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Pre- History to History • Paleolithic Age (4 million BCE to 7000 BCE) • Neolithic Age (7000 BCE) • “Agricultural Revolution” • Mesopotamia • Tigris and Euphrates Rivers • • • • • • • • Nile River Indus River Yellow River Copper Bronze Bronze Age Iron Hittites Mesopotamia • Sumerians • Semitic Peoples • Sargan the Great (2,000 BCE) • Akkad • Akkadian Empire • Fertile Crescent • Cuneiform Writing • Ziggurats • Epic of Gilgamesh • Code of Hammurabi • Old Babylonians (Amorites) • Hittites • Assyrians • New Babylonians (Chaldees) Assyria, Phoenicia, Persia • Assyrians 900 BCE612 BCE • Nineveh • Assur • Chaldees • Phoenicians • Carthage • Phonetic Alphabet 1000 BCE • Persian Empire • Shown at its largest extent (below): • Persepolis • Satrapies • Darius I 522-486 BCE • Zoroastrianism: • • • • Zoroaster (Zarathustra) The Avesta Ahuramazda (God of Good) Ahriman (God of Evil) Hebrews • • • • • • • • Moses Exodus Palestine Philistines Saul David Jerusalem Solomon r. 970-935 BCE • United Monarchy under Solomon: • Old Testament • Judea • Samaria • • • • • Yahweh (Jehovah) Monotheism Covenant The Torah “Babylonian Captivity” 586-539 BCE • Gentiles • Diaspora • Nebuchadnezzar II • Maccabee Brothers • Zealots • Messiah Ancient Egypt • Nile River • Narmer 3100 BCE • Pharaoh • Hyksos 1650 to 1570 BCE • Tutankhamen (“King Tut”) • • • • • • Amon (Ra or Re) Isis Osiris Ka Akhenaton Aton • Nefertiti India (1) • • • • • • • • • Indus River Mohenjo-Daro Indus Civilization Aryans Vedas Rigveda Raja Ganges Brahmins • • • • • • • • • • • Kshatrija Vaishya Shudra Caste System Pariah Hindu Religion Reincarnation Karma Dharma Brahma Moksha • Shiva • Vishnu • Shiva (L) Vishnu (R): • • • • Jainism Buddhism Buddha Siddhartha Gautama 563-483 BCE • • • • Nirvana Theravada Buddhism Mahayana Buddhism King Ashoka 269-232 BCE • Gupta Dynasty • Sanskrit China (1) • Yellow River • Shang Dynasty 1500 BCE • Yangtze River • Zhou (Chow) Dynasty 1000 BCE • Ideographs • Oracle Bones • Confucius 551-479 BCE (Master Kung or Kung Fu-tzu) • The Analects • Mandarins • Loazi (Lao-Tzu or Lao-tse) • Book of Changes (Dao de Jing or Tao te ching) • Daoism (Taoism) • Legalism • Era of the Warring States 400-225 BCE Ancient Life • Patriarchy • Yin-Yang • • • • • Primogeniture Laws of Manu Purdah Concubine Sati (Suttee):
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