Download honors ecology ii - review sheet

HONORS ECOLOGY II - REVIEW SHEET
Level of Understanding
Objectives
1. __ Identify, contrast, and give examples of abiotic and biotic factors
2. __ Identify and give examples of organisms in each of the trophic
levels
3. __ Explain how the laws of thermodynamics influence trophic structure
patterns
4. __ Make predictions about the consequences of eliminating species
from particular trophic levels
5. __ Identify the three patterns of population distribution and explain
what factors lead to the formation of each
6. __ Suggest means of estimating population size, and make
calculations of population estimates from data collected
7. __ Graph and contrast type I and type III species survivorship
8. __ Contrast the two types of population growth
9. __ Calculate and graph population growth from initial data
10. __ Contrast density-independent and density-dependent limiting
factors
11. __ Define and give examples of the five common species interactions
(predation, competition, parasitism, mutualism, and
commensalisms)
12. __ Contrast the life history characteristics of r-selected and Kselected species
13. __ Define and give an example of ecological succession, including
pioneer and climax community species
14. __ Determine the species richness and relative abundance of
species in the field
15. __ Calculate Shannon-Weaver Biodiversity from collected data,
discuss the species-area relationship, and explain human effects
biodiversity
16. __ Define alien or exotic species and give an example and identify
common characteristics of such species
17. __ Diagram and describe the greenhouse effect, and its effects on
the biosphere
18. __ Identify current human population growth patterns, contrast age
structures of developing and developed countries, and explain
their ecological impact
19. __ Diagram and describe the biological and abiotic components of
and processes involved in the cycling of carbon, nitrogen,
phosphorus, and water
20. __ Design an experiment that tests the effect of an ecological
variable
21. __ Identify independent and dependent variables, and experimental
and control groups in ecological research
22. __ Read and comprehend technical ecological literature
23. __ Use computer software to simulate ecological situations and make
appropriate conclusions
Need
Help
Need
Review
Understood
Vocabulary
__ abiotic
__ biotic
__ trophic
__ autotroph
__ producer
__ photosynthesis
__ sunlight energy
__ sugar energy
__ heterotroph
__ primary consumer
__ herbivore
__ secondary consumer
__ carnivore
__ tertiary consumer
__ higher level consumer
__ decomposer
__ cellular respiration
__ ATP energy
__ law of thermodynamic
__ 1st law (conservation)
__ 2nd law (entropy)
__ trophic cascade
__ population
__ population density
__ random distribution
__ uniform distribution
__ clumped distribution
__ population size
__ N (total pop. variable)
__ n (current pop. variable)
__ r (net reproductive rate)
__ birth rate
__ death rate
__ immigration rate
__ emigration rate
__ population estimate
__ mark-recapture
__ precensus
__ mark
__ M (marked variable)
__ harmless mark
__ permanent mark
__ census
__ recapture
__ R (recapture variable)
__ N = (n x M) / R
__ type I survivorship
__ type III survivorship
__population growth
__ exponential growth
__ J-shaped curve
__ N = (r x N) + N
__ logistic growth
__ K (carrying capacity)
__ S-shaped curve
__ N = [(rxN)((K–N)/K)] +N
__ limiting factors
__ density-dependent
__ density-independent
__ predation (+ -)
__ predator
__ prey
__ predator-prey cycle
__ competition (- -)
__ intraspecific competition
__ interspecific competition
__ parasitism (+ -)
__ parasite
__ host
__ mutualism (+ +)
__ commensalisms (+ 0)
__ symbiosis
__ competitive exclusion
__ resource partitioning
__ niche
__ r-selected species
__ K-selected species
__ ecological succession
__ primary succession
__ secondary succession
__ pioneer species
__ climax community
__ keystone species
__ disturbance
__ species richness
__ S (richness variable)
__ relative abundance
__ ni / N
__ biodiversity
__ H (biodiversity variable)
__ H = -[(ni/N) ln (ni/N)]
__ biodiversity maximum
__ H max = ln S
__ biodiversity threats
__ habitat destruction
__ alien species
__ overexploitation
__ pollution
__ hot spots
__ greenhouse effect
__ greenhouse gases
__ global warming
__ carbon dioxide
__fossil fuels
__ ecological footprint
__ climate change
__ age structure diagrams
__ top heavy age structure
__ bottom heavy age str.
__ post-modern societies
__ industrial societies
__ developing societies
__ carbon cycle
__ nitrogen cycle
__ water cycle
__ phosphorus cycle
__ independent variable
__ dependent variable
__ control group
__ experimental group
Equations
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
N est = [(n)(M)]/R
r = (birth rate + immigration rate) – (death rate + emigration rate)
N exponential = [(r)(N)] + N
N logistic = [(r)(N)[(K – N)/K]] + N
H = -[(ni/N) ln (ni/N)]
H max = ln S