Download BAITULIN I.O., NESTEROVA S.G. CONDITION OF TREES AND

BAITULIN I.O., NESTEROVA S.G.
CONDITION OF TREES AND SHRUBS SPECIES PLANTATIONS IN TOWNS AND
SETTLEMENTS OF ARAL BASIN
(Establishment Center "Ecological Reconstruction", al-Farabi Kazakh National University)
In accordance with ecological conditions and species compound of trees Aral basin is divided in three
dendrological districts - the southern, middle and northern. Species compound of trees and shrubs of
medium dendrological area was studied. It is recomended to include in planting with trees and gardens
assortiment of middle dendrological districts 91 species of trees and shrubs.
For the success of introduction it is extremely important to conduct dendrological zoning of the Aral
Sea basin by climatic, specifically hydrothermal, and by soil conditions. Based of the ecological and
extrapolation method it will allow to develop the variety of trees and shrubs that can be introduced for the
purposes of landscaping. In case this approach is used there is no need to carry out a special
experimental study that requires too much time and funds. Provided that arboretums, nurseries, botanical
gardens are available in the region and the adjoining territories the ecological and extrapolation method of
involving introduced material allows to achieve success with the highest level of probability and in less
time.
Based on preliminary studies and by climatic conditions and composition of trees and shrubs species,
encountered in the plantings of cities and villages, the Aral Sea basin can be divided into three
dendrological districts - the southern, middle and northern.
By soil and climatic conditions the Shymkent region is clearly referred to the southern district that
represents a warmer and moisture secured part with dark chestnut and not saline soils, there is richer and
diverse dendroflora in the landscape of cities [1] and villages. Therefore, this part of the Shymkent region
is referred by us to the southern dendrological district of the Aral basin. The northern part of the region is
characterized by a more continental and dry climate and a relatively poor composition of dendroflora in
the plantings of cities [2] and populated areas. This part of the Shymkent region should be referred to the
middle dendrological district of the Aral basin. The Kzylorda region has been referred by us to the
northern dendrological district since winter is colder here and soils are saline to a certain extent. The
region is slightly different from the Shymkent region by its dendroflora represented in landscaping of cities
and settlements.
The work is done on task 2 of INTAS Aral Sea 2000 - 1046 project. At this stage of the studies (during
months 10-12. 2002 year) we reviewed in detail the state and composition of trees and shrub species
available in green plantings of the cities of Turkestan and Kentau as well as in that of the adjoining
settlements referred to the middle dendrological district. Materials about collection of trees and shrubs of
Turkestan Botanical Garden was given by Baizhigitov K.
Table 1 provides the list of species available in green plantings of the cities and settlements referred to
the middle dendrological district (Column 1), introduced and available in the collections of the Turkestan
Bota-nical Garden (Column 2) and recommended to include in the variety of green plantings of the cities
and sett-lements referred to the middle dendrological district of the Aral basin (Column 3). They are
indicated by (+).
Table 1. The list of plants family and species
Names of family and species
1
2
2
3
3
4
Pinaceae
Picea schrenkiana Fisch.et.Mey
-
+
-
Picea excelsa Link
Picea engelmanii Engelm
Picea pungens Engelm
Pinus silvestris L..
Pinus Pallasiana L
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
1
Cupressaceae
Thuja orientalis Endle
Thuja occidentalis L
Juniperus communis L.
Juniperus virginiana L.
Juniperus turkestanica Komn
Biota orientalis Endl
Salicaceae
Salix argyreceae L
Salix babilonica L
Salix alba L.
Salix viminalis L
Populus nigra L
Populus deltoids Marsh.
Populus pruinosa Schrenk
Populus Bolleana Lauche
Populus diversifolia Schrenk
Populus candicans Ait
Rhamnaceae
Ziziphus sp
Tiliaceae
Tilia cordata Mill
Elaeagnaceae
Hippophae rhamnoides L
Elaeagnus oxycarpa L.
Elaeagnus orientalis L
Juglandaceae
Juglans regia L
Juglans manshurica Maxim
Betulaceae
Betula turkestanica Litv L
Betula pendula Roch
Fagaceae
Quercus robur L.
Ulmaceae
Ulmus Pinnato-ramosa Diesk
Ulmus laevis Pall
Ulmus parviflora Mill
Ulmus lacinata(Trautv).Mey
Ulmus campestris L
Moraceae
Morus alba L
Morus nigra L..
Maclura aurantica Nutt
Berberidaceae
Berberis heteropoda Schrenk
-
+
+
+
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
+
-
-
+
-
-
+
-
-
+
+
+
+
-
+
-
-
+
-
-
+
+
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
+
+
Berberis Thunbergii
-
+
+
Berberis vulgarisL.
+
2
+
3
+
4
-
+
+
-
+
+
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
1
Celestraceae
Euonimus verrucosa Nevski
Ranunculaceae
Clematis orientalis L
Saxifragaceae
Philadelphus latifolius Schrad
Grossularia reclinata (l) Mill
Ribes nigrum L
Ribes vulgare Lam
Ribes aureum Pursh
Rosaceae family
Crataegus altaica Lange
+
-
+
+
+
+
-
+
+
Crataegus songorica C.Koch
Crataegus turkestanica Pojark
Malus sieversii (Ledeb.) M.Roem
Malus silvestris Mill.
Sorbus tianschanica Rupr
Cydonia oblonga Mill.
Chamaenomeles japonica Lindl.
Pyrus communis L.
Amygdalus communis L
Cerasus tomentosa Wall.
Cerasus vulgaris Will.
Cerasus avium (L.) Moench.
Cerasus orytrocarpa Nevski.
Padus racemosa (Lam.) Gilib.
Armeniaca vulgaris Lam
Persica vulgaris Mill.
Prunus spinosa L.
Prunus divaricata Ldb.
Prunus simonii Carr.
Prunus sogdiana Vass
Rubus idaeus L.
Rosa multiflora Thunb.
+
+
+
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Rosa rugosa Thunb + - +
Rosa alberti Rgl.
Rosa laxa Retz.
Rosa canina L.
Amelanchier canadensis Med.
Spiraea aquilegifolia Pall.
Fabaceae
Gleditchia triacanthosL.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
+
+
Sophora japonica L.
Robinia pseudoacacia L.
Amorpha fruticosa L
Cercis silicuastrum L.
Cytisus ruthenicus Fish.
Laburnumanagyroides Medic.
Euphorbiaceae
Securinega suffruticosa (Rall) Rehd
Anacardiaceae
Rhus hirta Sudw.
Rhus trilobata Nutt.
Rhus typhina L.
Cotinus coggigria Scop.
Cotinus americanus Nutt.
Celestraceae
Euonimus europaea L.
Euonimus verrucosa Nevski.
Aceraceae
Acer semenovii Rgl.et Herd.
Acer tataricum L
+
+
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
+
+
-
+
+
-
+
+
+
+
-
-
+
-
-
+
-
+
+
+
-
+
-
1
2
-
3
+
4
-
-
+
+
-
+
-
+
+
-
+
+
+
+
+
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
+
-
-
+
-
+
+
+
+
-
+
Symphoricarpus orbiculatus Moench.
-
+
-
Sambucus racemosa L.
+
+
+
Sambucus nigra L.
-
+
-
Viburnum opulus L.
+
-
+
Viburnum lanata L.
Viburnum opulus L.
+
-
+
+
+
+
-
+
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Acer pseudoplatanus L.
Hippocastanaceae
Aesculus hippocastanumL.
Cornaceae
Thelycarnia sanguinea (L .) Fourr.
Cornus mas L.
Ribes nigrum L
Cornus austrialis C.F.Mey.
Oleaceae
Fraxinus lanceolata Borkh.
Fraxinus poamophila Herd.
Fraxinus vulgaris L.
Jasminum fruticans L.
Forzythia subspensa (Tyunb.) Vahl.
Syringia vulgaris L.
Ligustrum vulgare L.
Bignoniaceae
Tecoma stans Juss.
Catalpa speciosa Warder.
Caprifoliaceae
Lonicera tatarica L
Symphoricarpus albus (L.) Blake.
Vitaceae
Ampelopsis acantifolia Bge.
Platanaceae
Platanus orientalis Dode
Simaroubaceae
Ailanthus altissima Mill. Swingle.
Buxuceae
Buxus sempervirens L
Sapindaceae
Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm
The variety of green plantings of the middle dendrological district includes species already cultivated in
the green plantings of this district as well as those that had successfully passed the introduction test in
the Turkestan Botanical Garden. It was recommended to include in the variety of green plantings of the
middle dendrological district the total of 91 species of trees and shrubs. This adds 24 species more to the
number available currently in the green plantings of the cities and settlements of the middle dendrological
district in the Aral Sea basin.
LITERATURE
1. Jumabaeva R.O. Introduction of Noth American woody plant in conditions of Shimkent arboretum.
Abstract. Almaty. 26p.
2. Pysmambetova G.M. The problems of planting with trees and gardens of Kentau. // Search. 2000.
N1.
***
A?ae aeia?ui nie ?a?ea?aa ?naoii a?aooa?au" yeieiaeyeu? ?a?aaeuia ??ia o??eie ???aiuia ?a?ae
i"o?noie, i?oaeu? ??ia nieo?noie aai ?o aaia?ieiaeyeu? aoaaiaa??a a?eaai. I?oaeu? aaia?ieiaeyeu?
aoaaiiu" a?aooa?u iai a?oaea?uiu" oiciii aa?ieaai. I?oaeu? aaia?ieiaeyeu? aoaaiiai a?aooa? iai
a?oaea?au" 91 o??i e?aaeaaiau?o?a iaeaaeaio?a aieaoui ?niiaieoa?ai" anni?oeiaioiia ai ai?ieaai.
***
Аральский бассейн по экологическим условиям и по видовому составу древесных растений
разде-лен на три дендрологических района - южный, средний и северный. Представлены списки
деревьев и кустарников среднего дендрологического района. Рекомендовано включить в
озеленительный ассортимент среднего дендрологического района 91 вид деревьев и кустарников.