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Download Sec. 3:Earth`s Climate and Vegetation
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Sec. 3:Earth’s Climate and Vegetation Climate vs. Different kinds of weather over a long period of time Weather Is the state of the atmosphere at any given moment The effects of Latitude Near the equator the suns rays hit the earth’s surface more vertically so it creates warmer climates Areas in the middle Latitudes get vertical rays only part of the year creating the season In these areas the climate is called Temperate because it is neither too hot nor too cold Changes in the seasons Tropic refers to the area on earth at or near the equator ○ Tropic of Cancer or the Tropic of Capricorn The effects of Land and water Land heats up more quickly than bodies of water Water takes longer to warm up but it stays warm longer. Ocean Currents also effect temperature. ○ Warm currents vs. Cold currents These heating and cooling differences cause wind. ○ Sea breeze- air over land heats up during the day and cooler air from the water blows in and pushes the warm air up ○ Land breeze- at night the land cools more quickly than the water. Warm air over the water is pushed up by the cooler air blowing out from land. The effects of altitude The air temperature gets colder the higher up you go. Rain Shadow- air cools as it goes up one side of a mountain. At the top it forms clouds and precipitation falls. Where the air goes up the mountain get a lot of rain and snow; where the air comes down gets little rain fall Climate and Vegetation 6 Climate zones ○ Tropical, desert, temperate warm, temperate cold, polar, highland Vegetation= different kinds of plant life • Tropical climates• Rainforests= thick vegetation and tall trees • 100 inches of rain a year • Desert Climates-Arid= really dry • 10 inches of rain a year Temperate climate: ○ Temperate warminfluenced by water Found along coastal areas near oceans and seas ○ Temperate cold- influenced by land Found inland on most continents Polar Climates ○ The opposite of a tropical climate NO SUMMER In some areas mosses and grasses grow in other areas no vegetation grows.
