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Name: _______________________________________________ Date: ___________________ Period: _________
C 1.2 Inside a Cell
Parts of a cell:
What is the main
difference between a
eukaryotic cell and a
prokaryotic cell? (20)
What is an organelle?
What is a nucleus? (21)
What is the cell membrane
and what is its purpose?
(20)
What is a cell wall? (21)
What is the cytoplasm?
(20)
Where do organisms get
their energy?
What is a chloroplast? (23)
What are mitochondria?
What are ribosomes?
What is the endoplasmic
reticulum?
What is the golgi
apparatus?
What are vacuoles?
What are lysosomes?

Where the __________ material cells need to _____________ and ____________ is
located.
 Eukaryotic cells have a __________ (a separate compartment where genetic material is
stored); nucleus is the “________” of the cell.
 In a prokaryotic cell (most ______________ organisms), there is no ___________
compartment for the genetic material. There are no ___________.
Any part of a cell that is enclosed by a ____________. Each organelle has a specific _______
inside the cell.
The compartment that stores the __________________ a cell needs to function. It has its
own ____________ that separates it from the rest of the cell. Genetic
material=__________________
The boundary that separates the _________ from the _________ of the cell. It is a
_____________ covering that encloses the entire cell. Any material coming
______________________ the cell must pass through the cell membrane.
 “______________ permeable:” only allows _______ things in or out
 Substances can get _______ the cell membrane in many ways:
o Diffusion: movement of molecules from areas of _______ concentration to areas
of ________ concentration
o Osmosis: diffusion of __________ through membrane
o Facilitated diffusion: diffusion through membrane with the help of
___________________________ inside membrane
o Passive transport: movement of substances through membrane that does
_________ use ______________
 Happens ______________ (no energy)
 Diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion
o Active transport: movement of substances through membrane that
________________________
o Endocytosis: cell membrane ________ around substance and pinches off (forms a
__________), taking something _______ cell
o Exocytosis: vesicle _______ with cell membrane and releases contents ___________
the cell
A _________ outer covering that lies just outside the cell ___________. The cell wall
__________ and protects the cell. Only in ________ cells.
It is a _______-like material contained inside the cell. Most of the _____ of the cell is
carried out in the cytoplasm. Organelles ________ in it.
Organisms get energy from the _________ that the organisms ________ or ________.
Sugars are some of the basic materials that cells use to ____
Plants get their energy directly from the ______. Within plant cells are chloroplasts,
organelles in which the ____________________________ is used to make ________.
Organelles that use ___________ to get _________ from processing _________. They are
found in both ______________________ cells.
Organelles that make _____________. They are located on the _______ and throughout
the _______________.
Organelle that makes parts of the cell ____________. Parts of the E.R. have
_____________, which make proteins, and the E.R. helps build ___________. Located on
the outside of the _________. Part of the cellular ____________ system. Parts of the
endoplasmic reticulum membrane break off to form small “_____________” called vesicles.
Vesicles ______________ materials to the golgi apparatus. It is a stack of
___________membranes that process the materials made by the E.R.
An area surrounded by a ______________ that holds _________, waste, and other
materials. They help move material _______ and out of the cell. _________ cells have
___________________ vacuoles that store ______ and provides support. ________cells do
not have central vacuole.
Vesicles that contain ___________ that break down materials taken ____ the cell as well as
___________________, and contains _________. Act like the ____________________ of the
cell.
Stop and think:
1. How can a chloroplast also provide energy for animals?
2. What organelles are part of the cellular transport system? ____________________________
3. What organelles are involved in getting rid of waste in the cell? ________________________
Different Cells Perform Different Functions:
1. ____________: prokaryotic, live in extreme environments
What are the 3 domains?
2. ____________: prokaryotic, live almost everywhere
3. ____________: eukaryotic, most are multicellular
***Most organisms are ___________________
What is specialization?
When ___________ cells perform specific ______________. More
specialization=more _______=more ______________
What are the levels of
Cells________organ_________________organism
organization in an organism?
Organelle Matching
Definitions:
_____
1.
_____
2.
_____
3.
_____
4.
_____
5.
_____
6.
_____
7.
_____
8.
_____
9.
_____
10.
_____
11.
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Golgi Apparatus
Vesicles
Lysosome
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
J.
k.
manufactures proteins
provides protection and structure for a plant cell
breaks down and destroys unwanted material inside of the cell
stores information/DNA for the cell
semi-permeable layer that helps control what enters and exits the cell
processes proteins that come from the ER and ribosomes
makes parts of the cell membrane
uses oxygen to break down sugars to make energy for the cell
converts light into sugar/food for the plant cell to use
help move materials around the cell
gelatin-like substance found inside the cell where most of the work done
by the cell takes place
Questions:
1. What is the main difference between a eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell?
2. What is an organelle?
3. What are the 3 major domains?
4. Where do organisms get their energy?
5. What’s the difference between chloroplasts and mitochondria?
6. If an organism has many different types of specialized cells, what can you infer about its
complexity?