Download Genetics and Technology

Botany Student Outline – Molecular Genetics and Gene Technology
Molecular Genetics and Gene Technology
1.
Initial Overview
A.
DNA
 Transcription
Nuclear RNA
 Editing and Export
Cytoplasmic RNA
 Translation
Polypeptides
 Assemply, Modificaiton
Proteins
From Moore, Clark, & Vodopich
2.
Transcription
•
RNA: Uricil instead of Thyamin
•
A.
Always 5’  3”
Steps
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Botany Student Outline – Molecular Genetics and Gene Technology
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
3.
4.
5.
DNA Dependent RNA Polymerase  Promotor
a.
TATAAT or TTGACA
Leader Sequence
7-methylguanosine triphosphate (7mG)
Transcription
Trailer Sequence
Repease via polymerase
Adenylic Acid (Poly A Tail)
•
Primary RNA Transcript
RNA Processing
a.
snRNA
b.
snRNP
c.
Spiceosomes
•
RNA Transcript
Types of RNA
A.
mRNA
i.
Codons
B.
tRNAb
i.
Anticodon
ii.
Amino Acid Binding Site
C.
rRNA
i.
Large Subunit
ii.
Small Subunit
Translation
A.
Aminoacyl – tRNA Synthesis
•
Aminoacyl – tRNA Synthetase
B.
mRNA and “initiator” tRNA attaches to Small Subunit
C.
Large Subunit
D.
Second tRNA
•
Peptidyl Transferase
E.
Etc.
F.
Stop Codon
•
Release Factor
G.
Proteins Finished
Recombinant DNA Technology
A.
Transgenic Organism
B.
Vectors
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Botany Student Outline – Molecular Genetics and Gene Technology
C.
D.
6.
7.
Restriction Enzymes
Example: EcoR1
i.
Sticky Ends
ii.
Plasmid Insertion
iii.
DNA Ligase
E.
Gene Collection
i.
Methods of Collection
a.
DNA Digestion
b.
Collect messenger RNA
ii.
Yeast Artificial Chromosomes (TACs)
F.
Gene Identification
i.
mRNA
ii.
Probes
iii.
Antibodies
G.
Gene Replication – Polymerase Chain Reactions
Genetically Engineered Crops
Transgenic Plants
A.
Examples
i.
Herbicide Resistance
ii.
Disease Resistance
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Botany Student Outline – Molecular Genetics and Gene Technology
iii.
Insect Resistance
Page 4