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Name of Biome Tundra Climate Locations Biodiversity Adaptations Long cold winters and short cold summers.- less than 10in of precipitation a year.- coldest biome.- home to polar ice caps. Northern Alaska, Canada, and Siberia. Mosquitoes replace water in their body with glycerol works as an antifreeze allowing them to survive the snow.- Taiga Avg. temperature is below freezing 6months out of the year such as 54degrees F.Winters are really cold with snow.precipitation is 30-85cm a year Stretches across a large portion of Canada.Largest biome.- Temperate Forest air masses from both the cold polar region and the warm tropical region contribute to the changes of climate in this biome.- both warm and cold Occupies half of United States and a large portion of Europe.- Artic fox, Caribou, Musk ox, Grizzly bear.- Barley vegetation only 1,700 species.shrubs, mosses, sedges, lichen, and grass.- 48 species of land mammals.marshy tundra is a great place for migratory birds like sandpipers Primarily a carnivorous forest.- Not a lot of species because of the harsh conditions.Most plants are lichens and moss and carnivorous tree like pine.American black bear, Bob cat, Long eared owl, Red FoxLynx, elk. Deer, raccoons, salamanders.productive in natural and and agricultural ecosystems.- Environmental threats One of the earths three major carbon dioxide sinks. Biomass that takes more carbon dioxide than releases and contributes to global warming.- Wax on needles of trees gives them protection from freezing weather.Susceptible to many wildfires but trees have adapted by growing thick bark.-Animals have shaggy thick coats to adapt to cold Drilling oil, people encroaching and killing animals, and also climate change causing pine beetle infestation. Trees shed their leaves in the autumn .Animals adapt to climate buy hibernating Agricultural overuse because of fertile soil Grassland Tropical Rainforest season.- 30 to 60 inches of evenly distributed precipitation.avg temp is 50degrees F. Enough avg. precipitation to allow grass.There are two different types. Tall grasslands which are humid and very wet, and short grasslands which are dry and have hotter summers.winter temperatures can be as low as -40 degreesF. Hot and moist.-60 to 160inches of precipitation per year.- Midwestern and western united states and Canada.- Near earth equator.Largest ones are in south America, Africa, and southeast asia.- closest thing to tropical rainforest in USA is tip of Florida Tall and short grass prairies.Prairie dogsblue stern grass.pronghorn antelope.horned lark.Seasonal fires play a huge role.- The prairies contained more than 80 species of animals and 300 species of birds, and hundreds of species of plants. The most bio diverse place in the world.over 15mil species of plants and animals.- Most plants are evergreen.Vegetation is so dense that little light reaches forest floor.- Rarely finds two of 1 species of tree side by side.Bengal tiger, Chimpanzee, African forest Since it is such an open environment and predators can find animals fast they either form herds or burrow People plowing for grass and farming and digging holes. Most of the rainforest's animals live in the upper canopy. There is so much food available at this level that some animals never go down to the forest floor. The leaves have "drip spouts" that allows rain to run off. This keeps them dry and prevents mold 99% of nutrients are found in roots of the trees here so when a forest is burned down or cut down the nutrients are removed from the ecosystem. elephant,Toco tucan Desert Precipitation is less than 25cm a year. – May roast in the day but shiver at night.- Cover 30% of earths land30degress north and south of equator. – Southern Sahara Africa- Sparse widely spaced, mostly low vegetation.- Savanna Warm temperatures year round.Abundant rain Largest savannas are in central southern Many large grass eating mammals can survive here and mildew from forming in the humid environment. Many of the trees have straight trunks that don't branch out for 100 feet or more. There is no sense in growing branches below the canopy where there is little light. The majority of the trees have smooth, thin bark because there is no need to protect the them from water loss and freezing temperatures. Beat the heat & every drop of water counts.- Plants may have wax coated leaves that minimize transpiration.Mosses and lichens become dormant during dry periods. Giraffe’s eat leaves from the top of trees.- Slow plant growth.- low species diversity.- slow nutrient cycling.- water shortages.desert vegetation destroyed by livestock and off-road vehicles may take decades to grow back. Huge areas are lost to the Sahara desert every year the rest of the year Africa, but are also found in central South America, Australia, and southeast Asia.- Occur in a wide belt on either side of the equator.- Chaparral Very hot and dry.Temperature though winter is very mild and about 10 degrees Celsius. And summer hot and dry at 40degrees Celsius.- Found in a little bit of every continent.west coast united states, west coast of south American, cape town south Africa.- Wetland Moist Found all over in low land areas or near streams and rivers. because they can move around and eat the plentiful grass, along with carnivore meat eating mammals because they eat the herbivores in turn.- There are several animals here that don’t live anywhere else on earth the diversity is very great.Mainly grassland and desert type animals.- Mule deer, alligator lizards, coyotes, jack rabbits.- Plants such as poison oak, scrub oak, Wiple, and other shrubs and cacti.- Have the highest species diversity of all the ecosystems.pond lilies, cattails, sedges, tamarack, and black spruce.amphibians, reptiles, birds (such as ducks Elephants eat plants further down.- Zebras graze on longer grass and stems.During dry season wildebeest and other large grazing animals migrate to find enough water. - because of overgrazing and farming. Most of the plants have small hard leaves which hold moisture.Animals have adapted to hot weather.Plants conserve water through small waxy leaves and being able to live with as little water as possible The species who live here must be adapted to high levels of salt concentration and salt water. Humans have hurt the chaparral by cutting down trees which the plants and animals and birds live in.- People over using their services such as fish to eat.and filtering our water. Ocean Estuary Colder in Atlantic warmer in pacific. A steady 28degrees F. Everywhere %70 of earth is covered by ocean San Francisco Bay, Boston harbor, Tampa bay, Chesapeake bay and waders), and furbearers Thousands of Fish have gills fish species live to live in in the ocean.water.developed their own food chain to survive in the ocean water.angler fish provides it’s self it own luminescent light because it lives near ocean floor where it is completely dark Shore birds, The tidal, fish, crabs, sheltered lobsters, waters of marine estuaries mammals, support unique mangrove communities forest, tidal of plants and pools, animals, freshwater salt specially marshes, river adapted for life deltas, kelp at the margin beds.- many of the sea..different Plants found in habitats are estuaries need found in and to be adapted around to salty estuaries.conditions. most Having too productive on much salt can earth kill many types of plants. Some plants, like pickle weed, can absorb the salt water and store the salt in special Many people love living near oceans. Unfortuantely to do that estuaries near by were drained and filled with dirt so houses could be put on top of them. compartments, called vacuoles, in the leaves River Temperature is cooler at source than it is at the mouth. Found everywhere! Get their starts at headwaters Lake During summer temp can range from 4-22degrees Celsius Scattered throughout the earth .- Largest are the great lakes Erie, Michigan, ect. Pond During summer temp can range from 4-22degrees Celsius Scattered throughout the earth and rage from miles long to thousands of square kilometers dragonflies and midges.Species diversity increases in the middle part of the river.- aquatic green plants and algae can be found Variety of freshwater fish.- clams, insects, crustaceans, fishes, and amphibians.limited species diversity since they are often isolated from one another and from other water sources like rivers and oceans. Variety of freshwater fish.- turtles, snakes, and ducks.- limited species diversity since they are often isolated from one another and from other water sources like rivers and oceans. Each fish has Fish kills, adapted pollution separately by having their own way to feed.- small creatures burry under rocks Burrow in banks and find safe homes Pollution and overuse of resources. Algae overloads and pollution