGQSTSRHKKLMFKT
EGPDSD
http://www.uni-regensburg.de/Fakultaeten/Medizin/Chirurgie-Surgery/case_report.html
Pedigree
• Pedigree- the ancestry of an individual or
family.
For a tumor suppressor gene like p53 to play a role in
cancer transformation, both alleles need to be altered.
Example of a p53 Hereditary Pedigree
Leading Sites of New Cancer
Cases and Deaths
Breast Cancer
Prostate Cancer
Colon Cancer